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1. One similarity between animism and Shinto is that people who follow these belief systems A) B) C) D) practice filial piety worship spirits in nature are monotheistic are required to make pilgrimages 2. The Buddhist religion teaches that salvation is earned by A) B) C) D) following the Ten Commandments worshiping Allah as the one true god learning to give up selfish desire being baptized and confirmed 3. One similarity between the culture of traditional China under dynastic rule and the culture of modern China under Communism is that both stress A) B) C) D) a state-supported religion loyalty to the authority of leaders the importance of a matriarchal society limits on population growth 4. A unique aspect of religion in Japan is that A) most major religions have no formal priesthood B) many Japanese practice both Buddhism and Shinto C) all Japanese religions are theocratic D) the current Emperor is regarded as a god 5. Which is a valid statement about the role of religion in modern India? A) Buddhism has replaced Hinduism as the major religion. B) Religion has lost most of its influence and importance. C) Religion and politics are rigidly separated. D) Religious beliefs and social structure are closely related. 6. An influence that spread from the Byzantine Empire to early Russia was the A) B) C) D) Orthodox Christian religion use of the Latin alphabet beginning of democracy factory system 7. Base your answer to the following question on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. It would be wrong to call the Ottoman Empire a purely Islamic state. It was not. It was a state that claimed some kind of an attachment, some kind of allegiance to Islam, but combined it with other forms of heritage from the Byzantine tradition or from the Turkic tradition that did not really correspond to Islam. So they always had this very, very pragmatic approach to Islam. — Professor Edhem Eldem, Bogazici Uniyersity, NPR News, All Things Considered, August 18, 2004 This author is suggesting that during the Ottoman Empire A) B) C) D) religion was mingled with historic traditions most people belonged to minority religions rulers tried to separate politics from religion rulers operated under a strict set of laws 8. The Eightfold Path, the Four Noble Truths, and the concept of nirvana are associated with the religion of A) Islam C) Shinto B) Jainism D) Buddhism 9. Which statement best describes society under the influence of medieval Christianity and traditional Islam? A) Religion was a way of life that governed people from birth to death. B) Religion permitted the freedom to choose how people would worship. C) Religion played a major role only in the lives of the clergy. D) Both religions influenced society by stressing the equality of all religions. 10. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram illustrates the key concepts of which religion? A) Islam B) Christianity C) Hinduism 11. The terms Brahma, dharma, and moksha are most closely associated with which religion? A) Judaism C) Hinduism D) Buddhism 12. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of social studies. B) Islam D) animism Which religion or belief system is most closely associated with the social class system illustrated in the diagram? A) Hinduism C) Catholicism B) Daoism D) animism 13. • Buddhist temples are found in Japan. • Most Indonesians study the Koran. • Catholicism is the dominant religion in Latin America. These statements illustrate a result of A) B) C) D) westernization cultural diffusion economic nationalism fundamentalism 18. A goal common to Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism is to A) B) C) D) establish peace and harmony provide the basis for democratic government return the power of the emperors promote individual artistic creativity 19. The animist religions, which are widespread throughout Africa, share a belief in Base your answers to questions 14 and 15 on the statements below and on your knowledge of social studies. A) B) C) D) monotheism the importance of the spirits of nature writings of Mohammed making a pilgrimage to Jerusalem Speaker A: We must return to the ideas of the Bible. We 20. Base your answer to the following question on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. should encourage people to read and interpret religious scripture for themselves. Speaker B: Our people worship many gods, who control the peoples' activities, such as birth, death, and commerce. Speaker C: Our people received the Ten Commandments at Mount Sinai. We are few in number, but we will bring these commandments to all people. Speaker D: We trace our religion's birth to the flight of our greatest prophet from Mecca to Medina. 14. Which speaker refers to the establishment of Islam? A) A B) B C) C D) D 15. Which speaker is expressing an idea from a polytheistic religion? A) A B) B C) C D) D 16. In traditional Chinese culture, which philosophy had the greatest influence on the development of social order and political organization? A) Taoism C) Confucianism B) Shintoism D) Marxism 17. One aspect common to both Shinto and Taoism is a A) B) C) D) deep reverence and respect for nature belief in one God ban on the consumption of pork belief in the reincarnation of souls People who accept the beliefs stated in this passage believe in A) polytheism C) emperor worship B) monotheism D) papal authority 21. One way in which the Five Relationships, the Ten Commandments, and the Eightfold Path are similar is that they A) B) C) D) promote polytheism establish gender equality provide codes of behavior describe secularism 22. Which action is most closely associated with polytheism? A) B) C) D) praying in a synagogue accepting the Eightfold Path worshipping many gods reading the Koran 23. Christianity and Islam are similar in that both A) B) C) D) are polytheistic religions have practiced a strict code of nonviolence have the same religious holidays have roots in Judaism 24. Judaism, Islam, and Christianity share a belief in A) B) C) D) papal supremacy teachings of the Koran (Quran) reincarnation and the Four Noble Truths an ethical code of conduct and monotheism 25. The introduction of Buddhism into Japan and of Christianity into Africa are examples of A) modernization C) cultural diffusion B) ethnic conflict D) isolation 26. • Sunnis and Shiites have different views about who should lead the Muslim faith. • Today some Hindus follow caste rules more closely than others do. • Most Buddhists belong to one of two main sects. • Christianity is practiced by both Catholics and Protestants. Which generalization is supported by the information in these four statements? A) B) C) D) In many religions, a range of beliefs often exists. A belief in a god is common to all religions. A hierarchy of leadership exists in all religions. Religion is becoming less important to people. 27. "A constitution? What for? The Koran is the oldest and most efficient constitution in the world." —King Faisal of Saudi Arabia (1966) "The form of government of Iran is that of an Islamic Republic." —Article 1, Iranian Constitution (1979) These quotations best support the idea that A) the laws of Islam can be used to govern a country B) every country needs elected leaders C) Muslims believe in a weak central government D) religion should be separated from government 28. The Koran, jihad, and the hegira are most closely associated with the practice of A) Islam C) Shinto B) Judaism D) Buddhism 29. One similarity between the Five Pillars of Islam and the Ten Commandments is that both A) B) C) D) support a belief in reincarnation promote learning as a means to salvation encourage the use of statues to symbolize God provide a guide to proper ethical and moral behavior 30. Base your answer to the following question on the map below and on your knowledge of social studies. Which letter identifies the peninsula that is home to Mecca, the religious center of Islam? A) A B) B C) C D) D Answer Key Belief Systems 2 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. B 21. C 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. A