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Chapter 22 Notes – Venus Astronomy Name: Pd I. Venus and Mars A. Two most similar planets to _______________ i. Similar in size and ____________ ii. Same part of the _______________ system iii. Atmosphere iv. Similar ______________ structure B. Yet, no _________ is possible on either one of them. II. The Atmosphere of Venus A. __________ thick cloud layers (surface ______________ to us from Earth) B. Extremely Inhospitable: i. ___________% carbon dioxide – very efficient “greenhouse” ii. ________% nitrogen iii. Rest: water, ________________ acid, hydrofluoric acid C. Very stable ___________________ patterns with hgh-speed winds (up to ___________ km/hr) D. Extremely high surface temperature up to 745 K (= _________ F) III. The Surface of Venus A. Early radar images already revealed mountains, ______________, and craters. B. More details from orbiting and landing spacecraft: i. _______________ 13 photographed the surface of Venus ii. colors on Venus are modified by Venus’s _________________ iii. What color does Venus’s surface look after correction for color modification? IV. Radar Map of Venus’s Surface A. Scattered impact _________________ B. Volcanic regions C. _______________ lava flow V. Surface Features on Venus A. Smooth ____________________ B. Highland regions C. Maxwell Montes are ___________ higher than Mt. Everest! VI. Craters on Venus A. Nearly ______________ impact craters on Venus’s surface: i. Surface not very ______________ ii. No _______________ on the surface; thick, dense atmosphere iii. No ________________ iv. Craters appear _____________ and fresh VII. Shield Volcanoes A. Found above ___________ spots B. Fluid magma chamber, from which lava erupts __________________ through surface layers above C. All volcanoes on ________________ and Mars are shied volcanoes D. Tectonic plates moving over _________ ____________ producing shield volcanoes -> chains of volcanoes (Example: The Hawaiian Islands) VIII. Volcanic Features on Venus A. Lava Flow Channels: Some lava flows ___________________ after molten lava drained away B. Coronae: Circular _____________ formed by volcanic activity C. Pancake Domes: Associated with _____________ activity forming coronae IX. The Rotation of Venus A. Almost all planets rotate _______________________ B. Exceptions: _________________, Uranus C. Venus rotates ___________________ with rotational period slightly ______________ than orbital period D. Possible reasons: i. Off-center collision with massive ___________________ ii. Tidal forces of the ____________ on molten core and dense _____________________
