Download Ellen Mei, Ryan Fitzpatrick, Kevin Zhang, Brian Shen Stemmler 1A

Ellen Mei, Ryan Fitzpatrick, Kevin Zhang, Brian Shen
Stemmler 1A
Chapter 4: The Empire in Transition
DQ: To what extent was Colonial resistance successful between 1763 and 1770?
I.
Resistance to Territory Disputes
A. The Proclamation of 1763
1. Made to prevent white settlement past Appalachian mountains
2. Intent = control western movement, prevent conflict with natives, limit land speculation, and control fur
trade
3. Effective for the fur trade and land speculation, but colonists continue to successfully settle past App
Mountains despite Proc. of 1763
B. Pushing the Boundary
1. Colonists still settling past boundary→Stuart and Johnson help create new agreements with the natives →
new agreements ultimately unsuccessful in controlling white advancement past border
II. Resistance to Taxation
A. The Sugar Act (1764)
1. Colonists not allowed to have sugar trade with French and Spanish West Indies
2. Sugar duty raised and molasses duty lowered, destroying market for sugar grown in colonies
3. Colonists boycotted British goods to protest
B. The Stamp Act (1765)
1. Taxed most printed docs, not a big economic burden
2. But colonists interpret as attempt by British to raise revenue without colonial consent
3. Virginia Resolves created: colonists only taxed by own representatives, Virginians pay no taxes except
ones voted by Virginia Assembly
4. Stamp Act Congress formed to petition against King and Parliament→ spread of boycotts→ riots broke
out in summer 1765
5. To appease English merchants and American colonists Parliament repealed Stamp Act 1766
III. Resistance to British Policies
A. Mutiny Act (1765)
1. Required colonists to provide supplies and housing for soldiers (colonists had been doing so voluntarily
since French and Indian war)
2. Colonists=mad that it is now mandatory (considered it taxation without consent)
3. Massachusetts assembly refused to provide supplies; soon New York assembly followed (bigger threat
since army HQ in New York)
B. Townshend Duties (1767)
1. To enforce the law and raise revenue→disband the New York Assembly until they agreed to the Mutiny
Act and enacted new taxes (Townshend duties)
2. New taxes on imports from England - lead, paper, and tea
3. Established new board to regulate Navigation Acts to end smuggling→traders=mad
4. Colonies mad about dispersion of the New York Assembly→ thought annihilation of the rights of one
provincial government = loss of rights for everyone
5. Colonies mad about taxes→external and purely for revenue of England
C. Colonial Response
1. Massachusetts Assembly=leads opposition to the new measures→encourages others to stand up against
every tax external or internal
2. Boston merchants (mad about enforcement of Navigation Acts) led boycott against British goods
(nonimportation agreement 1768)→american industry=in fashion, British=lame
3. Lord North eventually repeals all Townshend duties except tax on tea→wants to break nonimportation
agreement and divide colonists
4.
CONCLUSION: From 1763 to 1770, Great Britain imposed policies on the New England settlements that greatly impacted the
colonies. New England colonists defied territorial arrangement policies made by the British with the Native Americans by
blatantly ignoring the guidelines in the agreement. Colonists also successfully resisted taxation laws implemented by the
British on imports, ultimately bringing the abolition of external taxation regulations. Additionally, when the British imposed
the housing of soldiers and exerted control over colonial government and taxation, the colonists reacted with boycotts and
demonstrations until the policies were repealed. Colonial resistance in response to British political and economic policies
established in the colonies was successful to a great extent in nullifying British authority.
Ellen Mei, Ryan Fitzpatrick, Kevin Zhang, Brian Shen
Stemmler 1A
The Border of the Line of the
Proclamation of 1763 confined
the English colonies to the eastern
seaboard. However, discontent at
being contained between the
Atlantic and the Appalachian
Mountain chain led to colonists
pushing further and further west.
The sudden imposing of
external taxes on the New
England colonies led to
various forms of resistance in
opposition both the taxation
without consent and against
British enforcement of their
own authority in the
colonies.
Outrage over the Townshend Act led to the formation of the Boston
Massachusetts Assembly, which advocated the resistance of the various
policies imposed on the colonies.