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AP Chemistry
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1  Problem Set: Chapter 1 Review Problems
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1) The mass of an empty container is 77.664 g. The mass of the container filled with water is
99.646 g.
a. Calculate the volume of a container, using a density of 1.0000 g/cm3 for water.
b. A piece of metal was added to an empty container, and the combined mass was 85.308 g.
Calculate the mass of the metal.
c. The container with the metal was filled with water, and the mass of the entire system was
10.6442 g. What mass of water was added?
d. What volume of water was added?
e. What is the volume of the piece of metal?
f.
Calculate the density of the metal.
2) A solution is 44.0% acetic acid (the characteristic component in vinegar) by mass. The density of this
solution (vinegar) is 1.049 g/ml at 20°C.
3) On the Reamur scale, which is no longer used, water freezes at 0°R and boils at 80°R.
a. Derive an equation that relates this to the Celsius scale. (Use the form T(°C)= )
b. Mercury is a liquid metal at room temperature. It boils at 356.6 °C. What is the boiling point
of mercury on the Reamur scale?
4) In some heated homes, heat from the sun is stored in rocks during the day and then released during
the cooler night.
a. Calculate the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 78.7 kg of rocks from
25.0°C to 43.0ΔC. (Assume that the rocks are limestone, which is essentially pure calcium
carbonate.) The specific heat of calcium carbonate is 0.818 J/g°C.
b. Suppose that when the rocks in part (a) cool to 30.0°C, all the heat released goes to warm
the 1,000ft3 (2.83 x 105 L) of the air in the house, originally at 10.0°C. To what final
temperature would the air be heated? The specific heat of air is 1.004 J/g°C, and its density
is 0.00120 g/mL.
5) Although newly minted pennies look as though they are composed of copper, they actually contain only
2.7% copper. The remainder of the metal is zinc. If the densities of copper and zinc are 8.72 g/cm 3,
respectively, what is the density of a newly minted penny? (assume 2.7% is by volume)
6) At what temperature will a Fahrenheit thermometer give:
a. The same reading as a Celcius thermometer?
b. A reading that is twice that on the Celsius thermometer?
c. A reading that is numerically the same but opposite ein sign from that on the Celsius scale?
7) A 55.0 g sample of hot aluminum was transferred from a beaker of boiling water (at 100°C) to a beaker
of cold water. If the cold water was initially at 20°C, and the final temperature of the system was
30.0°C, how much water was originally in the beaker? (Note: the specific heat of aluminum is 0.220
cal/g°C)
8) 55.0 g of iron (Cp = 0.451 J/g°C) is heated to 425°C and then plunged into a beaker of water. If the
beaker contains 600.0 g of water initially at 25°C, what will be the final temperature of the system when
thermal equilibrium is reached?
9) Household ammonia is 5.4% ammonia by mass and has a density of 1.006 g/mL. What volume of this
solution mus a person purchase to obtain 14.8 g of ammonia?