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Rocks Study Guide
1. In the rock cycle, how would metamorphic rock become magma? It would melt
2. Describe a pathway through the rock cycle Cools forming Igneous rock. Its weathered and eroded into sediments. The
in which magma becomes sedimentary rock. sediments are compacted and cemented forming sedimentary rock.
3. In general, what are rocks made of? Minerals and other things
4. Where does the heat that changes a rock into metamorphic rock from? The mantle
5. What is the name of sedimentary rock that is made up of rounded fragments?
Conglomerate
6. What step in the rock cycle would be
Weathering and Erosion followed by compaction and
required to change granite into sandstone?
cementation
7. How do geologists
classify metamorphic rock?
Arrangement of the grains
8. When forces inside Earth push rock down towards the mantle,
Metamorphic
what kind of rock would form?
9. What step in the rock cycle helps sedimentary rock to form?
Compaction and cementation
It would have to be pushed into the mantle and the pressure and heat of that
10. Why would sedimentary rock have to
process would change it into metamorphic rock. When its pushed deep
become metamorphic rock before it becomes
enough it would melt into magma
magma?
11. What two pathways in the rock cycle could Directly to metamorphic with heat and pressure or
igneous rock take to become metamorphic
become sedimentary rock first then metamorphic.
roc,?
12. Can metamorphic rock that is nonfoliated split into layers?
No
13. What is the term used to describe metamorphic rock that has grains arranged Foliated
in parallel layers?
14. How do geologists classify metamorphic
Arrangement of the grains
rock?
15. What type or types of rock can change into sedimentary rock? All types
16. What do we call the series of processes on Earth’s surface and its The Rock Cycle
interior that changes rock from one kind to another?
17. What do we call the texture of an igneous rock that has large crystals Porphritic
scattered on a background of smaller crystals?
18. Where does most metamorphic rock form? Deep inside the Earth
19. What term is used to describe the texture of a rock whose grains are Course-grained
large and easy to see?
20. What type of igneous rock forms from lava that erupts onto Earth’s
Extrusive Igneous Rock
surface?
21, What type of igneous rock forms when magma cools below Earth’s
Intrusive Igneous Rock
surface?
22. What do geologists look at when they want Size and shape of the grains
to describe a rock’s texture?
23. In the rock cycle, what happens to lava and magma once they cool and
Forms igneous rock
harden?
24. What do we call the texture of an igneous rock whose grains Fine-grained
are hard to see?
25. Label the process involved in the rock cycle that change one type of rock into another.
Match the above rocks with the correct rock from the following list: slate, breccia, granite, limestone, conglomerate,
gneiss. Classify the rock into one of the three major rock groups and explain how it formed.
Rock Name
Rock Type
Rock A.
Granite
Igneous
Rock B.
Gneise
Metamorphic
Rock C.
Conglomerate
Sedimentary
Weather and Erosion of existing rock forming sediments which are
then compacted and cemented together.
Rock D.
Breccia
Sedimentary
Weather and Erosion of existing rock forming sediments which are
then compacted and cemented together
Rock E.
Limestone
Sedimentary
Shells of dead animals cemented together
Rock F.
Slate
Metamorphic
.
How did it form
Cooling of magma
Heat and pressure on an existing rock (granite)
Heat and pressure exerted on existing rock (shale)