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1
Database
Title
： MEDLINE
： Significant Gene Order and Expression Differences in Bordetella pertussis Despite
Limited Gene Content Variation.
Author
Brinig, Mary M; Cummings, Craig A; Sanden, Gary N; Stefanelli, Paola; Lawrence,
Andrew; Relman, David A
Affiliation
VAPAHCS, 3801 Miranda Avenue, 154T, Palo Alto, CA 94304.
[email protected].
Source
ISSN
Journal of bacteriology, 2006 Apr, 188(7):2375-82
0021-9193
Abstract
Bordetella pertussis, an obligate human pathogen and the agent of whooping
cough, is a clonal species, despite the dynamic selection pressures imposed by host immunity
and vaccine usage. Because the generation of variation is critical for species evolution, we
employed a variety of approaches to examine features of B. pertussis genetic variation. We
found a high level of conservation of gene content among 137 B. pertussis strains with
different geographical, temporal, and epidemiological associations, using comparative
genomic hybridization. The limited number of regions of difference were frequently located
adjacent to copies of the insertion element IS481, which is present in high numbers in the B.
pertussis chromosome. This repeated sequence appears to provide targets for homologous
recombination, resulting in deletion of intervening sequences. Using subtractive hybridization,
we searched for previously undetected genes in diverse clinical isolates but did not detect any
new genes, indicating that gene acquisition is rare in B. pertussis. In contrast, we found
evidence of altered gene order in the several strains that were examined and again found an
association of IS481 with sites of rearrangement. Finally, we compared whole-genome
expression profiles of different strains and found significant changes in transcript abundance,
even in the same strain after as few as 12 laboratory passages. These findings have broad
implications for host adaptation by microbial pathogens.
Language
English
Publication Year
2006
Publication Type
Journal Article
Country of Publication
Update
2
Format Availability
Print
United States
20060328
Database
Title ：
： MEDLINE
An Increase in Antimycobacterial Th1-Cell Responses by Prime-Boost Protocols of
Immunization Does Not Enhance Protection against Tuberculosis.
Author
Majlessi, Laleh; Simsova, Marcela; Jarvis, Zdenka; Brodin, Priscille; Rojas,
Marie-Jésus; Bauche, Cécile; Nouzé, Clémence; Ladant,
Daniel; Cole, Stewart T; Sebo, Peter; Leclerc, Claude
Affiliation
Biologie des Régulations Immunitaires, Inserm, E 352, Institut Pasteur, 25
rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France. [email protected].
Source
ISSN
Abstract
Infection and immunity, 2006 Apr, 74(4):2128-37
0019-9567
Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase (CyaA) toxoid is a powerful nonreplicative
immunization vector targeting dendritic cells, which has already been used successfully in
prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination in various preclinical animal models. Here, we
investigated the potential of CyaA, harboring strong mycobacterial immunogens, i.e., the
immunodominant regions of antigen 85A or the complete sequence of the 6-kDa early
secreted antigenic target (ESAT-6) protein, to induce antimycobacterial immunity. By
generating T-cell hybridomas or by using T cells from mice infected with mycobacteria, we first
demonstrated that the in vitro delivery of 85A or ESAT-6 to antigen-presenting cells by CyaA
leads to processing and presentation, by major histocompatibility complex class II molecules,
of the same epitopes as those displayed upon mycobacterial infection. Importantly, compared
to the recombinant protein alone, the presentation of ESAT-6 in vitro was 100 times more
efficient upon its delivery to antigen-presenting cells in fusion to CyaA. Immunization with
CyaA-85A or CyaA-ESAT-6 in the absence of any adjuvant induced strong antigen-specific
lymphoproliferative, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) cytokine
responses, in the absence of any IL-4 or IL-5 production. When used as boosters after priming
with a BCG expressing ESAT-6, the CyaA-85A and CyaA-ESAT-6 proteins were able to
strikingly increase the sensitivity and intensity of proliferative and Th1-polarized responses
and notably the frequency of antigen-specific IFN-gamma-producing CD4(+) T cells.
Language
English
Publication Year
2006
Publication Type
Journal Article
Format Availability
Print
Country of Publication
Update
United States
20060328
3
Article
：
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
Publisher: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
ISSN: 0934-9723 (Paper) 1435-4373 (Online)
DOI: 10.1007/BF02013576
Issue:
Volume 4, Number 2
Date:
April 1985
Pages: 123 - 128
Originals
Mixed outbreak of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella
parapertussis infection in
Finland
J. Mertsola1
(1) Department of Medical Microbiology and Pediatrics, University of Turku, SF-20520 Turku
52, Finland
Abstract
The epidemiology of whooping cough in a vaccinated population was studied during
an outbreak of paroxysmal cough in an elementary school with 258 pupils in Turku, Finland.
Nasopharyngeal specimens for isolation of Bordetella pertussis and/or sera for ELISA
detection of antipertussis immunoglobulin M, A and G antibodies were taken from 94 % of
children who were prospectively followed for two months. Bordetella pertussis was isolated in
six patients, and 17 culture-positive cases with Bordetella parapertussis were identified.
Patients with Bordetella pertussis or Bordetella parapertussis were found simultaneously in the
same classrooms. Comparison of immunoglobulin M responses to Bordetella pertussis
andBordetella parapertussis was used for differential diagnosis of these two infections.
Twenty-six cases with pertussis and 27 cases with parapertussis were diagnosed. The results
of this prospective study suggest that Bordetella parapertussis is a more common etiologic
agent of mild respiratory tract infection among vaccinated school-aged children than is
generally recognised. The possibility that Bordetella pertussis was converted to Bordetella
parapertussis during this outbreak is discussed.
4
Title
：
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
Publisher: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
ISSN: 0934-9723 (Paper) 1435-4373 (Online)
DOI: 10.1007/s100960050455 Issue:
Date:
Volume 19, Number 3
April 2000
Pages: 174 - 181
Original
Epidemiological Typing of Bordetella pertussis
Isolates: Recommendations for a Standard Methodology
F. R. Mooi A1, H. Hallander A2, C.H. Wirsing von König A3, B. Hoet A4, N. Guiso A5
A1 Research Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health and the
Environment, PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected]
A2 Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden e-mail:
[email protected]
A3 Institut für Hygiene und Labormedizin, Klinikum Krefeld, Lutherplatz 40, 47805
Krefeld, Germany e-mail: [email protected]
A4 SmithKline Beecham Biologicals, rue de l'Institut 89, 1330 Rixensart, Belgium e-mail:
[email protected]
A5 Laboratoire des Bordetella, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15,
France e-mail: [email protected]
Abstract :
Pertussis is re-emerging in vaccinated populations, and to gain insight into the
reasons for this development population-based studies are necessary. Unfortunately, various
techniques are used to study Bordetella pertussis populations, hampering comparison
between studies. A standard methodology for epidemiological typing of Bordetella pertussis
isolates is proposed which is based on serotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and gene
typing. Such a standard approach will allow comparisons between studies performed in
different laboratories. Comparisons may reveal whether the epidemiological differences
observed between countries are due for instance to different Bordetella pertussis populations
or different vaccines used.
5
Title：
Differences of circulating Bordetella pertussis population in Argentina from the
strain used in vaccine production
author
M. Fingermanna, J. Fernándeza, F. Sistia, M.E. Rodríguezb, B. Gattic,
D. Botteroa, A. Graieba, M.E. Gaillarda, S. González Ayalac, F.R. Mooid, e, H.
Lopardof, g and D. Hozbora, ,
aInstituto de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias
Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calles 47
y 115 (1900) La Plata, Argentina bCentro de Investigación y Desarrollo en
Fermentaciones Industriales, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional
de La Plata, Calles 47 y 115 (1900) La Plata, Argentina cLaboratorio de Microbiología,
Hospital de Niños Superiora Sor María Ludovica, Calle 14 No. 1631, La Plata,
Argentina dLaboratory for Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, National
Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
eEijkman Winkler Institute, University Medical Centre Utrecht Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX,
Utrecht, The Netherlands fHospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Pichincha
1850, Buenos Aires, Argentina gCátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de
Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calles 47 y 115 (1900) La Plata,
Argentina
Received 20 July 2005;
revised 2 February 2006;
accepted 5 February 2006.
Available online 28
February 2006.
Abstract ： In Argentina, as in other countries, the number of pertussis cases has been
increasing, even in highly vaccinated zones. Many reports suggest that the decline of vaccine
efficacy due to antigenic shifts in the circulating Bordetella pertussis might be among the
factors that contribute to pertussis re-emergence in different parts of the world. To evaluate the
incidence of this factor in Argentina, we decided to characterize the circulating bacteria of an
important demographic area of this country in comparison with the strain used for vaccine
production. From 1997 to 2003 we collected nasopharyngeal samples from pediatric patients
with signs of Bordetella infection hospitalized in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires and La
Plata, Argentina. From these samples we identified 28 B. pertussis, which were characterized
by biochemical techniques, PCR, DNA fingerprint, prn and ptx genes sequencing, and
lipopolysaccharides (LPS) pattern. BOX-PCR from B. pertussis isolates yielded one cluster
containing 13 isolates and some smaller ones, being all fingerprints different from the vaccine
strain. Differences between Argentinean circulating bacteria and the vaccine strain were also
observed for the Prn and Ptx variants as well as for the LPS pattern. Moreover, this last pattern
seemed to change over the years. In addition, we identified two B. bronchiseptica. The
presence of this Bordetella species together with the observed differences between circulating
B. pertussis and the strain used in vaccine production should be considered for the
development of an improved vaccine.