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Human Anatomy and Physiology I Practice Test II 1 Which of the following arrangements clearly outline an increase in complexity? a. Osteoid, osteoblast, osteon, compact bone, skeleton, b. Skeleton, osteoid, osteoblast, osteon, compact bone c. Osteoblast, osteoid, osteon, skeleton, compact bone, d. Osteoblast, osteon, skeleton, osteoid, compact bone, e. Osteoblast, compact bone, osteoid, osteon, , skeleton 2 Which of the following statements about periosteum is NOT true? a. Provides attachment and continuity with tendons b. Provides entry route for blood vessels c. It lines the internal surface of bone d. It does not line the articular surfaces of bones e. It consists of an outer dense connective tissue layer and an inner osteogenic layer 3 Excess parathyroid hormone would MOST LIKELY result in which of the following? a. Normal bone alignment b. Extremely dense bone c. Calcium ion deposits on bone d. Abnormal low blood calcium levels e. Abnormal weak bone 4 Which high? a. b. c. d. e. 5 of the following hormones is produced when blood calcium ion level is Growth Hormone Calcitonin Thyroid hormone Parathyroid hormone Estrogen and progesterone The exceptional hardness of bones is a characteristic provided by hydroxyapatite salts, which consist mainly of? a. Calcium phosphate b. Calcium sulphate c. Calcium chloride d. a and b e. a, b and c 6 What cell is responsible for the production of osteoid? a. Osteoclast b. Osteoblast c. Osteocyte d. Chondroblast e. None of the above 7 Spongy bone is present at? a. Proximal epiphysis b. Proximal diaphysis c. Distal diaphysis d. Distal epiphysis e. More than one answer is correct 8 Which of the following is present in the osteon? a. Concentric lamellae b. Central canal c. Perforating canal d. Lacunae that contain osteocytes e. All of the above 9 Bone cells directly responsible for resorption are? a. Osteoblasts b. Osteoclasts c. Osteocytes d. Osteoprogenitor cells e. All of the above 10 Which of the following statements about synovial joints are true? I – They are freely movable; II – The articular surfaces of the bones forming the joint are lined by hyaline cartilage; III – They are stabilized by ligaments a. I only b. II only c. III only d. I and III e. I, II and III 11 The sutures of the skull are examples of a. Freely movable joints b. Slightly moveable joints c. Immovable joints d. Synovial joints e. Cartilaginous joints 12 What movement is performed when you hold a doorknob with the left hand and turn it counter-clockwise? a. Hyperflexion b. Hyperextension c. Pronation d. Supination e. Abduction 13 The joint formed between the patella and the femur is an example of? a. Hinge joint b. Ball and socket joint c. Plane joint d. Saddle joint e. Condyloid joint 14 The shallow tibial articular surface is deepened by? a. The anterior cruciate ligament b. The lateral meniscus c. The medial meniscus d. a and b e. b and c 15 Red bone marrow is present only in the marrow cavity of adult long bones? a. True b. False 16 Which of the following is a constituent of spongy bone? I – True osteon, II – Hydroxy apitite; III – Collegen fibers; IV – Traberculae a. I only b. II only c. III only d. I, II, and III e. II, III, and IV 17 Which of the following is a function of synovial fluid? a. Removes wastes b. Protects articular cartilages c. Lubrication d. Provides nutrients e. All of the above 18 The pigment shield that protects the body from the damaging effects of UV radiations is produced by? a. Melanin b. Keratinocytes c. Langerhans cells d. Merkel cells e. Melanocytes 19 What skin region is richly supplied by blood vessels, nerve fibers, and lymphatic vessels? a. Epidermis b. Dermis c. Hypodermis d. a and b e. a and c 20 The most actively mitotic cells would be present in what epidermal layer? a. Stratum basale b. Stratum spinosum c. Stratum granulosum d. Stratum lucidum e. Stratum corneum 21 Which of the following bones will develop by the process of intramembranous ossification? a. Clavicle b. Femur c. Axis d. Humerus e. Radius 22 Also called perforating canals, they lie at right angles to the long axis of bones. a. Haversian canal b. Central canal c. Volkmann’s canal d. Vertebral foramen e. Medullary cavity 23 Which of the following is NOT a strategy that could be employed to delay the onset of osteoporosis? a. Vitamin D supplementation b. Weight bearing exercises c. Calcium supplementation d. Smoking cessation e. Immobilization 24 Which of the following bones can be categorized as part of the appendicular skeleton? I-Frontal bone II – Ribs III – Femur a. b. c. d. e. I only II only III only I and II only I, II and III 25 Which of the following must be present for proper bone growth and development? a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin C c. Vitamin D d. Growth hormone e. All of the above