Download World History Final Exam – Spring 2004

Pre-AP World History Final Exam – Spring 2010
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What action did Henry of Navarre take upon becoming King Henry IV?
What treaty ended the War of the Spanish Succession?
What was the Fronde?
What did Poland, the Ottoman Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, the governments of the nations of
Central Europe create in the mid-1600’s?
5. Why was the terrible War of the Spanish Succession primarily fought?
6. After the Thirty Years’ War, what actions did Frederick William, the Great Elector, take to secure his lands?
7. What impact did the revocation of the Edict of Nantes have on France’s economy?
8. For nearly 100 years from1559 t0 1648, what was the primary cause of most of the wars in Europe?
9. Who was Jean Baptiste Colbert?
10. Who was the greatest winner of the War of the Spanish Succession and why?
11. What country/region suffered the most in the Thirty Years' War?
12. What was the impact of the Peace of Westphalia on the Holy Roman Emperor and the German princes?
13. What event precipitated the Thirty Years' War?
14. What was the most significant consequence of the Thirty Years' War on Europe?
15. What did the Commissariat established by Frederick William in Prussia become?
16. Why was the Edict of Nantes significant?
17. What was the asiento that Britain was granted as part of the Treaty of Utrecht and why was it valuable?
18. How would you characterize the rule of Peter the Great?
19. What was Peter the Great’s main goal as czar?
20. How are the Edict of Nantes and the Edict of Fountainebleau related?
21. What was restored to England during the Restoration, all of the following were restored to England except
22. How did Elizabeth I solved the problem of Puritans’ demands?
23. What action did Philip II of Spain take as a result of the execution of Mary Stuart?
24. What was the main event that led to the overthrow of James II?
25. Where did the idea that Parliament, rather than the king, should authorize taxes originate?
26. What was the Instrument of Government?
27. What action did the Long Parliament, which met from 1640 to 1660, ultimately take against the king?
28. What was the Rump Parliament?
29. What were the major differences between the Whigs and the Tories, the two political parties that arose
during the Restoration?
30. What was the “Glorious Revolution”?
31. What did the Glorious Revolution mean for the Irish?
32. Why was the Habeas Corpus Act significant for English citizens?
33. What was the most significant concept established by the acceptance of the Bill of Rights of 1689?
34. What did the Navigation Act of 1651 require?
35. What were the major provisions of the Bill of Rights of 1689?
36. What Englishman claimed that life in a state of nature was solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short?
37. Who argued that before society was organized human had natural rights?
38. What was the most tragic event in the French religious wars?
39. In France, what group put political stability ahead of religious unity?
40. What act granted religious toleration to English Protestants, but still placed restrictions on Catholics?
41. What action did Philip II take in response to the attacks on Catholic churches in the Netherlands?
42. What actions did the Rump Parliament take?
43. What were the key provisions of the Petition of Right?
44. What purposes did Louis XIV’s Versailles serve?
45. What does it mean when a country that has a “favorable balance of trade”?
46. What historical era began when a small group of scholars began to question the accuracy of the geocentric
theory?
47. How did the philosophes view women?
48. Who relied more on experimentation? Bacon or Descartes
49. To what area of science did Andreas Vesalius, William Harvey, Edward Jenner contribute?
50. Who was the first 16th century scholar to propose a heliocentric theory of the universe?
51. To what does the phrase, “Ecrasez l’infame” refer?
52. What was Johannes Kepler’s major contribution to the science of astronomy?
53. What is another name for The “Enlightenment” of the 18th century?
54. What were the basic concepts of the 18th century Enlightenment?
55. During the 18th century, what was the most widely popular literary format among the middle class?
56. What was the primary reason the Enlightened despots or rulers of the 18th century embraced “enlightened”
ideas?
57. Who edited and published the Encyclopedia?
58. Given his belief that all men are born with a tabula rasa, to whom would you attribute the following, “No
man’s knowledge can go beyond his experience”?
59. In foreign affairs, list Catherine the Great’s achievements.
60. List the enlightened reforms made by Joseph II of Austria?
61. List the enlightened reforms made by Frederick Great of Prussia.
62. What were the long term effects of the Enlightenment?
63. During the 18th century, how did “enlightened” people typically imagined God?
64. What were the major results of the Treaty of Paris in 1763?
65. What did Galileo’s observations seem to indicate about the heavenly bodies?
66. What did Adam Smith mean by the term, “laissez-faire”?
67. What was the purpose of Charles VI’s Pragmatic Sanction?
68. What event began The War of Austrian Succession?
69. What one thing did all members of the Third Estate have in common?
70. What was the most significant factor in the financial collapse of the French government on the eve of the
revolution (1788-1789)?
71. What groups belonged to each of the three estates of the Old Regime of pre-1789 France?
72. What event marks the symbolic start of the French Revolution?
73. After the king called for the Estates General to meet, what concern arose over voting?
74. What was the Great Fear of 1789?
75. Why did the royal family’s flight to the Austrian Netherlands in 1791 disorient the Revolution?
76. What action taken by the National Assembly resulted in the loss of the support of many French peasants?
77. What was the Tennis Court Oath?
78. Who urged a declaration of war against Austria in hopes of spreading the revolution?
79. What action did the Committee of Public Safety take to deal with the threat of invasion by an informal
coalition of European states?
80. What resulted from the imprisonment of Louis XVI in 1792?
81. During the Reign of Terror, who was safe from the guillotine?
82. What changes did The "Thermidorian Reaction" bring to France?
83. What was the Continental System that Napoleon established in 1806?
84. Why was the French defeat in the Battle of Trafalgar of special importance?
85. List the major provisions of the Civil Code/Napoleonic Code.
86. What impact did the English the Enclosure Movement have on the productivity of the land and on the
peasants?
87. Which was the earliest industry in Great Britain to industrialize?
88. What factors contributed to the development of industrialization in Britain?
89. Name four developments that resulted from the widespread use of railroads.
90. What was the cottage system?
91. With which groups do you associated the phrase, "the greatest good for the greatest number"?
92. List the guiding principles for the Big Four when they met in Vienna in 1814-15.
93. What was the Concert of Europe?
94. What two philosophies acted as forces for change in the 19th century?
95. What came to power as a result of the French riots of 1830?
96. What impact did the 1848 revolution on France?
97. What were the major effects of the Crimean War?
98. With whom did Cavour enter into a secret agreement prior to provoking a war with Austria?
99. Who was the individual who was responsible for uniting Sicily and southern Italy with northern Italy?
100. Describe the actions taken by Bismarck in his efforts to achieve German unification.
101. What initiated the Austro-Prussian/Seven Weeks' War? Who won? What did Italy gain? What German
political entity was formed as a result?
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Why did Italy remained weak after it was finally unified?
Who was taken captive at the Battle of Sedan during the Franco Prussian War?
What were the major effects of unification of Germany (1871)?
Who gained the right to vote in Britain as a result of the passage of the Reform Bill of 1832,
How could the government of Napoleon III be characterized?
What did the Compromise of 1867/Ausgleich?
What was the most significant reform of Alexander II of Russia?
What was the “white man’s burden”?
Who gained new territories as a result of the Spanish-American War?
Who took an interest in Egypt after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869
Who were the Boers?
In the late nineteenth century, who was the real driving force behind colonization of Central Africa?
How did British rule hurt India?
What was the goal of the Indian National Congress?
Upon what was wealth, social prestige, and political power during the nineteenth century in Latin America
based?
To improve their balance of trade with China, what did the British sell to the Chinese?
List the consequences of China’s loss the first Opium War to Britain?
By 1925, what group of Chinese people embraced Western art and literature?
List the consequences of the Meiji Restoration in Japan.
What were the results of the 1904 war between Russia and Japan?
Why did Bismarck’s Reinsurance Treaty with Russia demonstrated considerable diplomatic finesse?
How did the Triple Entente differed from the Triple Alliance?
Why did Bismarck not want France and Russia to become allies?
What action did Kaiser William II take relating to the Reinsurance Treaty?
What was the result of Germany’s heavy-handed attempt during the Moroccan crisis of 1905 as related to
Britain and France?
What 1908 event further contributed to the growing animosity between Russia and Austria?
The rivalry between which two states for domination of the Balkans helped to create serious tensions just
before World War I?
What was the goal of the Schliefen Plan?
In 1914, what impact did Germany’s “blank check” have on Austria-Hungary?
After what German action did Great Britain declared war on Germany?
What was the most important consequence of the first year of the Great War?
Why did Italy enter the Great War on the side of the Allies?
List the reasons the Great War is considered a “total war”.
Characterize “trench warfare.”
What were the goals of the Allies in the Gallipoli campaign?
What do the battles of Verdun and the Somme illustrate?
What was the Zimmerman telegram?
What impact did the U.S. entry into the Great War have on the Allies?
Why did the German government aid Lenin’s return to Russia?
How did the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk impact Germany?
List the reasons why Germany lost the Great War?
At the Paris Peace Conference, what was the one provision of Wilson’s Fourteen Points that Wilson would not
compromise?
What were Articles 231 and 232 of the Treaty of Versailles? Why was 231 necessary to justify 232?
What was the initial reaction of the Germany diplomats when they were presented with the Treaty of Versailles
in May 1919?
What was the main purpose of the League of Nations?
How did the Versailles Treaty physically divide Germany?
Why did the United States reject the Treaty of Versailles?
What was the purpose of Wilson's Fourteen Points?
What was the purpose of propaganda during the war?
What four empires disappeared as a result of the Great War?
What factors contributed to the weakness of the Weimar Republic?
153. What increased during the Great Depression?
154. Which country repeatedly formed unstable and unsuccessful coalition government before forming the
successful Popular Front?
155. Compare and contrast fascism and communism.
156. What was the Dawes Plan?
157. What factors undermined the U.S. economy in the late 1920’s?
158. Which event marked the beginning of the Great Depression?
159. What is the “spirit of Locarno”?
160. To what did nations signing the Kellogg Briand Pact agree?
161. What was Roosevelt’s New Deal?
162. What steps did the U.S. government undertake during the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt to improve
the American economy?
163. What factors led to the development of extremist groups in post-war Germany?
164. What was the Enabling Act?
165. What action in 1937 marked the beginning of the war began in Asia?
166. What laws deprived Jews of their German citizenship?
167. What action taken by Hitler in 1939, Hitler violated the Munich Agreement?
168. In the late 1930’s who did Britain and France embrace as they grew fearful of the fascists?
169. What event has come to symbolize the policy of appeasement embraced by Britain and France?
170. What action did Hitler first take in violation of the Treaty of Versailles?
171. What nations sent aid to the nationalists in Spain?
172. What was the Beer Hall Putsch?
173. What was the “miracle of Dunkirk”?
174. What was the historical significance of the Battle of Britain?
175. What cleared the way for the United States to send weapons and supplies to the Allies?
176. During the Battle of Britain, what was Hitler’s greatest tactical error?
177. Why did Hitler attack the Soviet Union?
178. Why was the success of Operation Torch significant?
179. Which battle marked the final German offensive?
180. What did the United States do in reaction to Japanese aggression in China?
181. What battle was the turning point in the Pacific?
182. What was the United States' strategy for defeating Japan in the Pacific?
183. What battle prevented the Japanese were prevented from attacking Australia?
184. What was the reason President Truman ordered the use of the atomic bomb?
185. Who led the first raid on Tokyo?
186. What was Y-Day and when did it occur?
187. What was D-Day and when did it occur?
188. Who were Alcock and Brown, Lindbergh, Earhart?
189. Who were Hoch, Tzara, Duchamp?
190. What were Stalin’s Five Year Plans?
191. Who were Goebbels and Reifenstahl?
192. Who was Jean Paul Sarte?
193. What was Lenin’s New Economic Policy?
Be able to identify artwork related to Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, Post-Impressions, and Surrealism.