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Earth Science – Review KEY The 7 steps in Scientific Method Silly Sentence Please Hide My Present Dad & Oma Always Check Names of Steps 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Description of Step Problem/Ask a question Form a hypothesis Materials Procedure Data/observations Analysis Conclusion / communicate The Physical (5) Layers of the Earth Silly Sentence Tectonic plates Upper mesosphere Magma/ liquid solid Names of the Layers lithosphere Asthenosphere (convection currents) Mesosphere/mantle Outer core Inner core Layers of the Atmosphere Names of the Layers Exosphere Thermosphere Mesosphere stratosphere troposphere Make up your own sentence Northern lights/ ionosphere Hottest layer Coldest layer Ozone layer Weather takes place Soil Layers Layers O Horizon A Horizon B Horizon C Horizon What is found in each layer? Humus/organic topsoil/subsoil Parent material bedrock Planets in our Solar System Silly Sentence My Names of the Planets Mercury Very Venus Fact about each Planet Revolves around Sun In 88 days; 0 moons Spins w/ retrograde; 0 moons Excellent Earth Contains life; Water planet; 1 Moon Mother Mars The Red Planet (has red soil); 2 Moons Just Jupiter Largest planet; gas; has 63 moons; Great Red Spot Served Saturn Has well defined ring system; 60 moons Uranus Spins on its side (it barrel rolls); 27 moons Us Nuggets Has the Great Dark Spot; 13 moons Neptune Rock Types List 3 major rock types Igneous Metamorphic Sedimentary Clues Magma/Lava Name the 2 types: 1. intrusive 2. extrusive Heat & Pressure Name the 2 types: 1. foliated 2. non-foliated Can contain fossils Name the 3 types: 1. Chemical 2. Organic 3. clastic/detrital Steps in Hurricane Development Silly Sentence Why Does Science Help Steps in Hurricane Development Tropical wave_ less than 25 mph winds in every direction Tropical depression_25 mph winds; disorganized Tropical storm_ 39 mph winds; minimum damage Hurricane_ 74 mph winds : eye develops; maximum damage Metric abbreviations Gram Meter Liter Abbreviation g m L Instrument used Triple beam balance Meter stick Graduated cylinder What does it measure? mass length volume What do the following Scales measure? Scale Moh’s Scale Saffir-Simpson Scale Richter Scale Enhanced Tropical Cyclone Scale Fujita Scale What it measures Harness of minerals Hurricane Earthquakes Tropical Cyclones Tornadoes What are the ratings? 1 - 10 Category 1 to Category 5 2.5 to 9.0 Category EF0 to Category EF5 F 0 to F 5 Influential Scientists Who Am I? Harry Hess Wegener Ptolemy Copernicus Newton Clues Mapped ocean floor using sonar Believe all continents began as Pangaea Scientist associated with Geocentric View Scientist associated with the Heliocentric View Law of Motion Renewable vs Non Renewable Resources Name 4 Renewable resources wind timber cotton paper What makes it renewable? A natural resource capable of being replaced. It can replace itself AS FAST as or FASTER than it is consumed. Name 4 non-renewable resources coal metal oils Natural Gas What makes it non-renewable? A natural resource which cannot be produced, grown. Once used it’s there is no more remaining. Cloud Types Cloud Type stratus cumulus cirrus cumulonimbus Clue Looks like a grey blanket brings rain/snow Looks like cotton balls-white & fluffy High wispy, has ice crystals Very tall clouds bring thunder & lightening Fronts Front Name 1. 2. 3. 4. Cold Warm Stationary Occluded Description of Front 1. bring cold weather; air mass moves in quickly; thunderstorms 2. bring warm weather; air mass forced up; light rain 3. two fronts meet; neither advances; steady rain 4. warm front trapped by 2 cold fronts; precipitation then clear weather Global Winds – Name the Global Winds in Order from N to S North Pole Jet Streams Polar Westerlies Horse Latitudes Prevailing Winds Equator (doldrums) Trade Winds Horse Latitudes Westerlies South Pole Pressure Belts Label the Latitudes – High or Low Pressure 9O North High 60 North Low 30 North High 0-Equator Low 30 South High 60 South Low 90 South High What type of Weather is found at a Low Pressure belts? Rainy Names of AIR MASS cA_ Continental Artic cP-Continental Polar Description of the air mass Freezing Artic (Polar Artic Circle) cold & dry found at a High Pressure belt? Clear/ Fair Air Mass Wha t type of Wea ther is cT-Continental Tropical mT-Maritime Tropical mP-Maritime Polar Warm & dry Warm & moist Cold & moist
