Download World War II - Hewlett

Name ____________________________
UNIT 10 - 1. WORLD WAR II
Causes of World War II
Although there were many causes of World War II, much of the blame is traced to the failure of the Treaty of
Versailles at the end of World War I. During the 1920’s and 1930’s, totalitarian states had established
control under: Nazi leader Adolf Hitler in Germany; fascist leader Benito Mussolini in Italy; communist
leader Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union, and Emperor Hirohito in Japan. The inability of the League of
Nations to deal with the aggressive acts of these nations, combined with the isolationism of the U.S., and the
appeasement of Adolf Hitler eventually led to World War II. In the years following the rise of dictators in
Europe, an ethnic cleansing of undesirables was carried out in Hitler’s Final Solution.
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
1. How did the Versailles Treaty help lead to World
War II?
VOCABULARY
Totalitarian state (gov’t)
Fascism
2. What acts of aggression helped lead to WW II?
Nazi Party/ Third Reich
3. What role did the following totalitarian leaders
play in World War II?
a) Benito Mussolini-
Master race/Aryans
b) Adolf Hitler-
Communism
c) Joseph Stalin
Hitler-Stalin (Nazi-Soviet) Pact
4. What was the Holocaust?
Appeasement/ Munich Pact
Final Solution
Concentration Camps
WAR IN EUROPE
Beginning with the attack on Poland, the German strategy of blitzkrieg allowed Hitler to quickly overrun
much of Europe. The refusal of Britain’s Winston Churchill to surrender and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin’s
defeat of the German army at the Battle of Stalingrad thwarted Hitler’s plan to conquer all of Europe. The
Allies invasion at Normandy (D-Day), led by Dwight Eisenhower, and the Battle of the Bulge marked the
“beginning of the end” for the Germans.
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
VOCABULARY
1. How did the following contribute to the Allied
victory in Europe?
a-Battle of Britain/ RAF
Axis powers
Blitzkrieg
b-Battle of Stalingrad
c-D-Day (Normandy Invasion)
Winston Churchill
Charles deGaulle
General Eisenhower
d-Battle of the Bulge
HOMEFRONT
The war greatly affected our Homefront, as the American government mobilized for war and set up
internment camps for Japanese-Americans. We relied on rationing, grew victory gardens, and sold War
Bonds. The role of women changed as they entered the work force and joined the armed services.
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
VOCABULARY
1. How did America mobilize its economy for war?
Lend Lease Act
Japanese-American Internment camps
2. What roles were played by women during WWII?
rationing
3. How did rationing, victory gardens, and war bonds
help the U.S. war effort?
Rosie the Riveter
Tuskegee Airmen
Harry Truman
WAR IN THE PACIFIC
The U.S. declared war on Japan after the bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. In order to attack
Japan, we embarked on a strategy of island hopping (under the leadership of Douglas MacArthur) to
capture Pacific islands such as Iwo Jima and Okinawa. The Manhattan Project was responsible for the
development of the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
1. What were the results of the Japanese attack on
Pearl Harbor?
2. Describe our strategy of island hopping used to
win the war against Japan?
VOCABULARY
Douglas MacArthur
Kamikaze
Bataan Death march
3. What was decided at the Potsdam Conference?
Manhattan Project
4. How did the following help contribute to our
victory over Japan?
a. Battle of Midway
Emperor Hirohito
b. Iwo Jima/Okinawa
Navajo Code Talkers
c. Hiroshima/Nagasaki
AFTERMATH OF WAR
The impact of the war included the physical destruction of countries in Europe and Asia; the loss of millions
of civilians; the uncovering of the Nazi Holocaust, leading to the Nuremberg Trials and the creation of
Israel, the formation of the United Nations; the change in the role of the United States in foreign affairs; and
the beginning of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union.
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
1. What were the human and economic costs of the
war?
VOCABULARY
Nuremberg Trials
Yalta Conference
2. How were the countries of Germany and Japan
treated by the Allies as a result of WWII?
United Nations