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CHAPTER 29 – Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt “The real heart of the movement is to use government as an agency of human welfare.” Progressives (see intro paragraph) Progressive Roots Reasons for change in social philosophy Jacob Riis (and see his photo at bottom of page) Progressive groups: Muckrakers *exposé Raking Muck with the Muckrakers Magazines & competition tactic Lincoln Steffens Ida Tarbell David Phillips Ray S. Baker John Spargo Dr. Harvey Wiley Frederick Taylor (Amsco pg. 426) Muckraking goal: Answer: What issues were addressed by the major muckrakers? Direct primary Initiative Referendum Recall Australian ballot Political Progressivism Progressive goals (2): Political reforms 17th Amendment (1913) Woman suffrage “Millionaire’s Club” City-manager system Progressivism in the Cities and States Municipal (city-level) reforms Governor LaFollette o Other state reformers Progressive Women Benefits of settlement house movement Female activism areas: Muller v. Oregon 1 o Lochner v. New York Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire & political effects Temperance movement & WCTU TR’s Square Deal for Labor Square Deal 3Cs: Anthracite Coal Strike, threat & resolution TR Corrals the Corporations Elkins Act, 1903 (also see as Mann-Elkins Act in Amsco pg. 432) trustbuster Hepburn Act, 1906 Northern Securities case Other busted trusts: Meat Inspection Act, 1906 Pure Food & Drug Act, 1906 Gifford Pinchot Conservationist *reclamation Sierra Club John Muir Caring for the Consumer Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle & effects Earth Control Forest Reserve Act of 1891 Newlands Act, 1902 TR’s biggest achievement & public support reasons Hetch Hetchy controversy (give both arguments) “multiple-use resource management” The “Roosevelt Panic” of 1907 Panic of 1907 o Financial reforms The Rough Rider Thunders Out (see political cartoon on pg. 682) 1908 candidates (3) Roosevelt’s legacy Taft: A Round Peg in a Square Hole Taft’s strengths and weaknesses The Dollar Goes Abroad as a Diplomat “Dollar Diplomacy” (how was it supposed to work?) Honduras & Haiti Other American interventions Lodge Corollary (Amsco pg. 412) 2 “rule of reason” Taft the Trustbuster Taft’s trustbusting & repercussions w/TR Taft Splits the Republican Party Payne-Aldrich Tariff & reaction Ballinger-Pinchot affair TR’s “New Nationalism” Answer: Why did the Progressive wing of the Republican Party turn against Taft? The Taft-Roosevelt Rupture National Progressive Republican League candidate Roosevelt changes his mind 1912 Republican Convention controversy Ashcan School (we’ll discuss in class) 3