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Elena L. Zvereva and Mikhail V. Kozlov. The costs and effectiveness of chemical defenses in
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herbivorous insects: a meta-analysis. Ecological Monographs. Accepted Manuscript.
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Supplement
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Data used in meta-analysis of the effectiveness and costs of chemical defenses
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Author(s)
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Elena L. Zvereva
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Section of Ecology
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University of Turku
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20014
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Turku, Finland
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E-mail: [email protected]
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Mikhail V. Kozlov
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Section of Ecology
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University of Turku
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20014
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Turku, Finland
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File list
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Zvereva-Kozlov-effectiveness.txt
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Zvereva-Kozlov-costs.txt
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Description
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Zvereva-Kozlov-effectiveness.txt Tab-delimited text file containing the data that
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have been extracted from original publications and used in meta-analysis of the efficiency of
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chemical defenses of herbivorous insects. The file contains the following columns:
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1) Reference (see the list below).
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2) Prey species or group of species (as reported in the original publication).
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3) Prey family.
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4) Prey order.
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5) Prey stage (egg, larva/nympha, pupa, imago).
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6) Origin of secretion (derived from host plant: sequestered, i.e., uptake with accumulation,
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or acquired, i.e., uptake without accumulation; or synthesized de novo).
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7) Host plant of a prey (as reported in the original publication).
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8) Host plant family.
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9) Major defensive compound(s) (as reported in the original publication).
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10) Toxic properties (of major defensive compounds, as reported in the original publication or
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in review papers).
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11) Morphological defenses.
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12) Conspicuousness.
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13) Gregariousness.
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14) Externalization of defenses.
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15) Active defensive behaviour.
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16) Prey diet breadth.
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17) Experimental environment (field or laboratory).
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18) Enemy species or group of species (as reported in the original publication).
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19) Predator group.
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20) Selected species or complex of enemies (the latter refers to field experiments where all
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enemies inhabiting study area may have accessed experimental prey).
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21) Vertebrate or invertebrate enemy.
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22) Enemy trophic strategy (predator or parasitoid).
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23) Enemy diet breadth.
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24) Enemy search cues (chemical or visual).
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25) Enemy experience (naïve, experienced in the experiment with a certain prey, or wild-
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caught or observed in nature, i.e., having uncontrolled experience with a wide range of
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prey).
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26) Test object (alive prey, dead prey, prey secretions or extract).
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27) Control object (another non-defended prey species or the same prey species lacking
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defenses due to depletion of secretions or rearing on a diet lacking precursors).
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28) Measured character (deterrence, prey acceptance, prey survival, frequency of predator
attacks).
29) Effect size calculation (means, direct calculation of Hedges’ d; odds,recalculated from
odds ratio).
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30) d (Hedges’ d measure of effect size).
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31) Var(d).
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Zvereva-Kozlov-costs.txt Tab-delimited text file containing the data that have been
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extracted from original publications and used in meta-analysis of the costs of chemical defenses
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of herbivorous insects. The file contains the following columns:
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1. Reference (see the list below).
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2. Prey species or group of species (as reported in the original publication).
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3. Prey family.
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4. Prey order.
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5. Prey stage (egg, larva/nympha, imago).
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6. Origin of secretion (derived from host plant: sequestered, i.e., uptake with accumulation,
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or acquired, i.e., uptake without accumulation; or synthesized de novo).
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7. Host plant of a prey (as reported in the original publication).
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8. Host plant family.
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9. Major defensive compound(s) (as reported in the original publication).
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10. Group of defensive compounds (alkaloids; aristolochic acid; butyric esters; glucosides;
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salicylaldehyde; terpenes).
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11. Externalization of defenses.
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12. Localization of defenses (body, regurgitation, secretion).
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13. Prey diet breadth.
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14. Diet used in the experiment (plant or artificial diet).
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15. Method used in the experiment (depleting regurgitants/secretions or using plants or
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artificial diet with different concentrations of allelochemicals).
16. Measured character (consumption rate, developmental time, fat content, fecundity,
relative growth rate, survival, weight).
17. Effect size calculation (means, direct calculation of Hedges’ d; correlations, recalculated
from correlation coefficient).
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18. d (Hedges’ d measure of effect size).
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19. Var(d).
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