Download Ch. 3 Section 1 Template

Name:
Chapter Title: 3 Regional Civilizations
Period:
Section Title: 1 The World of Islam
Main Ideas
-The religion of Islam arose in the Arabian Peninsula in the 600s.
-Muhammad’s successor organized the Arabs and set in motion a great expansion.
-An extensive trade network brought prosperity to the Islamic world.
Key Terms
Islam- religion found commonly in the Middle East based on the teaching of the Quran and the prophet
Muhammad.
Hijirah- the journey of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 AD, the year 1 on the calendar of
Islam. All Muslims are encouraged to make a pilgrimage to Mecca in their lifetimes.
Caliph-
Sultan-
Astrolabe-
Mosque-
People to Identify
Muhammad- Islamic prophet who received revelations from Allah
Abu Bakr- Muhammad’s father-in-law who became caliph after Muhammad’s death.
Ibn Sina- Muslim philosopher and scientist who wrote an encyclopedia.
1 Sub-section title: The Arabs
Semitic people who lived in the Arabian Peninsula. Nomads who were organized into tribes to
help each other. Trade routes brought new cities and prosperity. Believed in Islam and
recognized Allah as god.
2 Sub-section title: The Life of Muhammad
Born in Mecca, married a rich widow, according to Muslim teachings, he received revelations
from God. Preached for 3 years and only had 30 followers. After moving to Medina, he began
to attract large numbers of followers. Eventually he became a political leader & assembled an
army of 10,000 men to conquer Mecca.
3 Sub-section title: The Teachings of Muhammad
Islam – monotheistic, belief in Allah and an everlasting life. Practice the 5 Pillars of Islam:
belief, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage.
4 Sub-section title: Creation of an Arab Empire
Abu Bakr named caliph after Muhammad’s death, the Islamic movement grew and eventually
defeated the Byzantine army.
5 Sub-section title: Successors of the Arab Empire
Sub-Sub-section title: The Umayyads
Muslim dynasty, attacked the Berbers & Spain, defeated by the Byzantines.
Sub-Sub-section title: The Abbasid Dynasty
Overthrew the Umayyads, period of prosperity due to trade.
Sub-Sub-section title: The Seljuk Turks
Non-native soldiers from Central Asia that took command of the Abbasid Dynasty.
Sub-Sub-section title: The Mongols
Group that came to rule much of the world, including China, Persia and much of Mesopotamia.
Eventually converted to Islam.
6 Sub-section title: Economy and Social Structure
Prosperous economy due to trade, cities grew and became rich. Questions concerning politics &
social life are answered by following religious teachings. Women had some rights but men were
dominant in Muslim society.
7 Sub-section title: The Brilliance of Islamic Culture
Translations of Plato and Aristotle widespread and helped by the creation of paper.
Sub-Sub-section title: Philosophy & Science
Islamic scholars contributed to math and natural sciences. Arabic system of numerals (we use
this). Muslim scholars developed medicine as a field of science. Discovered contagious nature
of certain diseases.
Sub-Sub-section title: Art & Architecture
Art reflects religious beliefs and should be for the purpose of expressing the Islamic spirit.
Mosques are the dominant architectural invention.