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Vocab for India Subcontinent A large landmass that juts out of a continent into the ocean. Monsoon Very strong winds that blow during a certain time of year in India. Mohenjo- An ancient civilization located in the Indus River valley that had Daro very advanced technology for its time (ex: an irrigation system) Indus River A river that is located in Pakistan today. The area around the Indus River is very fertile, which is one of the reasons why people settled there in ancient times. Ganges A river that is located in North-East India. It is considered a holy River place for those that are Hindu. Himalayan A large mountain range that is located in North East India, Nepal Mountains and South East china. Mount Everest is located here. Aryans These people were said to have invaded the Indus River Valley. Hinduism is thought to come from a mix of their religious traditions and the religious traditions of the people in the Indus River Valley. Hinduism The most popular religion in India. This religion is a polytheistic religion, and believes in dharma, karma and the caste system. Reincarnation The re-birth of the soul after death into another living thing. Dharma The moral and religious duty or obligation of a Hindu person. Karma The belief that if you act as you should in this life, that you will be born into a higher social class in your next life. Caste A type of social structure that has existed in India for thousands System of years. The social class you are born into depends on what class you are born into, and does not change during this lifetime Brahman A single, all powerful force that all hindu gods and people are a part of Samsara The never ending cycle of birth, suffering, death and rebirth that people go through. Veda The religious text of the Aryan people that is considered Buddhism A tradition that grew out of Hinduism and seeks to explain how to best live in this lifetime. Buddhism does not believe in a god, and believes that if you live as you should you will escape the cycle or reincarnation. Meditation The process of thinking deeply about sacred things Nirvana Buddhists seek this lasting peace by giving up selfish desires in life. Siddhartha A man who was born a priest, but who after seeing suffering Gautama decided to give up his possessions and meditate about the meaning of life and why we suffer. He becomes the Buddha Chandragupta Unified most of India under one rule during the Maurya empire Asoka Is considered to have built the greatest empire in India’s history. He is Chandragupta’s grandson and converted many people to Buddhism.