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Peloponnesian War
Category
Facts
Dates:
431 – 404 B.C. (27 years)
Who fought:
Sparta (Peloponnesian League) vs. Athens (Delian
League)
Key Spartan
Allies:
Key Athenian
Allies:
Causes (reasons):
Corinth, Thebes, Plataea, and eventually the Persians
Corcyra (Corfu), Marathon, Piraeus, Ionian States
1) Athens becomes rich and powerful because of Delian
League
2) Sparta becomes angry and jealous
3) Spartans don’t trust democrats
4) Athens builds “long walls”, Sparta sees as a sign of
war
5) Corinth/Corfu conflict: Sparta backs Corinth, Athens
backs Corfu
Key facts of the
war:
1) Sparta had better land force, Athens had better navy
2) Athens brings people together into the city and
plague breaks out (430 B.C.)
- last four years, 1/4 of Athenian populations dies
3) Athens suffers huge loss at Syracuse (many
Athenians die and into slavery; 413 B.C.)
4) Delian League states flee and join Sparta
5) Persians give Sparta money to stop supporting Ionian
states (hope Greek states kill each other)
6) Sparta builds up a big navy
7) Sparta able to defeat and capture the Athenian fleet at
Aegospotami
8) Sparta then shuts off all Athenian supplies
Results of the war: 1) Democracy declines, many people in Athens not
interested in public affairs
2) Others in Athens are suspicious of anti-democratic
people
3) Small battles take place between city-states for many
years (weaken Greece)