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AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC US History Ch. 21 Guide: The Cold War Begins Name_____________________ Date____________ Per. ______ Ch. 21.1: Origins of the Cold War 1. As World War II was ending, the United States and the Soviet Union became increasingly hostile toward each other. What name was given to these hostilities? How long did they last? 2. Why did tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union begin to increase? 3. List the concerns of the Soviet Union and of the U.S. Soviet Union Concerns & Goals United States Concerns & Goals 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4. 4. Why did U.S. leaders promote both international trade and free enterprise? 5. Who were the “Big Three” and what countries did they represent? 6. Complete the graphic organizer below by filling in the names of the names and dates of the two conferences held among the “Big Three” and the outcomes of each. Conference Date 7. Identify: Declaration of Liberated Europe Outcomes AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC 21.1 8. How was the Declaration of Liberated Europe an example of the Allies trying to promote democracy? 9. Why did Roosevelt and Churchill agree to recognize the Polish government set up by the Soviets? 10. Explain how Germany was divided after WW II. 11. In what way did Stalin want to weaken Germany? What specific demands did Joseph Stalin make? 12. How did these arguments over Germany affect the Cold War? 13. Give 2 reasons why the U.S. accused the Soviets of violating the Declaration of Liberated Europe? 14. How did Harry S. Truman become president in 1945? 15. Why did Harry S Truman distrust Joseph Stalin? 16. Identify: Vyacheslav Molotov 17. Describe Truman’s actions in his meeting with Soviet Foreign Minister Molotov? 18. How did this meeting affect Soviet- American relations? 18. When did Truman and Stalin finally meet? Why did Stalin suspect Truman of bullying him? 20. Identify: Iron Curtain Satellite Nation 21. Use the map on p.658. Name the 8 satellite nations of the USSR. AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC Ch 21 Sec 2- The Early Cold War Years 1. Use chart p.660. What do you think was the most important cause of the Cold War? Why? 2. Identify: Gail Halvorsen George Keenan Long Telegram Containment 3. Describe the basic American policy throughout the Cold War. 4. Name 2 geographic areas where the containment policy was tested. What were the results of each test. 5. Identify: Dean Acheson Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan. 7. How did the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan address the spread of communism? 8. Describe the creation of East Germany and West Germany. 9. Identify: Berlin Airlift NATO Warsaw Pact Mao Zedong AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC 21.2 11. Why did the U.S. send the Nationalist Government in China $2 billion in aid? 12. Was the US aid effective? Explain. 13. How did the revolution in China affect American foreign policy with Japan? 15. Why did Soviet and U.S. troops enter Korea at the end of WWII? 17. Describe the results of reunification efforts in Korea at the beginning of the Cold War. 18. How did Truman view the Communist invasion of South Korea? How did Truman respond? 19. Did China have a role in the Korean War? Explain. 20. What were the reasons behind President Truman’s firing of Gen. Mac Arthur? 21. Describe U.S. casualties in the Korean War. 22. How did the Korean War mark a change in U.S. policy? AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC Ch 21 .3- The Cold War and American Society 1. What was the New Red Scare? When was the first Red Scare? 2.Describe the American fears of Communism in 1946 and 1947. Give one example. 3. Identify: Loyalty review program J. Edgar Hoover Whittaker Chambers Alger Hiss Ethel and Julius Rosenberg 4. What was the purpose of Project Venona? 5. Was the Red Scare limited to federal government agencies only? Explain. 6. What did Sen. Joseph McCarthy claim to have with him in West Virginia and Denver? AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC 21.3 7. Identify- " The Party of Betrayal" McCarran Act McCarthyism Army- McCarthy Hearings 8. Describe Senator McCarthy’s tactics. 9. What led to McCarthy's downfall? 10.What were the effects of McCarthyism? 11. What steps did U.S. take to prepare for a surprise Soviet attack? 12. Identify: fallout fallout shelter 13. How did the Cold War affect life in the 1950"s? AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC Ch 21 Sec 4- Eisenhower's Policies 1. Give 4 reasons why many Americans believe that Harry S Truman’s foreign policies were not working? 2. List the major candidates of the 1952 presidential election and the results. 3. Why did Eisenhower believe a “ New Look” in defense policy was necessary? 4. Identify: massive retaliation Sputnik NASA NDEA 5. How did Eisenhower alter the nature of defense spending? 6. Why did the launching of Sputnik alarm Americans? 7. Identify: brinkmanship John Foster Dulles Allen Dulles CIA AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC Ch.21.4 8. How was the border established between N. Korea and S. Korea at the end of the Korean War? What separates these countries today? 9. How did Eisenhower and Dulles halt Chinese liberation plans for Taiwan? 10. How did Dulles try and build support from Arabs in Egypt? 11. Why do you think Eisenhower felt the British and French made a “ mess and botch of things” in Egypt? 12. Identify: Nikita Khrushchev military- industrial complex Frances Gary Powers 13. Where did Eisenhower use covert operations? Why did Eisenhower choose to use covert operations? 14. How did Eisenhower fight communism in Eastern Europe? 15. How did President Eisenhower try to ease Cold War tensions? Why did this attempt fail? 16. Why did Eisenhower warn Americans about the military-industrial complex? AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC