Download South Asia: Human Patterns Over Time

South Asia: Human Patterns Over Time
In which country did the Indus Valley Civilization develop?
Pakistan
What are some examples of their advancement in urban development?
Multistory homes with piped water and sewage disposal, planned towns with wide tree-lined
blvds. Laid out in a grid, and building materials
What evidence is there of trade between the Indus Valley, Mesopotamia and eastern Africa?
Beadwork & jewelry
What are the two theories about why the Indus Valley Civilization began to decline?
Geologic & ecological changes, and foreign invaders
Who were the first recorded invaders of S Asia?
Aryans
How does the caste system divide the population?
Hereditary & hierarchical categories
Which other groups invaded the region?
Persians, Turks & Mongolians
Which group spread Islam? When?
Arabs 1000 yrs ago & 1526 Mughals intensified spread
What are some of the contributions that the Mughals left in S Asia?
Architecture, art, literature, Taj Mahal & Agra Fort, paintings, tradition of lyric poetry and the Hindi
Language
Who took control over coastal trading centers and then the interior in the 1750’s?
British East India Company
What was their hope for Afghanistan?
To create a buffer state against the Russians
Who were the resources to benefit?
Britain
How did a strong textile industry in Bangladesh diminish?
Because of mechanized textile industry in Britain developed and made it cheaper, they did not
allow people in Bangladesh to produce any cloth
Most people who lost their jobs were forced to do what?
Find work as landless laborers in agriculture, some migrated to the cities, or became indentured
laborers in other British colonies
What is jute?
Fiber used in sacks and rope
How did British colonial economic policy encourage population growth?
Had farmers been able to become industrial workers/business owners they might have favored
smaller families
What are some of the benefits of British colonization of S Asia?
Built railroad system that boosted trade and eased transportation, and English became the 2nd
language
Who was Mohandas Gandhi? What methods of protest did he use?
Merchant working in South Africa that protested the treatment of Indians by the British/
Civil Disobedience (nonviolent resistance)
When did India receive its independence?
1947
What two countries were created? Why?
India (for Hindus) and Pakistan (for Muslims). Muslims were concerned about their fate as a
minority
What is the “divide-and-rule” tactic? How did this influence the region?
Favored interest of minorities in order to weaken the power of the majorities that could threaten
British authority; led to wars, strained relations and led to an arms race
What type of traditions is the region trying to dismantle?
Age old traditions that hold back poor, low-caste Hindus, women and other disadvantaged groups
What makes up a larger portion of the GDP in the region?
Industry & services
How did Bangladesh become an independent nation?
Struggle over cultural differences, economic disparity and geographic separation but the West
held government and military, Civil War broke out after elections favored the East
What threatens the stability of the region?
Growing population is placing stress on environment, uneven distribution of resources and
economic prosperity
How did Indian Diaspora occur and what is the most socially visible member of the S Asian
Diaspora? How are they helping the Indian economy?
-Set of all people of South Asian origin living abroad
-Professionals in medicine, science and information technology who settled in North America,
Australia, New Zealand and Europe
-Sending millions of dollars to their families