Download 2009 Economics Subject Test Part I. Multiple Choice (30 questions

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2009 Economics Subject Test
Part I. Multiple Choice (30 questions, 60 points in total)
Choose only ONE best answer.
1
E
2
D
3
E
4
B
5
B
6
B
7
D
8
C
9
C
10
A
11
D
12
A
13
C
14
D
15
D
16
D
17
C
18
B
19
A
20
C
21
D
22
B
23
A
24
D
25
C
26
A
27
B
28
D
29
D
30
C
1. An increase in the quantity demanded could be caused by:
a. an increase in the price of substitute goods
b. a decrease in the price of complementary goods
c. an increase in consumer income levels
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
ANS: E
需求
2. The above figure illustrates the labor market for local fast food restaurants.
What would be the effects of a minimum wage imposed at $4 per hour?
a. a shortage of 200 hours
b. a shortage of 100 hours
c. a surplus of 200 hours
d. nothing because the minimum wage has no effect on the equilibrium
price and quantity.
ANS: D
供給與市場均衡
3. In the electric power industry, residential customers have relatively
__________ demands for electricity compared with large industrial users
and generally are charged __________ rates.
a. similar, similar
b. elastic, lower
c. elastic, higher
d. inelastic, lower
e. inelastic, higher
ANS: E
供需彈性
4. The fact that the fourth plate from the “All You Can Eat Country Buffet”
generated more satisfaction than the fifth plate is an example of
a. increasing marginal utility.
b. diminishing marginal utility.
c. diminishing total utility.
d. the “paradox of value.”
e. none of the above
ANS: B
消費者選擇
5. When the wage rate increases from $5.00 to $7.50 per hour, Bob works
more hours because
a. his income effect outweighs his substitution effect.
b. his substitution effect outweighs his income effect.
c. his income and substitution effects offset each other exactly and his
demand for labor increases.
d. his income and substitution effects offset each other exactly and his
supply of labor increases.
ANS: B
消費者選擇
6. For a short-run cost function which of the following statements is (are) not
true?
a. The average fixed cost function is monotonically decreasing.
b. The marginal cost function intersects the average fixed cost function
where the average variable cost function is a minimum.
c. The marginal cost function intersects the average variable cost function
where the average variable cost function is a minimum.
d. The marginal cost function intersects the average total cost function
where the average total cost function is a minimum.
e. b and c
ANS: B
生產理論與成本分析
7. The figure shows the market for books before and after a sales tax is
introduced. The tax on books is ____ a book, buyers pay ____ of tax per
book, and the governments tax revenue is ____a week.
a. $1.20; $0.80; $4
b. $0.80; $1.20; $12
c. $0.40; $0.40; $4
d. $1.20; $0.80; $12
ANS: D
供給與市場均衡
8. If price exceeds average costs under pure competition, more firms will
______ the industry, supply will __________, and price will be driven
__________.
a. enter; decrease; down
b. exit; decrease; up
c. enter; increase; down
d. exit; increase; up
e. none of the above
ANS: C
完全競爭市場
9. A hot dog vendor on a street corner wants to increase the total revenue
from selling hot dogs. The price elasticity of demand for the hot dogs is 1.1.
Hence the vendor will
a. raise the price of a hot dog as high as possible.
b. do whatever it takes to sell as many more hot dogs as possible.
c. lower the price of a hot dog.
d. work harder to reduce the costs of production.
ANS: C
供需彈性
10. For goods and services that are perfect substitutes, the consumer’s
indifference curves are ____ lines.
a. straight, negatively sloped
b. L-shaped
c. negatively sloped, bowed-outward
d. negatively sloped, bowed-inward
ANS: A
消費者選擇
11. The average product of labor reaches its maximum
a. at the minimum point of the total product curve.
b. where the slope of total product curve is steepest.
c. where the slope of the total product curve is zero.
d. where marginal and average product are equal.
ANS: D
生產理論與成本分析
12. The demand curve for a normal good shifts leftward if income ________ or
the expected future price ________.
a. decreases; falls
b. decreases; rises
c. increases; falls
d. increases; rises
ANS: A
需求
13. In perfect competition, the marginal revenue of an individual firm
a. is zero.
b. is positive but less than the price of the product.
c. equals the price of the product.
d. exceeds the price of the product.
ANS: C
完全競爭市場
14. Which of the following is ALWAYS true for a single-price monopolist in
equilibrium?
a. P > MC
b.
c.
d.
e.
P > MR
MR = MC
all of the above
none of the above
ANS: D
獨占與寡占市場
15. Which of the following is FALSE regarding the long run for a firm in
monopolistic competition?
a. The firms can earn an economic profit because of product
differentiation.
b. Marginal cost equals average total cost.
c. Output is produced at minimum average total cost.
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
ANS: D
獨占與寡占市場
16. Trinkets, Inc., an importer of brass items, began the year with an inventory
worth $20 million. At the close of the year, the value of their inventory was
$24 million. If all else was unchanged, we can conclude that
a. net exports increased by $4 million.
b. investment expenditures decreased by $4 million.
c. net exports did not change.
d. investment expenditures increased by $4 million.
e. none of the above
ANS: D
國民所得的衡量
17. If the economy is at the natural rate of unemployment,
a. real GDP > potential GDP.
b. real GDP < potential GDP.
c. real GDP = potential GDP.
d. All of the above can occur when the economy is at the natural rate of
unemployment
ANS: C
失業與通貨膨脹
18. The capital stock ____ depreciation and ____ investment.
a. increases because of; is unaffected by
b. decreases because of; increases because of
c. is unaffected by; is unaffected by
d. increases because of; decreases because of
ANS: B
國民所得的衡量
19. The largest component of GDP in the expenditures approach is
a. personal consumption expenditures.
b. gross private domestic investment.
c. government spending on goods and services.
d. net exports.
e. none of the above
ANS: A
國民所得的衡量
20. Suppose the working age population in Tiny Town is 100 people. If 25 of
these people are NOT in the labor force, the ________ equals ________.
a. unemployment rate; 25/100 × 100
b. unemployment rate; 25/75 × 100
c. labor force; 75
d. labor force; 25/100 × 100
ANS: C
失業與通貨膨脹
21. The real wage rate rises if the money wage rate ________.
a. and the price level change by the same proportion
b. rises and the price level rises by the same percentage
c. rises more slowly than the price level
d. rises more rapidly than the price level
ANS: D
失業與通貨膨脹
22. The natural rate of unemployment
a.
b.
c.
d.
falls with an increase in cyclical unemployment.
rises with an increase in structural unemployment.
rises with an increase in cyclical unemployment.
rises with a decrease in frictional unemployment.
ANS: B
失業與通貨膨脹
23. Suppose that the MPC = 0.75 and there are no taxes or imports. Then a
$100 decrease in autonomous spending causes equilibrium expenditure to
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
decrease by $400.
increase by $400.
decrease by $750.
increase by $750.
none of the above
ANS: A
支出乘數
24. Which of the following will affect the size of the multiplier?
I.
marginal propensity to import
II.
marginal propensity to consume
III. marginal income tax rate
a. I only
b. II only
c. I and II only
d. I, II, and III
ANS: D
支出乘數
25. Measures of Fed policy activity include
I.
The budget deficit or surplus.
II.
The federal funds rate.
III. The growth rate of M2.
a. I and II.
b. I and III.
c. II and III.
d. I, II, and III.
ANS: C
總合供需模型
26. In the above figure, at the price level of 140 and real GDP of
a. $12 trillion, firms will not be able to sell all their output.
b. $4 trillion, firms will not be able to sell all their output.
c. $4 trillion, consumers will not be able to buy all the goods and services
they demand.
d. $12 trillion, consumers will not be able to buy all the goods and
services they demand.
ANS: A
總合供需模型
27. Based on the figure above, short-run equilibrium occurs at the price level
of
a. 120 and real GDP of $4 trillion.
b. 130 and real GDP of $8 trillion.
c. 140 and real GDP of $12 trillion.
d. 130 and real GDP of $12 trillion.
ANS: B
總合供需模型
28. Based on the figure above, the economy will be in a long-run
macroeconomic equilibrium at a price level of
a. 90
b. 100
c. 110
d. 120
e. none of the above
ANS: D
總合供需模型
29. Which of the following is true about the long-run aggregate supply curve?
a. It is vertical at the level of potential GDP.
b. It shows the relationship between the price level and real GDP when
wages and other costs are at an equilibrium level.
c. It does not shift in response to temporary changes in aggregate
demand.
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
ANS: D
總合供需模型
30. When the quantity of capital increases, then the
a. LAS curve shifts rightward and the SAS curve does not shift.
b. SAS curve shifts rightward and the LAS curve does not shift.
c. SAS curve shifts rightward and the LAS curve shifts rightward.
d. SAS curve shifts rightward and the LAS curve does shifts leftward.
ANS: C
總合供需模型
Part II. Essay Questions (4 questions, 10 points each, 40 points in total)
Write your answer in the paper provided. Show your calculations and justifications
to your answer (points are in brackets after the question).
1. Because bagels and cream cheese are often eaten together, they are
complements.
We observe that both the equilibrium price of cream cheese and the
equilibrium quantity of bagels have risen. What could be responsible for
this pattern – a fall in the price of flour or a fall in the price of milk?
Illustrate and explain your answer. (note: flour is an ingredient in bagels,
and milk is an ingredient in cream cheese.)
Answer: a fall in the price of flour.
供給與市場均衡
2. Assume that the market for cardboard is perfectly competitive. In each of
the following scenarios, should a typical firm continue to produce or
should it shut down in the short run? Draw a diagram that illustrates the
firm’s situation in each case.
a. Minimum ATC=$2.00，Minimum AVC=$1.50，Market price=$1.75
b. MR=$1.00，Minimum AVC=$1.50，Minimum ATC=$2.00
Answer:
a. The firm will continue to produce.
At the output where P=$1.75=MR=MC, the competitive firm is making
a loss (P<ATC). However, the firm will still operate since P>AVC so
that it can cover some fixed costs.
MC
$
ATC
AVC
P=1.75
Q
b. The firm will shut down.
When the price (=MR for competitive firm) is $1.00, lower than
minimum AVC, the firm will shut down because when it operates, it
will incur more loss.
MC
$
ATC
AVC
P=1.00
Q
完全競爭市場
3. The below shows the quantities produced in the TCM 101 economy and
the prices in 2005 and 2006. (10%)
2005
2006
(base period)
(current period)
Items Quantities Price Quantities Price
Balls 100
$1
160
$0.5
Bats 20
$5
70
$22.5
a. Use the Chain-Weighted Output index to calculate the growth rate of
real GDP in 2006. (6%)
b. Use the Chain-Weighted Output index to find the real GDP in year
2006. (2%)
c. Continue on b, calculate the GDP deflator in 2006. (2%)
Answer:
a. 2.93.
(1) Nominal GDP in 2005 = $200, and nominal GDP in 2006=$1655.
(2) Value of the 2006 outputs at 2005 prices = $510. Using 2005 prices,
the growth rate is (510-200)/200x100%=155%.
(3) Value of the 2005 outputs at 2006 prices = $500. Using 2006 prices,
the growth rate is (1655-500)/500x100%=231%.
(4) The growth rate of real GDP is (155%+231%)/2=193%
b. $586.
Real GDP in 2005 is $200 and the real growth rate is 193%, so the real
GDP in 2006 is 200x(100%+193%).
c. 282
Nominal GDP/Real GDPx100%=1655/586x100=282
國民所得的衡量
4. According to the classical view, why does an increase in saving not
decrease the total level of spending? Would this be true if interest rate
were not flexible? (10%)
Answer:
If interest rate is flexible (according to the classical view), the increase in
saving will lower the interest rate and raise the private investment so that
aggregate spending does not decrease as a result. In case it is not flexible,
the private investment will not change so that the aggregate spending will
be lower.
Though the increase in saving (decrease in consumption) causes the
aggregate demand to fall below the aggregate supply in the goods market,
it will also cause the interest rate to drop (if it is flexible) in the money
market. As a result, the private investment will increase. The increase in
private investment offsets the drops in aggregate consumption so that the
aggregate spending does not change according to Say’s Law.
However, if the interest rate is not flexible so that this channel through the
money market is blocked, the private investment will not change. The
aggregate spending will decrease if the saving increases.
總合供需模型