Download Chapter 01 EOC

Chapter 1 Introducing Hardware
Multiple Choice
Select the best answer.
1. Which of these is not something an electronic hardware devices needs in order to
function?
a. method for the CPU to communicate with the device
b. software to instruct and control the device
c. flash ROM to store instructions permanently
d. electricity to power the device
2. How many bits are in a byte?
a. 16
b. 8
c. 4
d. 2
3. Which of the following does not protect your computer from electrical issues?
a. surge condtioner
b. UPS
c. surge suppressor
d. power conditioner
4. Which of these ports is not found coming directly off the motherboard to be used
by external devices?
a. serial port
b. peripheral port
c. parallel port
d. USB port
5. Which of these is not a way that configuration information can be stored on a
motherboard?
a. traces
b. jumpers
c. CMOS configuration chip
d. switches
Correct answers:
1 c
2 b
3 a
4 b
5 a
Fill-in-the-Blank
Write the word or phrase to fill in the blank in each of the following
questions.
1. Input, processing, output, and _______ are the four primary functions of
hardware.
2. The computer could not do its job without the assistance of the ________, a
group of microchips on the motherboard that control the flow of data and
instructions to and from the CPU.
3. The motherboard also is referred to as the main board or _____________.
4. A measure called _________ indicates the maximum voltage the entire surge
suppressor allows to reach your equipment.
5. ROM BIOS chips that can be upgraded without replacing the chips are called
________.
6. _________ is a standard that defines how the motherboard communicates with
secondary storage devices.
7. __________, commonly known as static electricity, is an electrical charge at rest
which can build up on the surface of insulating materials.
8. A __________ is an antistatic strap you wear around your wrist.
9. A ________ is a board that hopes microchips and the circuitry that connects these
chips.
10. Devices that the CPU communicates with that are not directly on the
motherboard are called ______ devices.
Correct answers
1. storage
2. chip set
3. system board
4. let-through voltage
5. Flash ROM
6. EIDE (enhanced integrated drive electronics)
7. electrostatic discharge (ESD)
8. ground bracelet
9. circuit board
10. peripheral
Matching Terms
Match the terms with their definitions.
___ 1. volatile
___ 2. hertz (Hz)
a. component on the motherboard used primarily for
processing
b. refers to temporary memory that needs a constant
electrical charge to hold data
___ 3. bit
c. unit of measurement for clock speed (frequency)
___ 4. motherboard
d. a 0 or 1 used by the binary number system
e. basic input/output system; firmware that controls much of
a computer’s input and output functions
f. provides a grounded surface on which to work
g. provides backup power in the event that the power fails
completely during a blackout.
___ 5. UPS
___ 6. BIOS
___ 7. power supply
___ 8. data bus
___ 9. ground mat
___ 10. CPU
h. largest and most important circuit board in a computer
i. box inside the computer case that supplies power to the
motherboard and other devices
j. lines on a bus that the CPU uses to send and receive data
Correct Answers
_b_ 1. volatile
_c_ 2. hertz (Hz)
_d_ 3. bit
_h_ 4. motherboard
_g_ 5. UPS
_e_ 6. BIOS
_i_ 7. power supply
_j_ 8. data bus
_f_ 9. ground mat
_a_ 10. CPU
a. component on the motherboard used primarily for
processing
b. refers to temporary memory that needs a constant
electrical charge to hold data
c. unit of measurement for clock speed (frequency)
d. a 0 or 1 used by the binary number system
e. basic input/output system; firmware that controls much of
a computer’s input and output functions
f. provides a grounded surface on which to work
g. provides backup power in the event that the power fails
completely during a blackout.
h. largest and most important circuit board in a computer
i. box inside the computer case that supplies power to the
motherboard and other devices
j. lines on the system bus that the CPU uses to send and
receive data
Short Answer Questions
Write a brief answer to each of the following questions.
1. Based on what you have learned in this chapter, when working on a Word
document, why is it important to save your work often? Explain your answer
using the two terms, primary storage and secondary storage.
2. Why do you think the trend is to store configuration information on a
motherboard in CMOS setup rather than by using jumpers or switches?
3. Why would it be difficult to install four hard drives, one CD-ROM drive, and one
DVD drive in a single system?
4. What is the purpose of an expansion slot on a motherboard?
5. What are some important safety precautions to take when working on a
computer system?
Correct answers
1. Because data is temporarily stored in RAM or primary storage, which is volatile. If
the power is lost, all data in primary storage is lost. In order to secure the data, it
must be copied from primary storage to secondary storage, such as a hard drive or
floppy disk, which is nonvolatile or permanent storage.
2. Possible answers:
 Because changing setup using jumpers or switches requires opening the
computer case, and CMOS setup is easier to change.
 Because there are many more settings on today’s newer motherboards that
would require too many jumpers and switches
3. These types of drives are normally EIDE devices, and a system can only hold four
EIDE devices. Also, most computer cases don’t have enough bays to hold this many
4. An expansion slot on a motherboard is used for an expansion card, which enables
a device that is not on the motherboard to communicate with the CPU.
5. Possible answers are listed in Figure 1-32 in Chapter 1. These include the
following:
 Make notes as you work so that you can backtrack later if necessary.
 When unpacking hardware or software, remove the packing tape and
cellophane from the work area as soon as possible.
 Keep components away from your hair and clothing.
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Keep screws and spacers orderly and in one place, such as a cup or tray.
Do not stack boards on top of each other; you accidentally could dislodge a
chip.
When handling motherboards and expansion cards, do not touch the chips on
the boards.
Hold expansion cards by the edges. Do not touch any soldered components
on a card, and do not touch chips or edge connectors unless it is absolutely
necessary. Do not touch a chip with a magnetized screwdriver.
Do not use a graphite pencil to change DIP switch settings, because graphite
is a conductor of electricity, and the graphite can lodge in the switch.
Always turn off a computer before moving it. A computer’s hard drive always
spins while it is on, unless it has a sleep mode. Therefore, it is important not
to move, kick, or jar a computer while it is running.
To protect disks, keep them away from magnetic fields, heat, and extreme
cold. Do not open the shuttle window on a floppy disk or touch the disk’s
surface.
To protect both you and the equipment when working inside a computer, turn
off the power, unplug the computer, and always use a ground bracelet. Never
touch the inside of a computer that is turned on.
Consider the monitor and the power supply to be black boxes. Never remove
the cover or put your hands inside this equipment unless you know about the
hazards of charged capacitors and have been trained to deal with them. Both
the power supply and the monitor can hold a dangerous level of electricity
even after you turn them off and disconnect them from a power source. The
power supply and monitor contain enough power to kill you, even when they
are unplugged.
In a classroom environment, after you have reassembled everything, have
your instructor check your work before you put the cover back on and power
up.