Download Taxonomy- science of naming and classifying organisms

Name:___________________
Period:__________________
Classification Notes
______________- science of naming and classifying organisms
______________- group of organisms in a classification system
______________ ______________- responsible for scientific naming system we use
today
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Binomial nomenclature
System that gives each species a 2 part scientific name using __________ words
Always ____________________ or written in italics
_____________- a group of physically similar species
o First part of a scientific name, always capitalized
___________________ indicator- most specific part of scientific name
o Second part of scientific name, always lowercase
What is the proper name for humans?_______________________________
Why use this complicated system?
1. Universal
2. Latin is a _______________ language
3. Some species have more than 1 __________________ name
Ex: roly-poly aka pillbug, sowbug, and potato bug
Armadilidium vulgare
Seven Levels of Classification
1. Kingdom (most general)
2. ______________
3. Class
4. ______________
5. Family
6. ______________
7. Species (most specific)
King Phillip Came Over For Good Spaghetti
Limitations of Linnaean Classification
1. Focuses on ______________ similarities alone
2. Does not account for _____________ evolution
3. Genetic research has proved the flaws in this system
_________________- evolutionary history for a group of species
________________- diagram that shows an evolutionary family tree- how species are
related through common ancestors
________________ characters- traits seen in some species, but not seen in others
______________- points where a branch splits
Molecular Evidence
Proteins and _____________ are compared to determine evolutionary relationships
Molecular clocks- models that use _________________ rates to measure
evolutionary time
Name:___________________
Period:__________________
Classification Notes
Classification always changing, but currently:
____ Domains
____ Kingdoms
3 Domains
1. Archaea
2. Bacteria
3. Eukarya- Made up of _________________ cells
Classifying Organisms Today
Determine groups by comparing:
1. physical structures
2. _________________ (DNA and proteins)
3. _________________ relationships
Still discovering many new species in
1. Tropical rain forests
2. Deep ocean
6 Kingdoms
1. Archaea (Archaebacteria)
2. Bacteria (Eubacteria)
3. ______________
4. Animalia
5. ______________
6. Fungi
Archaea
Single-celled prokaryotes with special cell ____________ that allow them to live in
_________________environments
Ex: halophiles and thermophiles
Bacteria
Single-celled _________________ with cell walls made of __________________
Ex: bacteria and blue-green algae
__________________
Microscopic organisms that lack 1 or 2 characteristics to fit in any other category
Ex: euglenas, amoebas, paramecia, and single-celled algae
Plantae
Multicellular _______________ with cell walls made of ______________ with tissue
systems
Fungi
___________________ that absorb food from dead materials
Ex: mushroom (multicellular) and _____________ (single-celled)
Cell walls made of _______________
Animalia
___________________ heterotrophic animals with organ systems
Ex: humans, cats, insects, worms, sponges, etc