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Kindergarten (K5) 2006–2007 Mathematics Pacing Guides Wisconsin Mathematics Standard Throughout The Year A. Mathematical Processes MPS Learning Target (Kindergarten) Note: Mathematical processes need to be embedded in all mathematical strands throughout the school year. Math processes are assessed on the WKCE-CRT and reported as a separate proficiency area. For example, students are asked to provide written justifications and explanations, pose problems, and represent concepts. Wisconsin Assessment Descriptors for Mathematics (For Beginning of Grade 1) 1) Reasoning: Use reasoning and logic to: • Perceive patterns • Identify relationships • Formulate questions • Pose problems • Make conjectures • Justify strategies • Test reasonableness of results 2) Communication: Communicate mathematical ideas and reasoning using the vocabulary of mathematics in a variety of ways (e.g., using words, numbers, symbols, pictures, charts, tables, diagrams, graphs, and models). 3) Connections: Connect mathematics to the real world as well as within mathematics. 4) Representations: Create and use representations to organize, record, and communicate mathematical ideas. 5) Problem Solving: Solve and analyze routine and non-routine problems. Throughout The Year Calendar Activities Note: These descriptors should be reinforced throughout the year during calendar time. B. Number Operations and Relationships Learning Target #1: Connect number words and numerals, as well as coins, to the quantities they represent, and order numbers up to 20. D. Measurement Learning Target #6: Describe measurable attributes of objects, time, and temperature, and use nonstandard units to estimate and measure objects (e.g., length, weight, height, mass, capacity). Kindergarten (K5) Pacing Guide — 9/5/06 A. Number Operations and Relationships 1) Connect number words and numerals to the quantities they represent using various physical models and representations. 4) Demonstrate understanding of the relative position and magnitude of whole numbers by comparing and ordering whole numbers from 0 to 20 using the number line and physical models. 5) Identify the value of pennies, nickels, and dimes in cents (e.g., 1 nickel has the same value as 5 cents or 5 pennies). D. Measurement 2) Demonstrate understanding of the concept of time as the duration of an event and describe units for measuring time (minute, hour, day, week, month, season. 3) Describe and compare attributes of temperature (hot, warm, colder, coldest). E. Statistics and Probability 2) Collect and organize data (e.g., grouping and sorting). Curriculum Kindergarten (K5) 2006–2007 Mathematics Pacing Chart E. Statistics and Probability Learning Target #7: Collect, organize, represent, and describe data to answer questions and identify the likelihood of events. F. Algebraic Relationships Learning Target #8: Copy, extend, and generalize attribute and geometric patterns, and describe the core repeating unit. Kindergarten (K5) Pacing Guide — 9/5/06 3) Represent and display data (e.g., pictures, charts, tally marks). 4) Using the context of the data, read and report results and answer questions. F. Algebraic Relationships 1) Recognize and describe the core unit that repeats in a pattern for both attribute (e.g., color) and geometric patterns. 2) Copy, extend, compare, and generalize patterns (e.g., blue-white-blue-white is an AB pattern). C. Geometry Learning Target #4 Sort, classify, and describe characteristics of twodimensional and threedimensional shapes and realworld objects. Sub-skill: C.a: Describing figures 1) Identify and explain examples and non-examples of two-dimensional figures (e.g., triangle, rectangle, circle) and three-dimensional figures (e.g., cubes, cylinders, prisms). 2) Describe, sort, and classify shapes and everyday objects using beginning ideas of geometric properties (e.g., rolls, slides, straight sides, three corners). F. Algebraic Relationships Learning Target #8 Copy, extend, and generalize attribute and geometric patterns, and describe the core repeating unit. Sub-skill: F.a: Patterns, relations, and functions 1) Recognize and describe the core unit that repeats in a pattern for both attribute (e.g., color) and geometric patterns. 2) Copy, extend, compare, and generalize patterns (e.g., blue-white-blue-white is an AB pattern). B. Number Operations and Relationships Learning Target #1 Connect number words and numerals, as well as coins, to the quantities they represent, and order numbers up to 20. Sub-skill B.a: Concepts 1) Connect number words and numerals to the quantities they represent using various physical models and representations. 3) Demonstrate how to count with understanding and recognize “how many” in sets of objects (e.g., use one-to-one correspondence to count). Learning Target #2 Use strategies for counting and keeping track of quantities to 20 (e.g., counting all in a set, counting all in two sets, counting on) in situations with and without word problem contexts. October September Kindergarten (K5) 2006–2007 Mathematics Pacing Chart F. Algebraic Relationships Learning Target # 9 Use informal language to explain equality of number combinations and adding zero, and write number sentences for simple addition word problems. Kindergarten (K5) Pacing Guide — 9/5/06 Sub-skill F.b: Expressions, equations, and inequalities 3) Demonstrate an understanding of equality by finding combinations that make a specific number (e.g., find all the ways to make six). Kindergarten (K5) 2006–2007 Mathematics Pacing Chart February January November/December D. Measurement Learning Target # 6 Describe measurable attributes of objects, time, and temperature, and use nonstandard units to estimate and measure objects (e.g., length, weight, height, mass, capacity). Sub-skill D.a: Measurable attributes 1) Describe measurable attributes (e.g., length, weight, height, mass) of objects using non-standard units of measure (e.g., cubes, paper clips). 2) Demonstrate understanding of the concept of time as the duration of an event and describe units for measuring time (minute, hour, day, week, month, season). Sub-skill D.b: Direct measurement 3) Describe and compare attributes of temperature (hot, warm, colder, coldest). 4) Use non-standard units to quantify measurable attributes of objects. Sub-skill D.c: Indirect measurement 5) Estimate length and mass of objects using non-standard units (e.g., steps, cubes) and known referents (e.g., compare a train of 5 cubes to the height of the chair). E. Statistics and Probability Learning Target #7 Collect, organize, represent, and describe data to answer questions and identify the likelihood of events. Sub-skill E.a: Data analysis and statistics 1) Pose questions about themselves and their surroundings which can be answered by collecting numerical and categorical data. 2) Collect and organize data (e.g., grouping and sorting). 3) Represent and display data (e.g., pictures, charts, tally marks). 4) Using the context of the data, read and report results and answer questions. C. Geometry Learning Target # 5 Describe the results of putting together and taking apart twodimensional shapes and describe the location of objects using spatial relationships. Sub-skill: C.b: Spatial relationships and transformations 3) Create two-dimensional shapes by combining and decomposing other shapes (e.g., using pattern blocks to make a hexagon with six triangles, cut a square into two triangles). 4) Match three-dimensional figures to two-dimensional patterns of their faces. Kindergarten (K5) Pacing Guide — 9/5/06 Sub-skill C.c: Coordinate Systems 5) Use informal language to describe location of objects in the classroom or on a simple map (e.g., near to, far away from, on the side by the window). Kindergarten (K5) 2006–2007 Mathematics Pacing Chart March B. Number Operations and Relationships May April F. Algebraic Relationships Learning Target #1 Connect number words and numerals, as well as coins, to the quantities they represent, and order numbers up to 20. Learning Target #2 Use strategies for counting and keeping track of quantities to 20 (e.g., counting all in a set, counting all in two sets, counting on) in situations with and without word problem contexts. Learning Target # 9 Use informal language to explain equality of number combinations and adding zero, and write number sentences for simple addition word problems. Sub-skill B.a: Concepts 2) Recognize zero as a whole number (e.g., describe a set with an absence of objects) and identify zero on the number line. 4) Demonstrate understanding of the relative position and magnitude of whole numbers by comparing and ordering whole numbers from 0 to 20 using the number line and physical models. Sub-skill B.b: Computation 6) Use direct modeling and role-playing to solve simple addition and subtraction word problems. Sub-skill F.b: Expressions, equations, and inequalities 4) Use notation to write number sentences for simple addition word problems. Sub-skill F.c: Properties 5) Demonstrate an understanding that adding zero objects to a set of objects does not change its value. B. Number Operations and Relationships Learning Target # 1 Connect number words and numerals, as well as coins, to the quantities they represent, and order numbers up to 20. Sub-skill B.b: Computation 5) Identify the value of pennies, nickels, and dimes in cents (e.g., 1 nickel has the same value as 5 cents or 5 pennies). E. Statistics and Probability Learning Target #7 Collect, organize, represent, and describe data to answer questions and identify the likelihood of events. Learning Target # 3 Uses strategies to find combinations of numbers with sums to 10 in real-world situations or with objects (e.g., dots on dominoes). Learning Target #9 Use informal language to explain equality of number Sub-skill E.b: Probability 5) Describe the likelihood (e.g., possible, impossible, likely) of events. B. Number Operations and Relationships F. Algebraic Relationships Kindergarten (K5) Pacing Guide — 9/5/06 Sub-skill B.b: Computation 5) Identify the value of pennies, nickels, and dimes in cents (e.g., 1 nickel has the same value as 5 cents or 5 pennies). 7) Decompose numbers less than 10 into parts using objects and record the combinations (e.g., 6 buttons can be decomposed into 2 and 4, 5 and 1, 6 and 0, 3 and 3). Sub-skill F.b: Expressions, equations, and inequalities 3) Demonstrate an understanding of equality by finding combinations that make a specific number (e.g., find all the ways to make six). June Kindergarten (K5) 2006–2007 Mathematics Pacing Chart B. Number Operations and Relationships combinations and adding zero, and write number sentences for simple addition word problems. Learning Target #3 Uses strategies to find combinations of numbers with sums to 10 in real-world situations or with objects (e.g., dots on dominoes). Kindergarten (K5) Pacing Guide — 9/5/06 4) Use notation to write number sentences for simple addition word problems. Sub-skill B.b: Computation 6) Use direct modeling and role-playing to solve simple addition and subtraction word problems. 7) Decompose numbers less than 10 into parts using objects and record the combinations (e.g., 6 buttons can be decomposed into 2 and 4, 5 and 1, 6 and 0, 3 and 3).