Download Testbank-For-Visualizing-Technology-Introductory-3rd-Edition

Visualizing Technology Introductory, 3e (Geoghan)
Chapter 1 What is a Computer?
1) A computer is unique compared to any other machine because of its ability to ________.
A) process complex math functions
B) use many different types of software
C) process large amounts of information simultaneously
D) change its programming
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
2) Which statement is NOT true about the computers of the early 19th century?
A) Jacquard invented punched cards for a loom.
B) Charles Babbage created the Analytical Engine.
C) Charles Babbage is often considered to be the first computer programmer.
D) The Analytical Engine is being built today.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
3) Which statement is TRUE about Ada Lovelace?
A) The Ada computer language is named in her honor.
B) Ada Lovelace lived in the 1940s.
C) Ada Lovelace was a 19th century electrician at a time when most electricians were men.
D) Ada Lovelace thoroughly tested all of her computer programs.
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
4) Alan Turing ________.
A) wrote a paper titled "On Computable Numbers" in 1900
B) is considered by many to be the greatest mathematician that ever lived
C) developed the Turing Test in 1950
D) created a machine to test math accuracy
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
5) How many steps are included in the information processing cycle?
A) 6
B) 4
C) 7
D) 5
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
1
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
6) ________ are black-and-white checkered scannable squares that contain product information,
coupons, or website details.
A) QR codes
B) RC codes
C) Binary codes
D) ASCII codes
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 2 Describe the evolution of computer hardware
7) Second generation computers used ________, while fourth generation computers used
________.
A) vacuum tubes, microprocessors
B) transistors, microprocessors
C) transistors, integrated circuits
D) vacuum tubes, transistors
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 2 Describe the evolution of computer hardware
8) Currently, ________ law predicts that the number of transistors placed on an integrated circuit
doubles approximately every 18 months.
A) Turing's
B) Babbage's
C) Moore's
D) Lovelace's
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 2 Describe the evolution of computer hardware
9) The ________ is a very complicated circuit, contains the CPU, and was invented in 1971.
A) IC chip
B) microprocessor
C) transistor
D) vacuum tube
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 2 Describe the evolution of computer hardware
2
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
10) The ________ is an early computer created in 1951, which was used to predict election
results.
A) UNIVAC
B) ENIAC
C) Colossus
D) Harvard Mark 1
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 2 Describe the evolution of computer hardware
11) Which statement is NOT accurate about vacuum tubes?
A) They are similar to light bulbs.
B) They seldom need to be replaced.
C) They generate a lot of heat when operating.
D) They were used in many electronic devices, including computers and televisions.
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 2 Describe the evolution of computer hardware
12) Which statement is NOT true about binary codes?
A) Binary works in two different switching states: on and off.
B) Decimal numbers are represented as 0's and 1's.
C) Additional switching capability can be added.
D) Eight bits represents a byte and provides 200 possibilities.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 3 Describe how computers represent data using binary code
13) Bits are used to measure ________.
A) data transfer and Internet connection rates
B) storage capacity
C) the size of graphics files
D) the amount of time a user is connected to the Internet
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 3 Describe how computers represent data using binary code
14) Today file sizes are much larger because ________.
A) computers are much smaller in size
B) computer users spend more time online
C) files, such as graphics and music, demand and use more storage space
D) folders can hold more files now, compared to before
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 3 Describe how computers represent data using binary code
3
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
15) A binary code using eight switches has ________ different possible combinations.
A) 256
B) 2
C) 128
D) 16
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 3 Describe how computers represent data using binary code
16) ASCII was originally created with a 7-bit system using of 128 characters, but was later
upgraded to a(n) ________ system that represents ________ characters.
A) 12-bit, 212
B) 18-bit, 320
C) 8-bit, 256
D) 16-bit, 254
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 3 Describe how computers represent data using binary code
17) ________ offer the most speed, power, and upgradability for the lowest cost.
A) Computer workstations
B) Desktop computers
C) Netbook computers
D) All-in-one computers
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
18) Which of the following is NOT a feature typically built into a notebook computer?
A) Webcam
B) Wireless networking capability
C) Stylus
D) Bright widescreen display
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
19) The smallest, most lightweight, and inexpensive computer is the ________.
A) netbook
B) client
C) laptop
D) notebook
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
4
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
20) The main difference between the Mac and the PC is ________.
A) hard drive disk space
B) the price
C) the speed of the microprocessor
D) the operating system
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
21) Which statement is NOT true about all-in-one computers?
A) They are small in size.
B) They may be difficult to upgrade.
C) They are popular in small business settings.
D) They require a separate monitor.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
22) By 2015, it is predicted that ________.
A) netbooks will be more popular than desktops
B) notebooks will outsell desktops more than 2:1
C) desktops will outsell all other types of computers
D) tablets will outsell notebooks
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
23) Which is NOT considered a computer operating system?
A) OS X
B) Linux
C) Windows
D) Mac
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
24) In spite of the PC's popularity and widespread use, some people still prefer Macs due to
________.
A) Internet speed
B) hard disk space
C) greater capability for multimedia applications
D) a price less than a PC
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
5
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
25) Smartphones, tablets, and heart-rate monitors are examples of ________.
A) navigation devices
B) mobile devices
C) intelligence systems
D) computing and calculating devices
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 5 Give examples of other personal computing devices
26) The GPS is a tracking system created by the U.S. Department of Defense and includes
________ satellites.
A) 20
B) 36
C) 54
D) 24
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 5 Give examples of other personal computing devices
27) Which of the following is NOT considered a GPS application?
A) Self-navigating robots
B) Clock synchronization
C) Map making
D) Math calculations
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 5 Give examples of other personal computing devices
28) Which of the following has unique motion-sensing controllers?
A) Nintendo Wii
B) Xbox One
C) Sony PlayStation 4
D) Kinect
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 5 Give examples of other personal computing devices
29) Which of the following is NOT an advantage of multiuser computers?
A) Central resources for all users
B) Security
C) Limited file storage
D) Allow many users to connect at one time
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 6 List the various types and characteristics of multiuser computers
6
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
30) Dumb terminals ________.
A) are a version of a server
B) have no processing capability
C) connect to microcomputers
D) must be supported by manual commands
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 6 List the various types and characteristics of multiuser computers
31) Which statement is TRUE about mainframes?
A) Mainframes connect to personal computers called clients.
B) Mainframes support around 200 computer users.
C) Enterprise servers have largely replaced mainframes.
D) Midrange servers drive mainframes.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 6 List the various types and characteristics of multiuser computers
32) ________ are very expensive, complex computer systems used in university and medical
research applications and for weather forecasting.
A) Supercomputers
B) Enterprise computers
C) Minicomputers
D) Mainframe computers
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 6 List the various types and characteristics of multiuser computers
33) Which supercomputer conducts gene research?
A) NASA/Ames Research Center, U.S.
B) Riken Advanced Institute for Computational Science, Japan
C) Amazon Web Services, U.S.
D) Shanghai Supercomputer Center, China
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 6 List the various types and characteristics of multiuser computers
34) Distributed computing distributes ________.
A) power ability across all users
B) disk storage for all computer users
C) Internet usage across the entire network
D) the processing of tasks across a group of computers
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 6 List the various types and characteristics of multiuser computers
7
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
35) What is SETI?
A) The name of the first enterprise server
B) The first U.S. supercomputer
C) A client/server configuration
D) One of the first volunteer computing projects
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 6 List the various types and characteristics of multiuser computers
36) Ubiquitous computing is also called ________.
A) minicomputing
B) intelligent computing
C) invisible computing
D) embedded computing processes
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 7 Explain ubiquitous computing and convergence
37) Embedded computers ________.
A) make our lives easier because they are in everything, from street lights to dishwashers
B) are noticed everywhere
C) contain a powerful processor with lots of file storage
D) would be easy to replace with something else
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 7 Explain ubiquitous computing and convergence
38) Which of the following is NOT typically incorporated into a convergence device?
A) Server
B) Cell phone
C) Document editing
D) Web browsing
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 7 Explain ubiquitous computing and convergence
39) Smartphones use ________ technology, allowing users to perform several functions with one
device.
A) convergence or integration
B) GPS
C) embedded design
D) invisible computing
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 7 Explain ubiquitous computing and convergence
8
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
40) Which statement is NOT true about green computing?
A) Green computing is earth-friendly.
B) Green computing is used in smart homes and appliances.
C) Green computing is cost-effective and helps reduce the need for new power plants in the long
run.
D) Green computing is not a realistic choice for homeowners due to extra equipment that is
needed to make it worthwhile.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 7 Explain ubiquitous computing and convergence
41) A computer converts raw information into data.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
42) Computers are unique compared to other machines, and through programming their function
and purpose can change.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
43) Charles Babbage, an early mathematician, designed a computer that could be programmed
using punch cards.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
44) The computer programs of Ada Lovelace could never be tested when they were created, and
even today the programs she created would produce inaccurate mathematical results.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
45) The information processing cycle consists of five stages: input, processing, retrieval, storage,
and output.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
46) QR codes are essentially digital business cards representing brands and companies.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
9
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
47) First-generation computers were very large and used vacuum tubes, which generated excess
heat but proved to be very dependable.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 2 Describe the evolution of computer hardware
48) ENIAC was built in 1958 at the University of Southern California.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 2 Describe the evolution of computer hardware
49) Computers use a binary base 2 number system and binary codes to carry out commands.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 3 Describe how computers represent data using binary code
50) A picture file can be from 1 to 25 MB in size.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 3 Describe how computers represent data using binary code
51) Ergonomics is the study of workplace procedures and is related to computer workspaces,
chair and desk design, and lighting function.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
52) Notebook computers rival desktop computers in power and storage capacity.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
53) The main difference between the Mac and the PC is the speed of the microprocessor.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
54) The Chromebook is an example of a subnotebook computer.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
55) A tablet includes an LCD.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
10
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
56) Computers worn on the body are known as wearables.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 5 Give examples of other personal computing devices
57) A client is considered a personal computer that is connected to a server.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 6 List the various types and characteristics of multiuser computers
58) Distributed computing using a group of computers in one location is grid computing.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 6 List the various types and characteristics of multiuser computers
59) SETI was one of the first multiuser computing system projects.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 6 List the various types and characteristics of multiuser computers
60) Volunteer computing harnesses the power of numerous computers.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 6 List the various types and characteristics of multiuser computers
61) Mainframes are small servers that can provide 300 computer users with access to the
Internet.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 6 List the various types and characteristics of multiuser computers
62) Ubiquitous computing is used in smart homes and works in the background, hardly noticed.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 7 Explain ubiquitous computing and convergence
63) Through convergence, many separate computerized devices have become one.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 7 Explain ubiquitous computing and convergence
64) Embedded computers are found in everyday devices such as dishwashers, gasoline pumps,
and grocery store cash registers.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 7 Explain ubiquitous computing and convergence
11
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
65) A smart grid monitors signals from the power company.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 7 Explain ubiquitous computing and convergence
66) Computers can change their ________, and that makes them unique compared to any other
machine.
Answer: programming
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
67) Charles Babbage designed a mechanical computer called a(n) ________.
Answer: Analytical Engine
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
68) During the ________ stage of the information processing cycle, raw data is put into the
system.
Answer: input
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
69) The information processing cycle converts raw data into ________.
Answer: information
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 1 Explain the functions of a computer
70) Gordon Moore was the cofounder of ________.
Answer: Intel
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 2 Describe the evolution of computer hardware
71) ________ were developed in the 1960s and are chips that contain large numbers of
transistors.
Answer: Integrated circuits
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 2 Describe the evolution of computer hardware
72) ________ resemble incandescent light bulbs and give off a lot of heat.
Answer: Vacuum tubes
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 2 Describe the evolution of computer hardware
73) Digital data, used by a computer, is represented by a(n) ________.
Answer: binary code
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 3 Describe how computers represent data using binary code
12
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
74) ________ was developed in the 1960s using a 7-bit system but was later expanded to an 8-bit
system.
Answer: ASCII
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 3 Describe how computers represent data using binary code
75) A megabyte is equivalent to approximately ________ pages of text.
Answer: 500
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 3 Describe how computers represent data using binary code
76) A(n) ________ that runs Windows, Chromebooks, and Apple's Macbook Air are examples
of subnotebooks.
Answer: ultrabook
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
77) ________ computers have an integrated monitor and are used when office space becomes an
issue.
Answer: All-in-one
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
78) Apple's Macbook Air is an example of a(n) ________ computer.
Answer: subnotebook
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
79) A(n) ________ may contain a special pen or stylus, allowing users to write directly on the
screen.
Answer: tablet
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
80) ________ devices are portable computers used for business and entertainment, and come in
many different shapes and sizes.
Answer: Mobile
Diff: 1
Ref: Objective 4 List the various types and characteristics of personal computers
81) Health monitors worn on the body are known as ________.
Answer: wearables
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 5 Give examples of other personal computing devices
13
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
82) Magnavox and Atari released ________ systems in the 1970s.
Answer: video game
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 5 Give examples of other personal computing devices
83) ________ provide services like Internet, email, and printers to numerous computers
simultaneously.
Answer: Servers
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 6 List the various types and characteristics of multiuser computers
84) The Wii is made by ________.
Answer: Nintendo
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 6 List the various types and characteristics of multiuser computers
85) Invisible computing refers to computers that are hardly noticed and are called ________ for
short.
Answer: ubicomp
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 7 Explain ubiquitous computing and convergence
86) Digital signage and smart homes are prime examples of ________ computing.
Answer: ubiquitous
Diff: 2
Ref: Objective 7 Explain ubiquitous computing and convergence
87) Dawn is using her smartphone to pay an electric bill from her desk at work. She is utilizing
________ technology.
Answer: convergence
Diff: 3
Ref: Objective 7 Explain ubiquitous computing and convergence
14
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
88) Match each of the following terms to its meaning:
I. bit
II. byte
III. binary code
IV. ASCII
V. Unicode
A. measures file size
B. measures data transfer rates
C. originally 7-bit system
D. standard on the Internet
E. two possible states
Answer: B, A, E, C, D
Diff: 1
Ref: Multiple objectives
89) Match each of the following terms to its meaning:
I. server
II. desktop
III. workstation
IV. tablet
V. notebook
A. portable personal computer
B. high-end computer attached to a network
C. Internet, email, or print, for example
D. handheld mobile device
E. personal computer
Answer: C, E, B, A, D
Diff: 2
Ref: Multiple objectives
90) Match each of the following terms to its meaning:
I. all-in-one computer
II. Xbox and PlayStation
III. Magnavox and Atari
IV. Wii
V. Nintendo 3DS and DSi
A. modern game consoles
B. early video game manufacturers
C. unique motion-sensing controllers
D. integrated monitor and system unit
E. handheld video games
Answer: D, A, B, C, E
Diff: 2
15
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Visualizing Technology, 3e-Chapter 1
Multiple Choice
Answer the following multiple-choice questions for more practice with key terms and concepts
from this chapter.
1. _______ is the branch of science concerned with making computers behave like humans.
a. Analytical Engine
b. Artificial intelligence
c. Bioinformatics
d. Ergonomics
2. A(n) ________ is a tiny electrical switch that made second-generation computers faster and
more reliable than their predecessors.
a. integrated circuit
b. microprocessor
c. transistor
d. vacuum tube
3. A(n) _______is a complex, integrated circuit.
a. microprocessor
b. silicon
c. transistor
d. vacuum tube
4. What is the binary code that can represent most currently used language characters and is the
standard used on the Internet?
16
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
a. ASCII
b. Base 2
c. International standards
d. Unicode
5. What type of portable computer has a screen that can swivel to fold?
a. Convertible notebook
b. Desktop replacement
c. Netbook
d. Subnotebook
6. What are desktop computers attached to a network in a business setting called?
a. Dumb terminals
b. Mainframes
c. Minicomputers
d. Workstations
7. _________ can perform millions of transactions in a day.
a. Enterprise servers
b. Mobile devices
c. Netbooks
d. Supercomputers
8. _________ share(s) the processing of a task using a group of computers in one location.
a. Distributed computing
b. Enterprise servers
c. Grid computing
d. Supercomputers
17
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
9. Computers in automobiles, ATMs, and appliances are examples of ______ computers.
a. embedded
b. personal
c. portable
d. ubiquitous
10. A(n) _____________ is an example of convergence.
a. smart home
b. smartphone
c. traffic light
d. video game console
Answer the following questions with T for true or F for false for more practice with key terms
and concepts from this chapter.
____T______1.
Computers convert data into information using the Information Processing
Cycle.
____F______2.
Second-generation computers used integrated circuits.
____F______3.
Today’s computers use transistors and microprocessors.
____T______4.
Moore’s Law states that the number of transistors that can be placed on an
integrated circuit will double roughly every 18 months to two years.
____F______5.
ASCII contains codes for all of the languages in use today.
____T______6.
Ergonomics allows you to design a workspace for your comfort and
health.
____F______7.
All-in-one is another name for a notebook computer.
____F______8.
Users connect to clients via servers.
____T______9.
GPS was originally built by the military.
18
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
____F______10.
The idea that computers are all around us is called embedded computing.
Fill in the Blank
Fill in the blanks with key terms from this chapter.
1. A computer is a programmable machine that converts raw data into useful information.
2. The Turing testis a measure of a computer’s ability to display intelligent behavior.
3. The use of transistors in place of vacuum tubes allowed second-generation computers to be
more powerful, smaller, more reliable, and able to be reprogrammed in far less time.
4. The Analytical Enginewas a mechanical computer designed, but not built, in the early 19th
century by mathematician Charles Babbage.
5. Ergonomic design creates a work environment designed to reduce illnesses and
musculoskeletal disorders.
6. Mac computers are built by Apple and run the OS X operating system.
7. A(n)multiuser computer is a system that allows multiple, simultaneous users to connect to it,
allowing for centralized resources and security.
8. Servers are computers that provide services, such as Internet access, email, or file and print
services, to client systems.
9. Very expensive computer systems that are used to perform complex mathematical
calculations, such as those used in weather forecasting and medical research, are
supercomputers.
10. A(n) smart home uses automation to control lighting, heating and cooling, security,
entertainment, and appliances in a home.
19
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.