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Mesoamerican Study Guide
Define the following vocabulary words.
stele
calpulli
vertical economy
codex
tribute
conquistador
chinampa
terrace farming
civil war
Circle the answer to the questions.
1. Mayan cities were built around
A marketplaces.
C commonly-owned farmland.
B religious centers.
D palaces.
2. The Maya economy was based on
A the domination of neighboring groups.
C the Mayan number system.
B the Mayan writing system.
D farming and trade.
3. Which of the following was not a method the Maya used for farming?
A They dug water systems to bring water to dry
areas.
C They used big-game animals to pull heavy
wagons.
B They moved good soil to areas that had poor soil.
D They burned trees and other plants to clear the
land.
4. The rulers of the Mayan civilization were
A priest-kings.
C merchants.
B farmers.
D scientists.
5. Which of the following is not an achievement of the Maya?
A highly developed art and architecture
C a numbering system
B complex and accurate calendars
D the invention of gunpowder and guns
6. Which of the following statements is not true?
A The Aztec were highly skilled fighters.
C The Aztec Empire began in what is not Texas.
B The Aztec were good farmers.
D The Aztec built a powerful empire.
7. Between the years 1428 and 1520, the Aztec Empire
A grew through alliances and conquest.
C fought desperately for survival against their
Olmec rivals.
B lived peacefully with the neighboring peoples.
D were forced to move away from the Valley of
Mexico.
8. What was a calpulli?
A a floating garden where the Aztec grew corn,
beans and peppers.
C a part of a harvest that had to be paid to the
Aztec government.
B a large settlement where Aztec families of
different social classes lived.
D an agreement the Aztec made with two other
powerful tribes.
9. What role did nobles play in Aztec society?
A They were worshiped as gods.
C They served in the government and as priests
and warriors.
B They did most of the farming.
D They were offered to the gods as sacrifices.
10. An Aztec soldier could increase his rank by
A paying tribute to the commoners.
C reading the Aztec codices.
B helping to build large stone temples.
D capturing as many people as possible during battle.
11. Which of the following present-day countries were part of the Inca Empire?
A Peru, Ecuador, and Bolivia
C Mexico and Guatemala
B Brazil and Mexico
D Peru, Mexico, and Brazil
12. Which of the following was not a method used by the Inca to control their Empire?
A forcing conquered men to serve in the Inca army B spreading soldiers throughout the empire
C having an oral instead of a written tradition of
D making defeated tribes follow the Inca religion and
history
learn the Inca language
13. Which of the following is true about classes in Inca society?
A Commoners had a relatively easy life under the
Inca class system.
C Commoners lives were under complete control
of the ruler.
B The Inca nobles led lives that were similar to
those of the commoners.
D The Inca had a complex class system with at least
five separate classes.
14. How did the Inca deal with the fact that some of their lands were in valleys and some
of there lands were on mountains?
A They made conquered tribes farm the mountains. B They grew only on crop.
C They divided the farmland into three parts for
D They raised different crops at different heights
the commoners to farm.
and raised animals in some places.
15. Why were dead rulers important to the Inca?
A The Inca made them into mummies.
C The Inca believed they had a role in controlling
the future of the empire.
B They were part of the vertical economy.
D The dead rulers demanded many animal and
human sacrifices.
16. What was a conquistador?
A An Aztec ruler
C a Spanish warrior and conqueror
B an Inca ruler
D a Spanish ruler
17. When the Spanish arrived, the Inca and Aztec empires had already been weakened
by
A civil wars and food shortages.
C their belief in many gods.
B Hernando Cortés.
D diseases like smallpox and measles.
18. The Spanish were able to finally defeat the Aztec in part because
A Moctezuma took their side.
C they forced the Aztec to become Christians.
B Cortés told them he was the god Quetzalcoatl.
D they persuaded rebel tribes to help them fight
against the Aztec.
19. Which of the following statements is supported by the timeline above?
A The Inca fought against the Spanish longer than B Hernando Cortés fought against the Inca and the
the Aztec did.
Aztec.
C Francisco Pizarro was welcomed as a god by the D The Aztec Empire fell after the Inca Empire.
Inca.
20. What did the Spanish bring from Europe that resulted in the deaths of many Aztec
and Inca?
A huge iron battleships and stone knives
C Christianity and new farming methods
B diseases and superior weapons
D cloth armor and sturdy shields