Download Final Review Chapter 7 What is strata? Is the fossil record complete

Final Review
Chapter 7
What is strata?
Is the fossil record complete? Why or why not?
Is it easy to become a fossil? Why or why not?
What is taphonomy?
Millions of years ago there was one supercontinent called __________________. This has broken
apart because of ___________________.
What is the Law of Superposition?
What is the difference between relative and absolute dating?
What are examples of each?
What is an index fossil? Give an example as well.
Explain Radiocarbon Dating, including half-life and what it is used on:
Explain Radiopotassium Dating, including half-life and what it is used on:
Where are humans placed in the ape phylogeny? Why?
Has our climate always been the same? How did it change over millions of years?
Chapter 8
What is the Arboreal Hypothesis?
What is the Visual Predation Hypothesis?
What is the Angiosperm Radiation Hypothesis?
The earliest possible primates are called proprimates or ______________________________.
The video classified them as primate because they had ______________.
The two groups of euprimates are _______________________ and
_______________________. ____________________ is ancestral to Prosimians and
________________________ is ancestral to Anthropoids.
______________________ are early anthropoids with a 2-1-3-3 dental formula, so they are
ancestors of ___________________________.
____________________ is an example of Propliopithecids and is called the “dental ape” because
of a ____________ molar.
___________________ is an ape ancestor, but did not knuckle-walk.
___________________ is an ape from Europe.
___________________ is an ape from Asia that is the ancestor of modern orangutans.
___________________ is the largest primate to ever live.
Chapter 9
What is the difference between a hominid and hominin?
What are 5 characteristics of bipedal locomotion?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Hominin’s had _________________________ canines for chewing. Did they have strong or
weak chewing muscles?
What is Darwin’s Hunting Hypothesis? Is it completely correct?
What are some reasons being bipedal is advantageous?
What are some cons?
What is Owen Lovejoy’s Provisioning Hypothesis? Is there evidence for it?
_____________________________ is the first biped. His nickname is
________________________.
___________________________ means “Original Man” and is only known from femurs.
____________________________ is our “great-grandmother” and is directly ancestral to
Australopithecines. Her nickname is ___________________.
______________________ was found by Raymond Dart and showed that bipedalism came
before big brains. Its nickname is _________________________.
____________________________ is the most well-known species of this group and has two
examples: ___________________________ and ____________________________. They
were completely bidpeal. What did their footprints look like?
Why would they still have long, curved fingers?
___________________________ is a side-branch that went extinct. It had specific adaptations
for tough foods, such as:
What are anatomical differences between Australopithecines and Paranthropus?
Chapter 10
Where did human ancestors originate? (what continent?)
Three anatomical trends in the genus Homo are __________________ skull,
_______________ teeth, and ______________canine.
_____________________ is the first to use stone tools. His nickname is
____________________. His tool type is _____________________ of the Lower Paleolithic.
How did tools help Homo exploit their environment?
_____________________ began in Africa and migrated to Asia. They have a unique anatomical
feature on their skull called a ______________________. They lived for more than
___________________________ years. Their tool type is
___________________________ and an example is handaxes.
How were the anatomies of habilis and erectus different?
_________________________ is the complete skeleton of erectus that shows modern anatomy.
Who was the first to use fire? How did it help them survive?
Were habilis or erectus hunters?
Chapter 11
What are anatomical traits that are unique to modern humans?
How do these differ from traits in archaic Homo sapiens?
What are the two hypotheses explaining where humans began and why we’re the only species left?
a.
b.
Which one is supported by evidence and what is the evidence?
Who are the archaic H. sapiens species?
_________________________________ is found in Europe and used
______________________ tools. They did the first burial, known from a
_____________________________ found with the body.
_____________________________ are found in Europe and Middle East and used
_______________________ tools, including hafted spears. A unique anatomical feature is
___________________________, along with _____________ noses and
________________________ bodies adapted for extreme cold.
Were Neanderthals intelligent?
Could they speak?
What type of food did Neanderthals hunt and what technique did they use?
How do we know Neanderthals also buried their dead?
___________________________ spread around the world, relied on technology, and had the
most complex weapons, art, and culture. The best example is
_____________________________, from Europe.
________________________ is only 18,000 years old, but is very small with a small brain. His
nickname is _________________________. What are some possible explanations for this?
What happened to animal species as humans migrated around the globe?
Chapter 12
Are humans still evolving?
What happened after the domestication of crops and animals that changed the human population?
Pros:
Cons:
Has domestication and agriculture made humans healthier?
Why do modern humans have crooked teeth?
What types of diseases were found after agriculture?
What are Harris Lines?
Enamel Hypoplasias?
What types of diseases do most Americans die from today? What are they a result of?
Why is global warming a concern for living things?
How can anthropology help solve some of these urgent problems?