Download Properties of Substances

Lesmahagow High School
National 4/5 Chemistry
Topic 3 Problem Solving
Properties of Substances – Problem Solving
1. Predict whether the following compounds will be ionic or covalent:
a) sodium fluoride
b) magnesium sulfate
c) hydrogen sulfide
d) phosphorus (V) chloride
e) copper (II) chloride
f) methane.
2. Predict the type of bonding / structure that will exist in the
following substances. You should choose from the following
COVALENT NETWORK; COVALENT MOLECULAR; IONIC
a) substance W, has a high melting point, does
not conduct electricity when solid, but does
when dissolved in water
b) substance X, has a very high melting point
and never conducts electricity.
c) substance Y, has low melting and boiling
points, it is a gas at room temperature
3. The table below lists some elements and compounds
A
B
C
CARBON (AS
POTASSIUM
SILICON DIOXIDE
GRAPHITE)
BROMIDE
D
E
F
CALCIUM CHLORIDE METHANE
CARBON DIOXIDE
Which box or boxes contains
a) an element?
b) an ionic compound?
c) a covalent compound?
d) a substance that conducts electricity both when
molten and when dissolved in water?
e) a substance that is composed of molecules?
f) a substance that is composed of ions?
4. The table below gives the names of some elements:
A
ARGON
B
SULFUR
C
SODIUM
D
E
F
POTASSIUM ALUMINIUM
FLUORINE
Which box or boxes shows
a) an element which forms negative ions?
b) an element which does not usually form ions?
c) an element which forms ions with one positive
charge?
5.
Which two boxes show elements that
a) form a compound with the formula X2Y3?(X is
a metal and Y is a non - metal)
b) form a compound with the formula XY3? (X is
a metal and Y is a non - metal)
6. The table shows some ions
A
37
D
17
39
19
Cl –
K+
B
19
F
9
16
F–
C
O2–
8
Which box or boxes show
a) an ion with the same electron arrangement as
argon?
b) a positive ion with the same electron
arrangement as neon?
c) a negative ion with the same electron
arrangement as neon?
d) an ion with 17 protons?
e) an ion with 8 protons?
f) an ion with 20 neutrons?
g) an ion with 12 neutrons?
23
11
Na+
7. The grid below gives the name and chemical formula for some
common substances found in the laboratory,
A
D
PHOSPHORUS
P
SODIUM
CHLORIDE
NaCl
B
WATER
H2O
E
CARBON DIOXIDE
CO2
C
F
Which box or boxes shows
a) a compound composed of molecules?
b) an ionic compound?
c) a solid (at room temperature) that can conduct
electricity?
d) a substance that conducts electricity only when
molten or when dissolved in water?
GRAPHITE
C
CALCIUM
FLUORIDE
CaF2
8. The table below gives information on the melting and boiling points
of six substances A to F.
(Take room temperature to be 20 °C)
SUBSTANC
E
A
B
C
D
E
F
MELTING POINT
/ °C
350
-120
5
670
-56
-242
Which substance or substances is
a) a solid at room temperature?
b) a liquid at room temperature?
c) a gas at room temperature?
d) a solid at 500 °C?
e) a gas at -200 °C?
BOILING POINT
/ °C
600
-60
115
900
132
-230
9. The following table gives the structures/bonding present in
elements
A
B
MONATOMIC GAS
D
C
COVALENT
MOLECULAR
DIATOMIC GAS
E
METAL
COVALENT
NETWORK SOLID
a) The structure / bonding present in chlorine
b) The structure / bonding present in silicon
c) The structure / bonding present in argon
d) The structure / bonding present in lithium
e) The structure / bonding present in sulfur
f) The structure / bonding present in hydrogen
g) The structure / bonding present in potassium
COVALENT
MOLECULAR
SOLID