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CRS 4205 PLANT VIROLOGY AND BACTERIOLOGY 2. INSTRUCTOR(s): Dr. Richard Edema (B.Sc (Agric.) MUK, M.Sc, MUK; PhD (Ohio State University) Dr. Geoffrey Tusiime (B.Sc (Agric.) MUK, M.Sc, MUK; PhD, MUK 3. COURSE TYPE: Core for B.Sc. Agric. (Crop Science Option) 4. COURSE STRUCTURE 3 Credit units comprising 30 lecture hours (2 contact hours per week for 15 study weeks) and 30 practical hours (1 contact hour per week for 15 study weeks) 5. COURSE DESCRIPTION: Characteristics and properties of viral plant diseases. The symptoms of disease produced. Principles of transmission, viral disease detection, diagnosis, epidemiology, management and current nomenclature used. Plant pathogenic bacteria, the types of disease they cause their identification, culture, classification, transmission infection processes, and control. Life cycles in relation to disease development, host physiological responses to infection, ecology and control. 6. COURSE OBJECTIVES: To know and apply principles of identification, physical/chemical/genetic characteristics and virus taxonomy to problems of diagnosis, etiology, epidemiology To appreciate the breadth of viruses infecting plants and their economic impact and control 7. RECOMMENDED REFERENCES FOR READING Mathews’ Plant Virology (4th Edition). Academic Press (2002). By R. Hull. Fundamentals of Plant Virology. By R.E.F. Mathews. Plant Pathology (5th Edition). Academic Press (2001). By G.N. Agrios. Guide to Plant Pathogenic Bacteria (1986). CABI, Kew, Surrey, England. By J. F Bradbury. Laboratory Guide for Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. (2001) 3rd Edition. APS Press. St. Paul, Minnesotta, USA. By Schaad, N. W., Jones, J. B and W. Chun. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol 1. (1984). Williams and Wilkins Co. Baltimore. By Krieg, N. R. and J. G. Holt. 8. COURSE CONTENT, METHODS OF INSTRUCTION AND TOOLS AND REQUIRED TOPIC CONTENT METHOD OF INSTRUCTION / Time allocated 1. Introduction Interactive Lecture Brief review of characteristics of plant viruses (2 hrs) Economic importance Morphology Structure and composition (Protein/Nucleic acid) 2. Structure of Lecture (2 hrs) The biological function viral genome Coding Virus infection and synthesis Practicals: Inoculation of plants. Practical (3 hrs) Observation of disease symptoms. Assay: Local lesion assay. Preservation of specimens. 3. Virus Lecture (2 hrs) Seed, pollen, soil, water and vegetative TOOLS/ NEEDED BB/Chalk, BB/Chalk Plant samples Lab chemicals BB/Chalk, transmission 4. Virus movement 5. Detection and identification of plant viruses 6. Plant virus taxonomy 7. Important viral diseases and their control 8. Important viral diseases and their control 9. materials. Arthropod transmission - types and characteristics Vector transmission by organisms other than arthropods Translocation and distribution in plants Lecture (2 hrs) BB/Chalk, Symptoms and virus indexing Cytology and Light Microscopy Electron Microscopy Serology/Serological Techniques Modern biotechnology Techniques Nomenclature Classification system Practicals: Characterization of viruses; serologic, centrifugals, spectrophotometric plus molecular analytical methods; DNA based polymerase chain reaction techniques Brief review of types of symptoms Physiology of infected plants Lecture (2 hrs) BB/Chalk Lecture (2 hrs) BB/Chalk, Practical laboratory (3 hrs) Enzymes, Antisera Lecture (2 hrs) BB/Chalk, Lecture (2 hr) BB/Chalk. Case studies of viral diseases of importance on key crops of importance to Ugandan (Cassava, Maize, Sweet-potato and Cowpeas) Current control strategies Field tour to NaCRRI and MUARIK Continuous assessment 1 10. Review of introduction to bacteriology Bacteria and mankind Anatomy of the bacterial cell Functions of different cell components 11. Bacterial metabolism Enzymes, energy production and utilisation Practical: Isolation of bacteria and bacterial diagnosis 12. Bacterial growth Conditions influencing bacterial growth Practical: : Plant inoculation 13. Bacterial pathogenesis The disease cycle Mechanical means of bacterial plant attack Chemical means of bacterial plant attack Practical (4 hrs) Lecture (1 hr) Transport for 40 BB/Chalk. Tutorial/exercises (2 hrs) Interactive Lectures BB/Chalk. (2 hrs) Handouts. Lectures (2 hrs) LCD Projector, BB/Chalk. Laboratory Practical Plant disease (4 hrs) samples Culture media Lectures (2 hrs) LCD Projector, BB/Chalk Laboratory Practical Plant disease (4 hrs) samples Culture media Lectures (2 hrs) LCD Projector, BB/Chalk Laboratory Practical Plant samples (4 hrs) Plastic buckets 14: Bacterial plant diseases and their management 15. Bacterial plant diseases and their management contd. Practical: Plant inoculation Root and tuber diseases Vegetable diseases Grain legume diseases Interactive lecture (1 hr) Continuous assessment II Fibre crops diseases Banana and Plantain diseases Flower diseases Interactive lectures LCD Projector, (2 hrs) BB/Chalk Field tour Examination (1 hr) Tour to NaCRRI and MUARIK (4 hrs) Class assignment (1 hr) 16-17 LCD Projector, BB/Chalk Revision Time Final Examination 9. SUMMARY OF TIME NEEDED Lectures and class assignments Practicals 32 hrs 26 hrs 10. COURSE ASSESSMENT: Continuous Assessment Test Laboratory practicals Final examination 30% 10% 60% Transport for 40