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NZQA registered unit standard 27913 version 1 Page 1 of 6 Title Demonstrate basic knowledge of telecommunications concepts Level 2 Purpose Credits 10 This unit standard covers basic telecommunications principles and is intended for telecommunications technicians. People credited with this unit standard are able to: – describe the OSI model, and relate the model to telecommunications network components; – demonstrate knowledge of the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) in terms of its operation and the services provided; – demonstrate knowledge of digital network services in terms of their operation and the services provided in terms of the OSI model; – demonstrate knowledge of radio network services in terms of their operation, the services provided, and the key features of each service; and – demonstrate knowledge of TCP/IP networks in terms of their operation and the services provided. Classification Telecommunications > Telecommunications - Service Delivery Available grade Achieved Explanatory notes 1 This unit standard has been developed for learning and assessment off-job. 2 The knowledge covered by this unit standard is expected to be at an introductory and non-mathematical level, with the objective of introducing relevant terminology and giving a broad overview of telecommunications. OSI model layer 0, while not usually considered part of the OSI model, is used to refer to those parts of a telecommunications network such as ducts, trenches, pits, enclosures and lead in pipes. Knowledge of the OSI model components 4-7 is covered in other unit standards, and should only be assessed at a basic factual level in this unit standard. 3 Definitions ATM – Asynchronous Ttransfer Mode. Basic knowledge – employing some operational and theoretical knowledge of the subject matter to interpret available information. CAN – Customer Access Network. CPE – Customer Premises Equipment. DB9 – a type of connector. DHCP – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. The Skills Organisation SSB Code 100401 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2017 NZQA registered unit standard 27913 version 1 Page 2 of 6 DNS – Domain Name System. DMZ – DMZ Zone of a router allowing internet access to hosted servers. DSL – Digital Subscriber Line. IPv4 – Internet Protocol Version 4. IPv6 – Internet Protocol Version 6. ISDN – Integrated Services Digital Network. LAN – Local Area Network. LC – Lucent Connector. MAC – Media Access Control. MAN – Metropolitan Area Network. MPLS – Multi-Protocol Label Switching. OSI – Open Standard Interface. PAN – Personal Area Network. PDH – Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy. PON – Passive Optical Networking PSTN – Public Switched Telephone Network RJ11 – Registered Jack11. RJ45 – Registered Jack 45. SSID – Service Set Identifier. SAN – Storage Area Network. SC – Square Connector. SDH – Synchronous Digital Hierarchy. TCP/IP – Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. USB – Universal Serial Bus. VOIP – Voice over Internet Protocol. WAN – Wide Area Network. WEP – Wired Equivalent Privacy. WPA – Wireless Protected Access. 4 Range For outcomes 2 and 3, explanations to include relevant equipment, signalling paths and switched circuit pathways from call initialisation to call completion. Descriptions do not need to include specific details of network structures and protocols used in the call routing across multiple exchanges. Outcomes and evidence requirements Outcome 1 Describe the OSI model, and relate the model to telecommunications network components. Evidence requirements 1.1 Describe typical telecommunications hardware and services in terms of the OSI model and applications network. 1.2 Describe in simple terms with the aid of a diagram the basic concepts of peer to peer communication in terms of the OSI model. 1.3 Describe the transmission media employed in telecommunications with reference to general characteristics and applications. The Skills Organisation SSB Code 100401 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2017 NZQA registered unit standard Range 1.4 bandwidth requirements, errors, tolerance to noise, crosstalk, and impedance matching. Identify networks in terms of services offered. Range 1.6 transmission media – unshielded twisted pair, coaxial cable, fibre optic cable, microwave relay systems, cellular radio, microcell networks for LANs. Compare digital and analogue data transmission. Range 1.5 27913 version 1 Page 3 of 6 networks may include but are not limited to – CAN, DSL, SAN, PAN, PON, LAN, MAN, WAN; evidence of a minimum of three networks is required. Identify a range of network topologies from given examples. Range star, ring, mesh, bus, tree. Outcome 2 Demonstrate knowledge of the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) in terms of its operation and the services provided. Evidence requirements 2.1 Describe the operation of customer premises equipment used with the PSTN with reference to the functions of the components. Range 2.2 Describe the types of multiplexing used in the PSTN systems with reference to process input and output signals, advantages and applications. Range 2.3 equipment – telephone, modem; components may include but are not limited to – microphone, receiver, tone signalling, ringing, modulation, 2 to 4 wire conversion. may include but is not limited to – PDH, SDH, TCP/IP, MPLS. Describe the functions and features of a PSTN exchange and the interconnection of exchanges in terms of call routing. Range The Skills Organisation SSB Code 100401 may include but is not limited to – switching plan and topology, local exchange, transit exchange, international exchange, gateway exchange, backhaul bearers. New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2017 NZQA registered unit standard 27913 version 1 Page 4 of 6 Outcome 3 Demonstrate knowledge of digital network services in terms of their operation and the services provided in terms of the OSI model. Evidence requirements 3.1 Describe with the aid of a block diagram the operation of customer premises equipment used with a digital network with reference to the functions of the modules and services offered. Range 3.2 Describe types of multiplexing used in a digital network system with reference to process input and output signals, advantages, and applications. Range 3.3 equipment may include but is not limited to – network termination unit, router, analogue telephone adapter, optical network interface, residential gateway; modules may include but are not limited to – modulator, demodulator, packet router, media convertor, optical-electrical convertor; evidence of two types of CPE is required. types of multiplexing may include but are not limited to – PDH, SDH, TCP/IP, MPLS, ATM, ISDN; evidence of two types of multiplexing is required. Describe the functions and features of a digital network in terms of offered services. Range functions and features may include but are not limited to – low latency, signalling channels, voice circuits, low jitter, VOIP, high data transfer speed, enhanced services. Outcome 4 Demonstrate knowledge of radio network services in terms of their operation, the services provided, and the key features of each service. Range radio, cellular. Evidence requirements 4.1 Describe the operation of end user equipment, with reference to the functions of the components. Range 4.2 equipment – cellular phone, radio telephone transceiver; components may include but are not limited to – microphone, receiver, modulation, display, keypad, antenna. Describe the functions of base station hardware used in radio network systems with the aid of a block diagram. The Skills Organisation SSB Code 100401 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2017 NZQA registered unit standard Range 4.3 may include but is not limited to – antenna, receiver, transmitter, controller, alarm/quality monitoring, call accounting. Describe the functions and features of radio network systems. Range 4.4 27913 version 1 Page 5 of 6 radio network systems may include but are not limited to – 2G networks, 3G networks, 4G networks, trunked radio, mobile radio, Wi-Fi. Describe interconnection of radio network systems with the PSTN and Data networks in terms of features and services offered by the interconnection. Range radio network systems may include but are not limited to – 2G networks, 3G networks, 4G networks, trunked radio, mobile radio, Wi-Fi. Outcome 5 Demonstrate knowledge of TCP/IP networks in terms of their operation and the services provided. Evidence requirements 5.1 Describe hardware to permit connection to an existing network in terms of features provided. Range 5.2 Describe configuration of TCP/IP hardware to permit connection to an existing network for a given situation. Range 5.3 router, switch, hub, wireless access point. may include but is not limited to – IPv4, IPv6, address, netmask, subnet prefix, gateway, DNS server, DHCP, MAC address, WEP, WPA, SSID. Identify physical data interfaces used for IP connections in terms of connector used, application and transfer speeds. Range RJ11, RJ45, LC, SC, USB, DB9. 5.4 Describe IP addresses in terms of host and network portions for a given netmask (IPv4) or subnet prefix (IPv6). 5.5 Describe NAT in terms of the function of a border router. Range 5.6 evidence of a router supporting a minimum of three network interfaces is required. Describe methods of establishing communication with equipment behind a firewall. Range The Skills Organisation SSB Code 100401 fixed IP, port forwarding, IP forwarding. New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2017 NZQA registered unit standard 27913 version 1 Page 6 of 6 Replacement information This unit standard replaced unit standard 17397. Planned review date 31 December 2017 Status information and last date for assessment for superseded versions Process Version Date Last Date for Assessment Registration 1 18 July 2013 N/A Consent and Moderation Requirements (CMR) reference 0003 This CMR can be accessed at http://www.nzqa.govt.nz/framework/search/index.do. Please note Providers must be granted consent to assess against standards (accredited) by NZQA, before they can report credits from assessment against unit standards or deliver courses of study leading to that assessment. Industry Training Organisations must be granted consent to assess against standards by NZQA before they can register credits from assessment against unit standards. Providers and Industry Training Organisations, which have been granted consent and which are assessing against unit standards must engage with the moderation system that applies to those standards. Requirements for consent to assess and an outline of the moderation system that applies to this standard are outlined in the Consent and Moderation Requirements (CMR). The CMR also includes useful information about special requirements for organisations wishing to develop education and training programmes, such as minimum qualifications for tutors and assessors, and special resource requirements. Comments on this unit standard Please contact The Skills Organisation [email protected] if you wish to suggest changes to the content of this unit standard. The Skills Organisation SSB Code 100401 New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2017