Download 2014-15 second semester session

UNIVERSITY OF JOS
FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2014/2015 SESSSION
COURSE CODE: MCB 203
COURSE TITLE: GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY II
CREDIT UNITS: 3
TIME ALLOWED: 2.5HRS
INSTRUCTIONS: ATTEMPT FOUR (4) QUESTIONS, ATLEAST ONE FROM
EACH SECTION
SECTION A
1. (a) What is bacterial genetic transfer?
(b) With the aid of well-labeled diagrams, describe the processes of transformation and
conjugation.
2. (a) What are bacteriophages?
(b) With the aid of well-labeled diagrams, describe the seven (7) steps in generalized
transduction.
3. (a) With the aid of well-labeled diagrams, describe plasmids in a bacterial cell.
(b) List the types of plasmids and its importance in molecular biology.
SECTION B
4. (a) Explain the nature of microbial water habitats.
(b) Describe the intrinsic and extrinsic factors in foods that determine microbial spoilage.
5. (a) With the aid of annotated diagrams ONLY, describe the process of beer production.
(b) What are probiotics?
SECTION C
6. (a) What is specific immunity and what attributes characterize this type of response?
(b) Describe using relevant examples, how chemical substances in the body could aid in
defending the body against microbial invasions
7. (a) Explain the infectious disease cycle
(b) Giving appropriate examples of causative agents, write notes on the following
(i) Botulism
(ii) Genital herpes
(iii) Tuberculosis
(iv) Common cold
UNIVERSITY OF JOS
FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2014/2015 SESSSION
COURSE CODE: MCB 204
COURSE TITLE: PRINCIPLES OF STERILIZATION, DISINFECTION
& CHEMOTHERAPHY
CREDIT UNIT: 2
TIME ALLOWED: 2 HRS.
INSTRUCTION: ATTEMPT ANY THREE (3) QUESTIONS
1. Write an essay on any three (3) antiprotozoan agents.
2. Explain in details, the disinfection methods for the following infectious
materials:
(a) Faces and sputum
(b) Sewage
(c) Contaminated surgical equipment
(d) Laboratory surfaces contaminated with blood likely to contain hepatitis
viruses and HIV.
3. (a) Chemotherapy against fungal infections have been generally less
successful than that of bacterial infections. Elaborate on two (2) main
reasons.
(b) Write short notes on the mode of action of:
(i) Nystatin
(ii) Griseofulvin
4. (a) Differentiate between antibiotics, antiseptics and disinfectants.
(b) Discuss five (5) modes of action of antibiotics
5. (a) Discuss six (6) properties of an ideal antibiotic.
(b) Explain five (5) mechanisms of antibiotics resistance.
UNIVERSITY OF JOS
FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2014/2015 SESSSION
COURSE CODE: MCB 406
COURSE TITLE: ANALYTICAL MICROBIOLOGY & QUALITY
CONTROL
CREDIT UNITS: 3
TIME ALLOWED: 2.5HRS
INSTRUCTIONS: ATTEMPT FOUR QUESTIONS ONLY; AT LEAST ONE
QUESTION FROM EACH SECTION
SECTION A
1. (a) Give reasons for the increased use of molecular based methods as diagnostic tools in
Microbiology.
(b) Briefly explain the PCR cycle.
(c) Outline the general principle of immunoassay methods.
2(a) Define HACCP and state its importance in food quality control.
(b) Identify the microbiological hazards and critical control points in the production process
of ‘’kunun-zaki’’.
SECTION B
3(a) Write on the indirect use of microorganisms as reagents.
(b) Describe a microbial assay you could employ in the determination of the concentration
of an amino acid in a food sample.
4(a) Outline the significance of the number of microorganisms in the microbiological analysis
of a product.
(b) Describe how microorganisms can be enumerated by ATP- bioluminescence.
SECTION C
5(a) Define the following words citing relevant examples:
(ii) Sterilant.
(ii) Disinfectant.
(iii) Food soil.
(b) Describe how you will test for microbiological surface cleanliness.
(c) List the different sanitizers available in the market.
6(a) With the aid of a diagram, explain Quality Control Concept.
(b) List the steps involved in interpretation of microbiological results in an industrial plant.
UNIVERSITY OF JOS
FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2014/2015 SESSSION
COURSE CODE: MCB 408
COURSE TITLE: PETROLEUM MICROBIOLOGY
CREDIT UNITS: 3
TIME ALLOWED: 2.5HRS
INSTRUCTIONS: ATTEMPT FOUR QUESTIONS ONLY; ATLEAST 2
QUESTIONS FROM EACH SECTION
SECTION A
1(a) Compare and contrast the theories of the origin of petroleum.
(b) Write on the role played by microorganisms in the biogenesis of fossil fuels.
2(a) In tabular form, give any four differences between biodegradation and bioremediation.
(b) Describe briefly relevant examples of microorganisms, substrates, biochemistry and
significance of the following processes in Petroleum Microbiology (i) Bioprospecting
(ii) Bioremediation (iii) Denitrogenation and (iv) Desulphurization.
3. (a) Describe the biochemical pathways, microorganisms and enzymes associated with
microbial degradation of n-alkanes.
(b) Explain with specific examples how microbiologists can use microorganisms to (i)
boost the production and (ii) enhance the quality of fossil fuel respectively.
SECTION B
4(a) Outline the role of the following microorganisms in methanogenesis:
(i) Aspergillus sp. (ii) Bacillus sp. (iii) Clostridium sp. (iv) Micrococcus sp. (v) Acetobacter
sp. (vi) Acetobacterium sp (vii) Methanospirillum sp. (viii) Methanosarcina sp.
(ix) Selenomonas sp. (x) Methylomonas sp.
(b). Explain the factors affecting biomethanation in nature.
5(a). Describe the production of a named natural gas through CO2 reduction.
(b) Using a flow diagram, describe the fate of corncobs, corn stalks, rice chaff and palm oil
in a methanogenic habitat.
6(a) Define Microbial Induced Corrosion (MIC). How do the following microorganisms
contribute to MIC?
(i) Sulphate reducing bacteria.
(ii) Acid producing bacteria.
(iii) Fungi.
(b) What is the ecological significance of methanotrophs?
UNIVERSITY OF JOS
FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2014/2015 SESSSION
COURSE CODE: MCB 409
COURSE TITLE: TOXICOLOGY
CREDIT UNITS: 3
TIME ALLOWED: 2.5HRS
INSTRUCTIONS: ATTEMPT FOUR (4) QUESTIONS; ATLEAST TWO FROM
EACH SECTION
SECTION A
1. Historically, age of enlightenment in the field of toxicology is characterized by the
principles and prepositions of Paracelcus (1493 - 1541). Discuss.
2. (a) List various criteria for establishing a standardized toxicity test
(b) What are the advantages of standardized testing?
(c) Highlight five (5) ways to judge effectiveness of a standardized testing.
3(a) Briefly discuss the fields of toxicology based on research and specific socio-medical
issues.
(b) Explain the two (2) major forces behind the development of fields of toxicology.
SECTION B
4. Discuss the role of bats in the transmission of infectious diseases.
5. Describe the process of envenomation in arthropods and snakes.
6. Discuss the parameters that should be considered for ensuring good drinking water quality.
UNIVERSITY OF JOS
FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2010/2011 SESSSION
COURSE CODE: MCB 308
COURSE TITLE: IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOCHEMISTRY
CREDIT UNITS: 4
TIME ALLOWED: 3 HRS
INSTRUCTIONS: ATTEMPT ANY FIVE QUESTIONS ONLY
1(a) Why is the structure of IgG considered the model for all five immunoglobulin?
(b) Outline the functions of immunoglobulins.
2(a) What is autoimmunity?
(b) Illustrate the mechanism of autoimmunity with specific diseases.
3(a) Explain the activation of the complement by the classical pathway.
(b) Outline the biological significance of complement activation.
4(a) Explain the term hypersensitivity.
(b) Discuss the mechanism of cytotoxic reaction as a form of hypersensitivity.
5(a) How does the immune system respond to viral and bacterial infections?
(b) Outline the possible mechanism of immune evasion in (a) above.
6. Write short notes on the following:
(i) Immunosuppression.
(ii) Transplantation.
(iii) Specificity of antibodies.
(iv) Organs of the immune system.
(v) Antigen-antibody reaction.
7(a) Define vaccines.
(b) Describe the advantages and disadvantages of four types of vaccines citing examples for
each.
(c) Distinguish between immunization and vaccination.
(d) List the criteria for an ideal vaccine.
UNIVERSITY OF JOS
FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY
SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2010/2011 SESSSION
COURSE CODE: MCB 101
COURSE TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO MICROBIOLOGY
CREDIT UNIT: 2
TIME ALLOWED: 2 HRS.
INSTRUCTION: ATTEMPT ANY THREE (3) QUESTIONS
1a. List and explain any eight general characteristics of microorganisms.
(b). List in order the seven(7) known stages or eras in the historical
development of Microbiology.
2a. Show in a tabular form the contributions of any ten (10) named pioneers in
the development of Microbiology.
(b) State and explain briefly Koch’s postulates.
3a. Write short notes on (i) Spontaneous generation of life and (ii) Experiment
by a named scientist to disprove the theory of ‘abiogenesis’.
(b) Two scientist contributed to the establishment of the ‘’Germ Theory of
Diseases’’. Name the scientists and their contributions accordingly.
4a. Draw a well-labelled diagram of a typical prokaryotic cell.
(b) Discuss the functions of the basic organelles of the prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells.
5a. Briefly outline the similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
(b) Discuss the functions of the following in the microbial cell:
(i) Peptidoglycan.
(ii) Teichoic acid.
(iii) Porin protein.