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Manifest Destiny Rubric Foldable Chapter 12 Requirement Three Sheets of paper (1) Labeled Correctly: Manifest Destiny (Main title), Oregon Country: Texas: New Mexico: California and Utah (6) Definition of Manifest Destiny (1) The idea that the United States was meant to extend its borders from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. Also known as westward expansion. Who came up with the slogan? When? (2) John O’ Sullivan, 1845 Oregon Country: Where is it? pg 356 (1 ) The huge area that lay between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains north of California. It included all of what is now Oregon, Washington and Idaho plus parts of Montana and Wyoming States that came from it (1) Oregon, Washington, Idaho, parts of Montana and Wyoming Treaty it was from (1) Adams-Onis Treaty Oregon Trail: How long was the journey? 2000 miles Where did it start? Independence, Missouri What did it cross? Great Plains, Rocky Mountains What rivers did it cross? (4) Snake River, Columbia River, Platte River “Fifty-Four Forty or Fight!” what does this mean? (1) The slogan referred to the line of latitude that the Democrats believed should be the nation’s northern border in Oregon. Texas: Main idea, pg 362 (1) Texans won their independence from Mexico and asked to be admitted to the United States Conflict over Texas started when? (1) – 1803 What did Stephen F. Austin do? (1) He was the leader in populating the Mexican territory of Texas. Earned the name “Father of Texas” In 1830, what did the Mexican government decree and how did Americans feel? (1) The decree stopped all immigration from the United States and encouraged immigration of Mexican and European families. It also discouraged trade between Texas and the United States by placing a tax on goods imported from the United States. Both of these actions angered Americans. Who became President of Mexico in 1833? (1) General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna What was the Alamo and what happened there in 1836? (2) The Alamo was a mission in San Antonio, Texas. +/- Manifest Destiny Rubric Foldable Chapter 12 Texan forces waged a battle against Santa Anna and his army for 12 days. The Texans lost the battle but bought much needed time. When did Texas declare its independence? (1)Where? (1) Texas declared its independence on March 2, 1836. Texas declared its independence at Washington-on-the-Brazos. Who was the commander in chief of the Texas forces after it declared its independence? (1) Sam Houston Battle of San Jacinto: When? (1) April 12, 1836 What was the battle cry? “Remember the Alamo! Remember Goliad!” (1) What happened at the end of the battle? Santa Anna was captured and he signed a treaty that recognized the independence of Texas. (1) Why did Andrew Jackson refuse to annex Texas? (1) Because the addition of another slave state would upset the balance of slave and free states in Congress. When did Texas become a state? (1) December 29, 1845 Who was the President of the US when Texas became a state? (1) James K. Polk War with Mexico: What states are included in the territory? (5) New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah and parts of Colorado and Wyoming What was the Santa Fe Trail and what land/rivers did it cover? (4) The Santa Fe Trail was a mostly flat route from Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe. Traders would purchase goods prior to leaving, take the trail to Santa Fe, where they could sell the goods for a huge profit. The trail left the Missouri River and crossed the prairies to the Arkansas River. It followed the river west toward the Rocky Mountains before turning south into New Mexico territory. What was the effect of an increase in trade with New Mexico? (1) Americans began settling in New Mexico and the idea of Manifest Destiny became popular. Many people saw New Mexico as territory worth acquiring, with an eye on the Mexican territory of California. What had influenced culture in California? (1) Spanish explores and missionaries from Mexico influenced the culture of California. How did John C. Fre`mont describe the climate of California? (2) He described California as having a mild climate, scenic beauty, and an abundance of natural resources. What did some Americans say was the benefit of extending the US to the Pacific? (1) The United States would be safely bordered by the sea instead of by a foreign power. What did the US insist was the border of Texas? (1) Rio Grande Manifest Destiny Rubric Foldable Chapter 12 What did Mexico say was the border of Texas? (1) Nueces River (150 miles farther north than the Rio Grande) Why did Polk call an emergency cabinet meeting and what did they agree upon? (3) An emergency meeting was called because of the Mexican attack on a small group of General Taylor’s soldiers on American soil. The cabinet agreed the attack was grounds for war with Mexico. How did Frederick Douglass feel about the Mexican War and why? (1) He called the war disgraceful and cruel. He believed that if the United States expanded west the southern states would carry slavery into the new territories. What flag was used to show the independent Republic of California? (1) Bear Flag (a bear and a star on a white background) Who did Polk send to capture Mexico City? (1) General Winfield Scott What was the peace treaty that ended the Mexican War and when was it signed? (2) The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo February 1848 What became the official border of Texas? (1) Rio Grande New states from Mexico? (2) California, New Mexico 1853 – purchase and price(2) Gadsden Purchase $10 million States from the 1853 purchase (2) Arizona, New Mexico California and Utah Gold Rush: When? (1) 1849 Where? (1) California People who came to mine were called (1) Fourty-Niners What mountain range did they have to cross to get there? (1) Sierra Nevada What countries sent ‘49ers? (5) Mexico, South America, Europe, Australia, China Define “boomtown” (1) Boomtowns were communities that developed overnight as people rushed to look for gold. What happened to San Francisco? (1) San Francisco grew from a tiny village of 2,000 to a city of about 20,000 people. Levi Strauss: who was he? (1) What did he create? (1) Levi Strauss was a Jewish immigrant. He created sturdy pants made of denim which he sold to miners. Manifest Destiny Rubric Foldable Chapter 12 Religious Refuge in Utah: What religion? (1) Mormon (members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints) Founder? (1) Joseph Smith What happened to him? (1) He was killed by a mob in Illinois. Who took over? (1) Brigham Young Where did they settle? (1) Great Salt Lake – in present day Utah When did Utah become a state? (1) 1896 CAUSE and EFFECT Chart from page 377 (6) Causes Americans accept Manifest Destiny. As the East becomes more crowded, Americans want more land. The West contains furs, lumber, and precious metals. Effects Native Americans are forced off their land. The United States wars with Mexico. The United States extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Total possible points 92