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World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
Multiple Choice: On the scantron answer sheet darken the letter on the answer sheet of MOST CORRECT
answer.
1.
In 1789, the French National Assembly issued the “Declaration of the Rights of Man,” based in part on
the concepts expressed in the U.S. Declaration of Independence in 1776. Both documents reflected the
Enlightenment belief that governments exist to protect the natural rights of citizens. What developments
in France and the United States attempted to assure the implementation of this concept of government?
A. drafting constitutional protections
C. gaining additional territory
B. restoring monarchical rule
D. expanding the slave trade
2. Which of these is likely to be found in a nation ruled by a dictatorship?
A. a free press
C. due process of law
B. a secret police
D. active labor union
3. In a democracy, the source of authority for the government is the
A. head of state.
C. courts.
B. legislature.
D. people.
4.
The concepts of equality and democracy were basic to the U.S. Constitution. Yet many Americans in
the 19th century did not consider Indian nations worthy of concern or protection. This resulted in
discrimination and conflict between European settlers and Native Americans.
For example, many Native Americans were
A. displaced from their former
C. forced to maintain their cultural heritage.
homelands.
D. persecuted for killing buffalo on the Great
B. prevented from trading with
Plains.
European settlers.
6.
Which of the following duties is the primary responsibility of the legislative branch of government?
A. Carrying out the laws
B. Interpreting laws
C. Establishing courts
D. Issuing warrants
7. The cartoon above could be described as
A. an objective source of factual information.
B. a biased criticism of increases in defense spending.
C. a biased criticism of increases in the federal budget.
D. a biased criticism of increases in spending on social programs. supported withdrawing from the
United Nations.
1
World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
8.
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
During the Industrial Revolution of the late 19th century, farmers in the United States worked to
increase their land holdings and modernize their equipment. A lasting effect of these changes was
A. higher prices for crops.
C. a shortage of land for farming.
B. increased rural population
D. greater productivity of farm
density.
9. In the United States, a citizen’s exercise of speech and expression may be legally restricted when that
individual
A. threatens public safety.
C. criticizes public officials.
B. opposes public opinion.
D. condemns public institutions.
10. Which of the following describes a system of government in which the people elect a prime minister
and members of a parliamentary assembly?
A. a representative democracy
C. autocracy
B. a military dictatorship
D. an aristocracy
11. Lena was visiting an aunt in a small foreign country. One morning her aunt woke her with the news
that there was no longer any government and the people were doing as they pleased. Which of the
following is the word usually used to describe that situation?
A. tyranny
B. over reaction
C. anarchy
D. exciting
12. Below are two points of view about a local landfill.
From a local citizens group:
“Unless the local landfill is closed down, the health of community residents
will continue to suffer. The cost of finding a new landfill site is no longer the issue. Far more
important are the proven health risks of toxic waste leakage.”
From a county environmental safety official:
“While there is always some health risk from landfills, the risk from our local landfill has proven to
be very small. However, capacity is becoming a
problem. Whatever the cost, we will need to find a new landfill site within the next year or the
health of our citizens will become a real concern.”
Which statement about the two points of view presented above is accurate?
A. The point of view of the county official includes data to support it.
B. The point of view of the citizens group is composed of facts.
C. Both points of view fail to mention their sources of information.
D. Both points of view include support from reliable sources of information.
13. Natural law was a fundamental idea of the Enlightenment. Which concept is an application of natural
law to the government’s role in the economic lives of its citizens?
A. free markets based on supply and demand
B. government control to achieve a favorable balance of trade
C. agriculture based on tenant farming and serfdom
D. lower taxes on the most privileged groups in society.
14. The 1890 U.S. Census led some people to conclude that there was no longer a frontier line in the
West. Early in the 20th century, President Theodore Roosevelt advocated the conservation of the
nation’s natural resources.
These events signaled a change in how people perceived
A. farmland.
C. wilderness areas.
B. urban areas.
D. centers of industry and
technology.
2
World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
15. A newspaper prints an article on a controversial political issue.
This article could be considered biased if its author
A. formed logical conclusions based
C. presented statistical information on
on fact.
the issue.
B. contacted supporters of only one
D. included information that had not
side.
been published before
16.
During World War II, Japanese-Americans were relocated from their homes on the West Coast of
the United States to internment camps in the U.S. interior. This action indicated a widespread fear
that Japanese-Americans were
A. a threat to national security.
B. members of the Communist Party.
C. competitors for jobs in wartime factories.
D. immigrating to the United States in large number
17. Which of the following official positions in the federal government is usually filled by appointment?
A. Member of the House of Representatives
D. attorney general of the United States
B. president of the United States
E. none of the above
C. Member of the Senate
18. A newspaper prints an article on a controversial political issue. This article could be considered
biased if its author
A. formed logical conclusions based on fact.
B. contacted supporters of only one side.
C. presented statistical information on the issue.
D. included information that had not been published before.
19. During the Enlightenment, a number of writers explored the relationship between governments and
the people they governed. For example, Rousseau wrote The Social Contract, in which he examined
ideas about majority will and the common good.
How did these ideas influence the American and French Revolutions?
A. They encouraged loyalty to established governments.
B. They supported movements for social and political change.
C. They encouraged the formation of American and French constitutional monarchies.
D. They supported the efforts of governments to maintain control over their subjects.
3
World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
20. The above cartoon appeared in Indian Country Today, a Native American newspaper. This cartoon
reflects the perspective that Native American cultures existed in North America before the arrival of
Europeans. This perspective has inspired Native American groups to
A. abandon native languages.
B. celebrate Native American culture.
C. abandon traditional fishing and hunting methods.
D. avoid serving in the armed forces of the United States.
21. Actions such as those shown in the picture above helped bring about
A. the decision in Plessey v. Ferguson.
C. the 19th Amendment.
B. the decision in Brown v. Board of
D. the 26th Amendment.
Education.
22. Jim Crow laws, which were passed in Southern states following Reconstruction, were intended to
A. support the goals of the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments.
B. encourage African-Americans to buy their own farms.
C. provide basic education to former slaves.
D. institute racial segregation.
4
World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
23. Consider the following changes that occurred in the United States in the late 19th century:
• improvements in agricultural production;
• increases in immigration from Europe;
• advancements in networks of railroad and streetcar lines.
These changes led to the
A. rapid growth of urban areas.
B. acquisition of overseas territories.
C. elimination of large suburbs around many
cities.
D. movement of people from the urban to the
rural area
24. The data above support the thesis that between 1990 and 2000
A. the price of newspapers decreased steadily.
B. information in newspapers became more reliable.
C. people became more informed about world events.
D. people decreasingly relied on newspapers as a source of information
25. Governor Stone is running for re-election. In a letter to the editor of a local newspaper, a citizen
writes:
The past four years have been devastating for our state. Governor Stone hasn’t done anything but
make speeches and raise money for his next political campaign. The average family has less
today than it did four years ago.
In another letter, Governor Stone replies:
The economy of our state is stronger than it was four years ago. The average family income has
increased three percent, after adjustments for inflation. School funding has increased 23 percent.
The state repaved 5,000 miles of four-lane highway. If re-elected, you can count on me to continue
to improve the quality of life in our state.
Governor Stone’s statement could be reliable because
A. it was printed in the newspaper.
B. Governor Stone is an elected official
C. it contains information that can be verified
D. the original letter writer represents the average family.
.
26. Which of the following statements about MONARCHIES is FALSE?
A. A monarchy is a government ruled by a king or queen.
B. A monarchy in which the ruler has unlimited power is an absolute monarchy and the ruler is an
absolute monarch.
C. In a monarchy the king or queen inherits the position from a member of his or her family.
D. An absolute monarchy in which the ruler makes a set of laws called a constitution is a
constitutional monarchy.
5
World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
27. Which of the following is most likely to occur in a dictatorship?
A. The government can take immediate actions by making decisions without the citizen’s consent.
B. The people can control the actions of the government by electing representatives to the
government.
C. The people will be protected by the rule of law.
D. The government will obey specific limits on its power
28. What was one cause of the pattern of economic activity shown in the graph above?
A. improvements in technology
C. advances in communication
B. decreases in urbanization
D. reduced population growth
29. Which of the following official positions in the federal government is usually filled by election?
A. Supreme Court justice of the United
C. secretary of defense of the United States
States
D. attorney general of the United States
B. president of the United States
30. In the United States, a citizen’s exercise of speech and expression may be legally restricted when that
individual
A. threatens public safety.
C. criticizes public officials.
B. opposes public opinion.
D. condemns public institution
31. Which level of government is responsible for coining the money we use?
A. city government
C. state government
B. county government
D. national government
32. Which of the following duties is the primary responsibility of the executive branch?
A. carrying out the law
B. interpreting laws
C. establishing courts
D. issuing warrants
33. Which of the following duties is the primary responsibility of the judicial branch of government?
A. Carrying out the laws
B. Interpreting laws
C. Establishing courts
D. Issuing warrants
6
World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
34. Following World War I, Great Britain was given a mandate (order) by the League of Nations to govern
Palestine. Jewish immigration to Palestine greatly increased during the 1930s and 1940s. Violence
erupted between Palestinian Arabs and Jewish people. Unable to resolve the conflict, Britain turned
the problem over to the United Nations. The maps on the previous page show changes to this region
as a result of the U.N. Partition Plan of 1947.
According to the maps on the previous page, how did the U.N. Partition Plan propose to prevent
further violence between Palestinian Arabs and Jewish people?
A. The physical features of the region were used to separate the Jewish people from the Palestinian
Arabs.
B. An economic union was created that made the Jewish people and the Palestinian Arabs
dependent on each other.
C. Two political regions were created in order to divide the control of Palestine between the Jewish
people and the Palestinian Arabs.
D. Palestine was placed under the jurisdiction of the United Nations, and its boundaries were
redrawn to include Jewish people and Palestinian Arabs.
7
World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
Multiple Choice: On the Scantron answer sheet darken the letter on the answer sheet of MOST
CORRECT answer.
35. ________ thinkers examined and challenged traditional views of government.
a. Enlightenment
c. Revisionists
b. Renaissance
d. Humanists
36. The belief that truth can be determined solely by logical thinking was called ________ during the Age
of Enlightenment.
a. humanism
c self-determination
b. rationalism
d. modernists
37. A group of Enlightenment philosophers published _______ a sort of handbook describing the ideas
of the Enlightenment.
a. The Enlightened Doctrine
c. The Dictionary
b. The Encyclopedia
d. The Thesaurus
38. While many Enlightenment philosophers disliked absolute monarchy most of them favored the idea of
________.
a. popular sovereignty
c. Latin republican
b. enlightened despotism
d. conservative monarchy
39. Scholars organized all of French law into a system known as the ________.
a. Napoléonic Code
c. Plebiscite
b. Concordat
d. soufflé
40. Although they did not mean to do so, the French increased the feeling of ________, the love of one's
country, in the people they conquered.
a. nationalism
c. plebiscite
b. patriotism
d. republicanism
41. Saving Great Britain from an invasion, British Vice Admiral ________ led a force that defeated a
combined Spanish and French fleet off the coast of Spain.
a. Matthew Perry
c. Duke Wellington
b. Horatio Nelson
d. Luke Duke
42. The term ________ describes an economic system in which individuals or corporations, rather than
governments, control the factors of production.
a. communism
c. capitalism
b. mercantilism
d. cartelism
43. Division of labor, the use of interchangeable parts, and an assembly line are essential for ________.
a. mass production
c. industrial capitalism
b. a successful corporation
d. factors of production
44. Businesses owned and run by just one person are called ________, and the owner is responsible for
any business debts.
a. single corporations
c. closed shops
b. sole proprietorships
d. union shops
45. A form of business organization called a ________ was created in the 1800s, and it allowed
businesses to become very large and powerful.
a. corporation
c. conglomerate
b. nonprofit
d. proprietary
8
World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
46. A corporation that gained almost complete control of the production or sale of a single good or service
is said to have formed a ________.
a. cartel
c. monopoly
b. conglomerate
d. risk
47. Business organizations known as ________ controlled every stage of entire industries.
a. cartels
c. monopolies
b. conglomerates
d. nonprofit
48. The pattern of alternating periods of prosperity and decline brought about by the Industrial Revolution
came to be called the ________.
a. depression
c. cost of industrialization
b. business cycle
d. recession
49. The application of scientific solutions to industrial problems ________.
a. led to the creation of new products and materials.
b. slowed the development of new sources of power.
c. led to a down-swing in production.
d. caused unemployment
50. In 1879 ________ created a light bulb that glowed for two days before burning out, and this eventually
became the new source of light for homes, streets, and factories.
a. Thomas Edison
c. Wilbur and Orville Wright
b. Marconi
d. Michael Faraday
51. In 1876 ________ patented his telephone, which transmitted the human voice over a long distance by
means of an electrical circuit through a wire.
a. Wilbur and Orville Wright
c. Marconi
b. Michael Faraday
d. Alexander Graham Bell
52. The development of engines that carried their own energy supply allowed Frank Duryea to build the
first successful gasoline-driven ________ in the United States.
a. automobile
c. internal combustion engine
b. motorboat
d. airplane
53. Brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright were the first people to develop a working ________.
a. automobile
c. internal combustion engine
b. motorboat
d. airplane
54. The scientific principles that govern the movement of air around objects are called ________.
a. Wrightness
c. aerodynamics
b. particle acceleration
d. DeVinci Code
55. The kerosene lamp and the internal combustion engine created a great demand for ________ during
the 1800s.
a. whale blubber
c. petroleum
b. pitch
d. electricity
56. Branches of knowledge that scientifically study people as members of society are collectively called
the ________.
a. psychiatric sciences
c. sociological sciences
b. criminology
d. social sciences
9
World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
57. The study of _______ changed dramatically during the 1800s, as scholars increasingly based their
writings on the systematic study of original materials and the careful organization of facts.
a. economics
c. history
b. politics
d. genetics
58. According to ________, people who acquired wealth and power did so because of their superior
abilities, while unfit people remained poor.
a. social Darwinism
c. Sigmund Freud
b. psychoanalysis
d. Henry Fulton
59. French philosopher ________ argued that sociologists should follow scientific methods by using
objective facts, not personal interpretations.
a. Auguste Comte
c. Jane Addams
b. Sigmund Freud
d. Marie Currie’
60. By working with dogs, ________ concluded that human actions are responses to outside stimuli and
can be changed by training.
a. Ivan Pavlov
c. Walter Camp
b. Sigmund Freud
d. James George Frazer
61. _________ introduced the idea of the unconscious and believed that dreams express one's
unconscious desires or fears.
a. Walter Camp
c. Walter Camp
b. Sigmund Freud
d. James George Frazer
62. ________ introduced professional nursing of the wounded during the Crimean War.
a. Lucretia Mott
c. Florence Nightingale
b. Jane Addams
d. Susan Jewett
63. ________ goaded the French into a war because he thought that it would help him to unite the
German states under Prussia's leadership.
a. Louis-Napoléon
c. King William III
b. King Ludwig
d. Otto von Bismarck
64. Under the Treaty of ________, which ended the Franco-Prussian War, France was forced to give up
two regions along the French-German border, Alsace and a part of Lorraine.
a. Bruges
c. Frankfurt
b. Naples
d. Salzburg
65. Political extremists, who opposed all government, called ________ waged terrorist campaigns in
France.
a. anarchists
c. the plebiscite
b. Communards
d. Nihilists
66. In 1894 French army captain ________ was accused and convicted of giving French military secrets
to Germany.
a. Matthew Perry
c. Toussaint-Louvertur
b. Alfred Dreyfus
d. Arthur Camelot
10
World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
Fill-in: Using the word list below, please darken the correct letter of the corresponding question.
a. American Bill of Rights
b. English Bill of Rights
c. John Locke
d. Thomas Hobbes
e. head of state
ab. Constitution
ac. English Revolution
ad. Rump Parliament
ae. Petition of Right
bc. Stamp Act
67. _________________________document from Parliament that stated the king could not tax the
people without the agreement of Parliament
68. _________________________Proclaimed England a commonwealth, or republic.
69. _________________________Some historians use this name to describe the civil
70. __________________a document outlining the basic laws and principles that govern a nation
71. In Britain's limited constitutional monarchy, the monarch remains as __________, but royal powers
are limited by a constitution.
72. __________, author of the book Leviathan, believed that people acted from self-interest and without
regard for the rights or welfare of others.
73. The English philosopher __________ argued that the social contract only required people to give up
some of their individual rights.
74. The __________ declared that Parliament would choose who ruled England, gave the right of free
speech for members of Parliament, and protected private citizens.
75. _________________________"I was created to soothe some Americans' fears that the Constitution
did not protect the rights of individuals."
76. _________________________"I am a tax on all sorts of documents, including wills, contracts, and
mortgages."
Fill-in: Using the word list below, please darken the correct letter of the corresponding question.
a. Napoléon Bonaparte
d. Republic of Virtue
ad. John Locke
b. The Directory
e. Conscription
ae. Constitution
c. Universal Manhood
ab. Articles of Confederation
bc. Reign of Terror
Suffrage
ac. Thomas Jefferson
77. _________________________"I set up a central government but kept it very weak since a strong
central government might become oppressive."
78. _________________________"I am the principal author of the Declaration of Independence.
79. The ideas in the American Declaration of Independence and the French Declaration of the Rights of
Man and of the Citizen were influenced by the English philosopher _____________.
80. The ___________ of 1791 greatly limited the powers of the king and divided the French government
into three branches.
81. _________________the suppression of all opposition to and revolts against the National Convention
82, ____________________Frenchman who is considered to be one of the greatest generals of all time
83. _________________________French government that declared the end of the monarchy and the
beginning of the republic
84. _________________________the right of every adult male to vote
85. _________________________a democratic republic in which people acted according to the
principles of good citizenship
86. __________________ Requires unmarried, able-bodied men of a certain age to serve in the military.
11
World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
Fill-in: Using the word list below, please darken the correct letter of the corresponding question.
a. the factors of production
e. Jethro Tull
ae. Adam Smith
b. cotton gin
ab. Charles Dickens
bc. Collective Bargaining
c. Robert Fulton
ac. free Enterprise
d. crop rotation
ad. strike
87. The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain because that country had the necessary combination
of land, capital, and labor, or what economists call ____________ .
88. Eli Whitney's _____________ allowed the southern United States to become the cotton-producing
center of the world
89. American engineer __________ built the first profitable steamboat, the Clermont.
90. The system of __________ helped farmers to produce more crops on the same amount of land.
91. _________ invented a seed drill that made it possible to plant seeds in straight rows, allowing
farmers to stop the wasteful practice of hand-scattering seed.
92. ______________"I used my personal experiences in my novels, which attacked greedy employers."
93. ________________________"I am the belief that economic forces work best if producers simply do
business for their own gain, without governmental controls."
94. _________________________"I am a method of collective action in which workers stop working to
protest unfair conditions."
95. _________________________"I reasoned that two natural laws govern all economic activity—the
law of supply and demand and the law of competition."
96. _________________________"I am a process of negotiation in which unions and management
come to agreement on working conditions, wages, and hours."
Fill-in: Using the word list below, please darken the correct letter of the corresponding question.
a. Emancipation
ad. communism
d. People’s Charter
Proclamation
ae. Karl Marx
e. Genetics
b. immigration
ab. Albert Einstein
bc. laissez-faire
c. Suffrage
ac. Charles Darwin
97. _________________________"I am the idea that government should not meddle in the operations
98. ___________ and Friedrich Engels published The Communist Manifesto in 1848, in which they
argued that the capitalist system should be destroyed.
99. The economic and political system in which governments own the means of production and control
all economic planning is known today as , __________ or authoritarian socialism.
100. _________________________"I am the naturalist who published a theory of evolution in 1859."
101. _________________________"I published four papers that forever changed physics."
102. _________________________"I am the study of how the inborn characteristics of plants and
animals are inherited by their descendants."
103. _________"I am a reform measure that demanded universal manhood sufferage and a secret ballot.
104. _________________________"I am the right to vote."
105. During the mid- to late-1800s __________ from Europe and Latin America helped make the
population of the United States more diverse.
106. In 1863 the ______________ freed slaves in those parts of the United States still in rebellion and
signaled that slavery would end everywhere with the end of the war.
12
World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
Fill-in: Using the word list below, please darken the correct letter of the corresponding question.
a. Versailles
e. Emancipation Edict
ae. Prague
b. federal
ab. 19th
bc. French
c. Pogroms
ac. 13th
d. Russification
ad. Otto von Bismarck
107. The _______ Amendment to the U.S. Constitution gave women the right to vote.
108. The ______ Amendment to the Constitution abolished slavery in all states.
109. Prussian leader _________ used war to bring his own brand of nationalism to Germany.
110. The Treaty of ______ , which ended the Seven Weeks' War, dissolved the German Confederation
and forced Austria to surrender Holstein to Prussia.
111. In order to persuade the independent states in southern Germany to join the North German
Confederation, Bismarck provoked the ________ into declaring war on Prussia.
112. On January 18, 1871, representatives of the allied German states met at the Palace of __________
and declared the formation of the German Empire, including all German states except Austria.
113. Bismarck accepted a constitution that united the 25 German states into a _______ form of
government.
114. _________________________riots in which Jews were massacred
115. _________________________program that forced non-Russians in the empire to use the Russian
language, adopt Russian customs, and accept the Orthodox religion
116. _________________________reform document that abolished serfdom in Russia
True and False: On the answer sheet provided, darken the letter “A” if the statement is TOTALLY True.
If the statement is untrue, darken the letter “B”.
____ 117.
After defeating the Spanish Armada, the British began to establish a colonial empire based
on trade.
____ 118.
Increased competition between the leading French trading company and the leading British
trading company led to open conflict between the French and British.
____ 119.
All settlers came to North America voluntarily to find greater political or religious freedom.
____ 120.
The adventurous group of English sea captains that appeared in the second half of the
1500s were called sea dogs.
____ 121.
The Third Estate was comprised of the bourgeoisie, urban workers, artisans, and rural
peasants.
____ 122.
One reason that discontent began to grow in France in the mid-1700s was changing
economic conditions.
____ 123.
Peasants, workers, and the bourgeoisie shared the same ideas and spoke of "liberty" and
"equality" as natural rights.
____ 124.
Louis XV's expensive habits angered the public, as his taxes and borrowing were hurting the
French economy.
____ 125.
In order to try and raise taxes, Louis XVI called for a meeting of the Estates General at
Versailles in 1788.
____ 126.
When the Third Estate declared itself the National Assembly at the meeting of the Estates
General at Versailles, the French Revolution had begun.
13
World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
____ 127.
Prince Metternich of Austria believed in absolute monarchy and used harsh means to stop
revolutionary movements
____ 128.
Reactionaries are people in authority who want drastic changes to take place and want to
upset the balance of power.
____ 129.
Napoléon's conquests had spread new political ideas and feelings of nationalism that the
reactionary powers considered dangerous
____ 130.
After 1815, European governments took a conservative approach in restoring stability to
Europe
____ 131.
During the 1700s new factory jobs lured thousands of British farm workers to the cities;
some critics feared this urban growth would create dangerous social conditions.
____ 132.
The factory system was not that different from the domestic system, since both systems paid
people based on the amount of goods produced.
____ 133.
Since factory owners wanted to produce goods as cheaply as possible, when the cost of
land or capital rose, owners lowered workers' wages.
____ 134.
Factory workers were forced to adjust their lives to the demands of machines, which led
some people to think they were expected to become machines themselves.
____ 135.
As abuses in factories began to scandalize Great Britain, Parliament passed the Factory Act
of 1833 to enforce labor laws that protected women.
____ 136.
Children as young as six worked in factories for 12 to 16 hours a day, six days a week.
____ 137.
The lower classes gained increasing social influence and political power during the Industrial
Revolution.
____ 138.
Women began to stop working in the factories in order to return to the more traditional
woman's job of domestic service since the wages were higher.
____ 139.
During the late 1800s more and more jobs were opened to women, and women's colleges
were founded to improve their education levels.
____ 140.
During the 1800s decreases in population changed the nature of cities, education, and
leisure activities.
____ 141.
The agricultural revolution became the greatest cause of city growth.
____ 142.
The movements of people away from their native lands to foreign lands are called
emigrations.
____ 143.
One reason that people fled from their native lands was to escape oppression and
discrimination.
____ 144.
Jane Addams opened Hull House in 1889 in an effort to provide social services to the poor.
____ 145.
Pasteurization and refrigeration helped make a balanced diet available year-round.
____ 146.
One result of the increased emphasis on education was that more and more people began
to read newspapers, which had begun to print the very latest news.
____ 147.
The 1823 Monroe Doctrine stated that the United States would not interfere in European
affairs or with Europe's remaining colonies in the Western Hemisphere.
14
World History
Mr. Stephens
1st Semester Final Exam
Name_________________
Date _________________
0111777B
____ 148.
Bismarck's anti-Catholic program of Kulturkampf resulted in laws that controlled the Catholic
clergy and schools, expelled the Jesuits, and confiscated church property.
____ 149.
In support of Bismarck's Kulturkampf, the Centre Party doubled in size as many anti-Catholic
liberals joined the party.
____ 150.
In 1869, German socialists formed the Social Democratic Party, whose call for government
ownership of major industries appealed to many urban workers.
____ 151.
Bismarck's conflicts with the new emperor, William II, escalated until the German people
demanded that William step down.
____ 152.
Once Bismarck was out of the way, William II pursued his own policies, which helped
Germany become a leading industrial and military power.
____ 153.
Germany initiated a pioneering program of government-directed social reforms that
effectively ended socialism in Germany.
____ 154.
Bismarck's government encouraged German industrialists to form cartels, or groups of
companies that combine together for greater power in the marketplace in order to control
prices.
____ 155.
Nationalist groups in Austria-Hungary and the Balkans struggled violently for independence.
____ 156.
A significant portion of Hungary was inhabited by Turks, who spoke their own language, had
their own culture, and wanted to rule themselves.
____ 157.
The Dual Monarchy was a practical economic arrangement, since the largely agricultural
Hungary and the largely industrial Austria provided markets for each other.
____ 158.
Russia supported the Balkan nationalists in their struggle for independence because Russia
wanted to gain a water route from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean.
____ 159.
Great Britain supported the Balkan nationalists because it felt obligated to help those trying
to promote democracy.
____ 160.
Angry with the Balkan independence movements, the major European powers met at the
Congress of Berlin to discuss a major military strike in support of the Ottoman Empire.
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