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CST Review Packet
Directions: You must answer all of the questions and have completed by Friday, May 6. Some of these will be completed in
class, some you must do for homework. This will be graded as a packet and be worth 40 points.
7th Grade:
Pink Sheet 1 (Rome)
1. Why did the government of the Roman Republic set up a tripartite government with a system of checks and balances?
2. What are the reasons for Roman expansion?
3. Who established a lasting peace called the Pax Romana?
4. What was the significance of the Twelve Tables?
5. What city became the capital of the Byzantine Empire?
6. List the reasons for the decline of Rome.
7. The Romans borrowed ideas in art and architecture from the _____________.
8. Why was Paul important to early Christianity?
9. The Roman Religion was based in ________________ which means they believe in many ___________.
10. What effect did Julius Caesar’s seizure of power have on the Roman political system?
11. The origins of Checks and balances in the U.S. political system can be traced to the…(Roman Republic)
12. The wars with Carthage (264-146 B.C.) gave the Roman Empire control of…? (The Mediterranean)
13. The map above represents the military conquests associated with the spread of what major world religion?
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Pink Sheet 2 (Byzantine Empire)
Moved the capital of the Roman Empire from Rome to Byzantium?
What was the significance of Justinian’s Code?
Who gave Christians religions freedom and converted to Christianity in AD 312?
What was the Council of Nicaea?
Constantine moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium and renamed it _____________?
Pink Sheet 3
(Islam)
What are the two groups of Muslims and what is different about them?
What is the significance of the Astrolabe?
Muslim mathematicians developed the branch of mathematics known as ______________.
The religion of Islam was brought to Arabia through the teachings of __________________.
What is the Qur’an?
What is the name of the holiest city in Islam and the site of the Kaaba?
In the 700s A.D., Arabian merchants played and important role in what? (Spread of Islam)
Pink Sheet 4 (Africa)
Who traveled to Mecca and brought back Islamic scholars, teachers and engineers to help his empire grow? What was this
empire?
West African empires became rich taxing ___________ _______________.
What was the belief that animals, plants and other natural features have spirits in them?
_________________ and ______________ are the two most important trade goods which came from West Africa.
The spread of _____________________ led to changes in the language used in West African government and to record
history.
How did the location of cities in the West African empires of Ghana and Mali influence their growth?
How did trade impact religious beliefs in West Africa?
Pink Sheet 5 (China)
33. What Chinese invention was a set of letters that can be rearranged and reused to create new lines of text and different
pages and print much faster?
34. What were the results of the voyages of Zheng He?
35. What was the set of beliefs that focused on proper behavior, respect for elders, knowledge, and government service?
36. What religion stresses that suffering is a basic part of life and our suffering is caused by our selfish desires?
37. What were the effects of the Silk Road?
38. What were the significance of the Civil Service exams in China?
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Not a religion but a philosophy
Peace and order (harmony)
Emphasized moral behavior and
education.
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Which individual is responsible for the Chinese social movement described in the text box above? Answer: Confucianism.
The Chinese people turned to the teachings of Confucius because his ideas were thought to help what?
What was the main contribution of Emperor Shi Huangdi to China?
What shows the importance of the Mongols placed on improving trade contacts with other civilizations?
Which of these describes how paper was introduced into medieval Europe?
Why were civil service exams used?
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Pink Sheet 6 (Japan)
Why was Prince Shotoku a significant figure in Japanese history?
What is the difference between Zen Buddhism and Pure Land Buddhism?
Which member of the Japanese hierarchy was a “figurehead”?
Complete the diagram of the structure of the Japanese feudal system
49.________
50. ________
51.________
52. ________
and Vassals
Merchants and 53. _________ and Peasants
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What is the Bushido?
What is feudalism?
What is a vassal?
What is a Daimyo?
Who were the Samurai?
China’s influence on Medieval Japan is illustrated by Japan’s development of ______. (Writing)
Endurance, cunning, physical strength, and courage were the ideal characteristics of ________. (Samurai)
Pink Sheet 7 (Medieval Europe)
What did the conflict between Pope Gregory VII and Henry IV, the Holy Roman emperor have to do with?
What were the principles established by the Magna Carta?
What was the significance of the Black Death in Medieval Europe?
How is the concept of habeas corpus used in the United States today?
How did the Concordat of Worms end the conflict between Pope Gregory VII and Henry IV?
Complete the diagram of the structure of the feudal system in Medieval Europe.
67.________ &__________
68. ________ & _________
69.______________
70. ________ & ______
71. In medieval Europe, law and order were maintained by the…?
72. During medieval times, which of these groups was legally tied to the land?
73. During the medieval period in Europe, the political power of the kings and great nobles was often contained by the actions
of…?
74. How did the Crusades affect the economies of Central and Western Europe?
75. The devastation of church and Empire by Turks and Arabs called for Pope Urban II to call for what? (Answer: Crusades)
76. The map above illustrates the spread of what disease?
Pink Sheet 8 (Renaissance)
77. What country did the Renaissance originate in?
78. Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, and Macbeth were popular plays written by whom?
79. Who painted the Mona Lisa?
80. Who was responsible for the developing the movable type printing press in Europe?
81. What made Marco Polo so famous?
82. Why was the printing press a key factor in the success of the Renaissance?
83. The stories of Marco Polo encouraged many people to do what? (Travel to Asia)
84. What are the characteristics of Renaissance painting?
*Artist, architect, mathematician.
*Studied anatomy to draw more realistic human figures
*Painted a mural depicting the last meeting of Jesus and his disciples
*Painted the portrait known as “Mona Lisa”
85. The information in the text box above best describes which of these individuals of the Renaissance?
Pink Sheet 9 (Reformation)
86. Martin Luther challenged the Roman Catholic Church by doing what?
87. In the 1500s, many Catholics were upset with the Church over what issue?
88. What was the main idea of John Calvin’s teachings?
89. Why did Pope Paul III call the Council of Trent?
90. What church did King Henry VIII form?
91. What was the Counter Reformation?
92. What was the Diet of Worms & what was Luther’s response to the Diet of Worms?
93. The Spanish Inquisition was a court system that became famous for what?
94. How did the Reformation help encourage democracy in America?
95. What was the Spanish Inquisition (1478-1834)?
96. What was the cause for the movement of the Jewish population shown above? (Forced to by government during the
Inquisition)
Pink Sheet 10 (Scientific Revolution & Exploration)
97. Observation, collecting data, and testing a hypothesis is all part of what process?
98. Who discovered that the earth and planets travel around the sun in elliptical orbits?
99. The sun being at the center of the universe (heliocentric) is a scientific theory of whom?
100. Who invented the telescope?
101. Magellan is credited as being the first person to do what?
102. Who found the first water way to India?
103. During the Age of Exploration, Europe looked for sea routes to the East in order to do what?
104. The route across the Atlantic Ocean between the Americans and Europe that traded fruit, vegetables, and animals in the
15th century is known as the what?
105. The findings of Galileo and Newton were significant because, from their time on, scientific though was based on…?
106. The systematic collection and articulation of natural laws, such as gravity and motion, was done by…?
107. Which Scientific Revolution-era invention led to an increased understanding of diseases?
108. What was one effect of Copernicus’ theory of a sun-centered solar system?
109. The Scientific Revolution contributed to Enlightenment thought by influencing people to do what? (Use reason)
Pink Sheet 11 (The Americas)
110. Where did the Mayans settle?
111. What did the Mayans and Aztecs do to keep the Gods happy?
112. What were the achievements of the Aztecs?
113. What were the achievements of the Mayans?
114. Who defeated the Aztecs?
115. The map above is a map of what civilization?
116. What characteristics did Aztec and Incan societies share? (Answer: religious)
117. What tasks were Aztec priests in charge of in their society?
118. What was the main cause of the declining population of the native tribes in Central and South America? (Diseases:
Small pox)
119. The “Triangle Trade” and “Columbian Exchange” are terms used to describe the movement of goods between Western
Europe, West Africa, and…?
8th Grade
Gold Sheet 1 (Colonial America)
120. How did the “Great Awakening” contribute to revolution in the colonies?
121. What is the basic principal of “Natural Rights”?
122. What was the first sign of self-government evidence in the colonies?
123. Name a type of Government that John Locke would oppose?
124. What was influential about the English Bill of Rights of 1689?
125. Why was the Protestant Reformation in Europe an event that affected American colonies?
“Rulers receive the right to govern from the people. Unjust rulers can be forced from
power.
126. Based on the quotation above, which form of government would John Locke most oppose?
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Natural Rights
Separation of Powers
Political Equity
127. The teachings of Enlightenment thinking listed above provided the basis for what? (Democratic Government)
128. What were both the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights designed to do?
129. The Great Awakening of the mid-1700s affected the British colonies by…? (Encouraged them to question authority)
130. The Mayflower Compact (1620) was significant in the political development of the American colonies because it
introduced the principle of what? (Self Government)
Gold Sheet 2 (Declaration of Independence)
131. List five reasons why the American Revolution was inevitable? (clue: gold sheet 2, box “why”)
132. What were the three main ideas of the Declaration of Independence?
133. What was the significance of the Declaration of Independence?
134. In addition to feeling distant from Britain, what was the general reason the colonies went to war with Britain? (clue: N__
T______ W______ R____)
135. What was the goal of the Declaration of Independence was to…?
136. In designing the legislative branch, the writers of the constitution mainly based their ideas on the…?
137. In his farewell Address, George Washington urged the American people to avoid what? (Long term alliances)
Gold Sheet 3 (Articles of Confederation)
138. What was America’s first plan for government called?
139. Why the Articles of Confederation were originally created?
140. List the four weaknesses (problems) with the Articles of Confederation.
141. What event helped national leaders to realize the federal government had no way of controlling uprisings (riots)?
142. Under the Articles of the Confederation who received most of the governmental powers? (clue: Virginia, New York,
Massachusetts)
143. If you were a federalist you believe what?
144. If you were an anti-federalist you believe what?
145. Shays’ Rebellion of 1786 resulted in increased support for what? (Answer: Revising the Articles of Confederation)
Gold Sheet 4 (Constitution)
146. Name one power from each branch of government.
147. In your own words describe how “checks and balances” work in our government.
148. What was the United States first plan for government?
149. What section of the Constitution does it list the basic goals of our government?
150. What is the Constitutional “check” that the executive has to “balance” the power of the legislature in the United States
government?(Answer: Veto power)
Gold Sheet 5 (Bill of Rights)
151. Looking at the "Bill of Rights", describe the overall power it gives the people.
152. What does RAPPS represent in the first Amendment?
153. What Amendment states that our government should have no cruel or unusual punishments?
154. What Amendment gives you the right to a speedy trial and a free lawyer?
155. What Amendment requires the government to have a warrant to search or seize your property?
156. What Amendment guarantees you will not be tried twice for the same criminal charge? And what is this called?
157. What Amendment guarantees you do not have to testify against yourself in a court of law?
“The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are
reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.” – 10th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
158. Read the quote above, the 10th Amendment was added to the Constitution to resolve which of the following topics of
debate surrounding the development of the Constitution.
159. Which part of the United States Constitution contains fundamental liberties of American citizens? (Bill of Rights)
Gold Sheet 6 (Political Parties)
160. What were the first two major political parties in the United States?
161. The U.S., a new nation faced what serious problem in 1790?
162. Describe Thomas Jefferson's philosophy on the "common man".
163. What political party grew out of those people who didn’t like the Constitution (the Anti-federalists)?
164. What political party was in full support of the Constitution?
165. Who killed Alexander Hamilton in the famous duel?
166. Disagreements between what two political leaders led to the first two political parties? List their names and party.
167. List one similarity and one difference between Shays' Rebellion 1786 and the Whiskey Rebellion 1794.
168. Which Founding Father favored a strong national government and a loose interpretation of the United States
Constitution (Alexander Hamilton)
169. Which political group supported the political ideas and policies of Alexander Hamilton?
170. Thomas Jefferson and his followers opposed Alexander Hamilton’s tariff policy in part because they believed that high
tariffs would cause problems for who? (Answer: Small Farmers)
Gold Sheet 7 (The Early Republic)
171. What was the purpose of the Lewis & Clark Exploration?
172. President Jefferson bought what piece of land that doubled the size of the U.S. from France in 1803?
173. List the causes and results of the War of 1812.
174. President Monroe issued what document that declared that NO European country is to interfere with US affairs?
175. Andrew Jackson the “Common Man” and “War Hero” expanded what type of rights during his presidency?
176. Who closed the National Bank in 1833 because he felt it favored the wealthy and was unconstitutional?
177. Jackson used a spoil system to gain popularity, what is a spoil system?
178. Two examples of expanding transportation networks in the Northwest were… (clue: 1811, 1825)
179. Describe the phrase “Manifest Destiny”.
180. Why did Americans want to move into the western frontier?
181. Why did Texans (American settlers & Tejanos) revolt against the Mexican government?
182. The United States annexed what state in 1845 after they gained their independence from Mexico?
183. After the Mexican-American War, Mexico agreed to surrender what territory? (clue: M_______ C_______) What
modern day states does this include?
184. What were the effects of the California Gold Rush?
185. Elizabeth Cady Stanton & Susan B. Anthony led what movement in the United States?
186. The Seneca Falls Convention what significant because…
187. Steamboats and railroads are examples of transportation technologies during what time period? (clue: I_______
R_______)
188. What type of economy did the North have? What type of Economy did the South have?
189. During the first wave of immigration what two groups moved to United States for new opportunities? What struggles
did the face?
190. Who were nativists?
*Secured control of North America’s longest river.
*Added substantially to the Native American, Spanish, and French populations in the country.
*Essentially doubled the size of the United States.
191. Which territorial acquisition is described in the textbox above? (Answer: Louisiana Purchase)
192. Which president is responsible for the territorial acquisition indicated by the lighter shaded area of the map above?
(Thomas Jefferson)
193. What is one reason for the dramatic decreases in exports in 1807 and from 1810 to 1812? (Answer: Military and
economic problems with Britain, War of 1812)
194. Conflict with Mexico became highly likely following the granting of statehood to what state? (Answer: Texas)
195. What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine(1823)?
196. Describe the location of factories in New England during the early 1800s.
197. Improvements in technology greatly affected what industry? (Answer: Textiles)
198. During the 1800s, the movement of large numbers of immigrants from many different countries into large American
cities resulted in rapid growth of…?
“Go west, young men, and grow up with the country”. – Horace Greeley
By the mid-1800s, California was being settled mostly by people in search of what?
“Texas has been absorbed into the Union in the inevitable fulfillment of the general law which is rolling our population westward”
– Democratic Review
199. The quotation above describes the 19th century American belief in what?
200. The Indian Removal Act (1830) relocated thousands of Cherokees from Georgia to Indian Territory for the purpose
of…?
201. While the American colonies were fighting a revolution against England and forming a new nation, New Spain was
establishing new settlements in California using what type of system?
Gold Sheet 8 (The Countdown to Civil War)
202. Six significant event lead to the build up of the Civil War. What were those events?
203. Maine entered into the Union as a free state and Missouri entered as a Slave state because of what act of congress? What
latitude was established?
204. Who was known as the great compromiser in Congress (1820 and 1850)?
205. The Compromise of 1850 issued California as a free state, upsetting the balance. What did the south get in return?
206. In 1852 a very popular book helped to fuel anti-slavery feelings in the North? Who wrote it?
207. How would we decide slavery or no slavery in the areas of Kansas and Nebraska?
208. The violence that broke out in Kansas because of the issue of slavery was known as….
209. What Supreme Court decision kept a man in chains and stated that congress cannot keep slavery out of any territory?
210. During the Lincoln-Douglas debates for Illinois Senator what major issue was debated? Who wins? Who becomes
popular with republicans?
211. Who are abolitionists? List 5 people from the period.
212. Describe how southern states used the idea of “States Rights” to justify slavery.
213. What is sectionalism?
214. The first shots of the Civil War were fired where?
215. What agricultural invention, designed to increase production, had the effect of increasing the number of slaves needed
for labor in the Deep South?
216. The growing importance of cotton on the South created an economy and a society dominated by what? (Large
Landowners, plantations)
217. The slave-based agricultural system in the South encouraged the development of what?
218. Prior to the Civil War, which group had the most political power in the south?
219. Who was the most important leader of the Underground Railroad?
220. The main goal of the abolitionists like William Lloyd Garrison was to do what?
221. After the American Revolution, most Northern state constitutions called for what? (An end to slavery)
222. What territory was admitted as a state as a result of the Compromise of 1850?
223. What led the newspapers to speak of “Bleeding Kansas” in 1856?
Gold Sheet 9 (Civil War)
224. Who was the president of the Union during the Civil War? President of Confederacy?
225. What was the Emancipation Proclamation?
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What were the advantages of the Union and Confederacy during the War?
Why was the Battle of Gettysburg important to the outcome of the Civil War?
What new technologies were introduced during the Civil War?
What were the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments?
Explain the importance of the black codes, Freedman’s Bureau, and Jim Crowe Laws.
Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address is similar to the Declaration of Independence in that both documents did what?
What was the first major goal of President Abraham Lincoln’s administration?
“With malice toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right; let us strive on to finish the
work we are in; to bind up the nation’s wounds; to care for him who shall have borne the battle; and for his widow and orphan, to do
all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves, and with all nations.” – Abraham Lincolns Second
Inaugural Speech.
233. This ending to Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Speech indicates that his vision for the future after the Civil War was for
what? (Answer: Peacemaking/rebuilding)
234. Why did the Union strategy for defeating the South include a naval blockade of Southern ports?
235. One goal of post-Civil War Congressional Reconstruction was to do what?
236. During Reconstruction, what was the function of the Freedmen’s Bureau? (Assist former slaves)
237. The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution of the United States were intended to solve problems to what?
(Answer: Slavery)
238. What did the American Federation of Labor try to achieve in the late 1800s?
239. A large percentage of the immigrants who came to the United States during late 19th and early 20th centuries settled in
large cities because of what?
240. What group most favored immigration in the United States between 1880 and 1920?
6th Grade:
Blue Sheet 1 (Early Civilizations)
241. Explain what caused the transition from Hunter Gathers to permanent settlements?
242. What are hieroglyphics?
243. Describe the pharaohs of ancient Egypt.
244. Why did Stone Age people practice slash-and-burn agriculture?
245. Which development most enabled early people to form permanent settlements?
246. Hammurabi’s Code of ancient Mesopotamian society was important because it…
247. Cuneiform and hieroglyphics were important achievements in the development of…
Blue Sheet 2 (Greece)
248. What contributions did Greece make to government?
249. What type of society was Sparta?
250. What type of citizens did Athens admire?
251. Who was Alexander the Great?
252. Explain the ideas of the Greek philosophers.
253. Greece’s mountainous terrain and its series of small islands influenced the ancient Greeks to develop…
254. The legacy of ancient Greek myths and epics, such as the Iliad, continues to provide people with…
255. Ancient Greeks used myths about their gods primarily to do what? (Answer: Explain events in their natural world)
256. In 480 B.C., the independent Greek city-states formed an alliance under the leadership of Athens and Sparta during
their conflict with the ________. (Answer: Persians)
257. How did the rise to power and reign of Alexander most affect Greece?
Blue Sheet 3 (Judaism)
258. Where the Jews monotheistic or polytheistic?
259. Who was Abraham?
260. Who was Moses?
261. What are the Holy books of the Jews?
262. Jewish scripture says that God’s laws were delivered to the ancient Hebrews by…
263. The Diaspora, the dispersing of the Jewish people, refers to their ______.
Blue Sheet 4 (India)
264. Explain the social hierarchy of ancient India.
265. What are the key beliefs of Buddhism?
266. What is the significance of Hindu Arabic numerals?
267. Which letter on the map above is the location of the Indus River Valley and the early civilization that it supported?
268. Which statement about the Hindu caste system in India is accurate?
269. Which statement about the Hindu caste system is accurate?