Download Aging Process - Care Training Online

Sensory System
Work Sheet
Name: _______________________________
Date: __________________
Name of Trainer: ________________________________
Name of Company Developing Material: Clinical Update (NZ) Ltd
Segment 2
What are the 4 main structures of the eye?
1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________________
What is the cornea?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
The cornea must remain? ___________________
What will affect vision? ________________________
What is Blepharitis? ___________________________
List 3 treatments for Blepharitis?
1. _____________________________
2. _____________________________
3. _____________________________
What causes a corneal tear?
___________________________________________________
What is the treatment for a corneal tear?
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
The lens is ____________ __________ and ___________ at birth but with age it
becomes _______ __________and may _________ ___
List what happens in presbyopia?
1. ____________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________________
What happens to the lens in a cataract? __________________
What happens to the image through a cataract? _________________________________
What does a cataract result in? _______________________
What is the treatment for a cataract? ____________
1
Where is the retina situated? ____________________________
The retina is a ________ ____________ ____________ that covers _______of the
surface.
What are the photosensitive cells called? _____________ and ______________
What do the rods and cones do? _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________
What happens in a detached retina? __________________________________________
List 4 causes of retinal detachment
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
List signs and symptoms of detached retina
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
What is the treatment for detached retina? _____________
What is the macular? ______________________________________________
What is the Macular responsible for? __________ __________ and ____________
______________
List 4 things the body uses the macular for?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
4. ____________________________________
Macular degeneration is the ___________ __________ of __________ __________ in
people over ________
How many people will get macular degeneration _____ in _______ over _______?
What is macular degeneration? _____________________________________________
___________________________________________
What are the two types of macular degeneration?
1. ____________
2. ____________
What is the treatment for macular degenerations? _________________
What can help macular degeneration? ____________________________
2
Where is the optic nerve located? ____________________________________
What does the optic nerve do? ______________________________________
What is glaucoma? ______________________________________________
What happens to the nerve fibres? ___________________________________
What is glaucoma caused by? _________________________
What is glaucoma the No 1 cause of? ______________
What part of vision goes first? ___________________________________
What are the risk factors for glaucoma?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
What is the treatment for glaucoma?
1. ____________________________
2. ____________________________
List 6 social costs of poor eye sight
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
5 ______________________________________________________________
6. ______________________________________________________________
Segment 3 – Ears
What are the functions of the ears?
1. ______________________
2. ______________________
What do the tiny cells in the ears do? ____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
What does the brain do with the signals? _________________________________
What is the name given to hearing decline from age 50? ____________________
What is the most common cause of hearing loss? ____________________________
What does this do? ____________________________________________________
How does this affect the ear drum? ________________________________________
What are the 2 types of hearing loss?
1. ________________________
2. ________________________
3
Which hearing loss is curable? __________________________
List 6 conditions that cause inner ear damage
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
5 ______________________________________________________________
6. ______________________________________________________________
List conditions that cause conductive hearing loss
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
List 6 social costs of hearing loss
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________________
6. ______________________________________________________________
Hearing Aids can cost up to $__________________
How many people are it estimated have hearing loss globally? ________________
What are 3 important things to do when cleaning hearing aids?
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
What must you ensure you do when inserting or removing a hearing aid?
________________________________________________________________
If a hearing aid battery is not working it is like having an ________ _________ in the
ear?
What is the approximate average life of a hearing aid battery? ___________
You must always make sure there are a ________ of batteries ___ _________
What must you do before you put the hearing device in a person’s ear?
________________________________________________________
List the 3 things you must do when inserting a new battery
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4
When storing hearing devices what are the 3 things you must do?
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
Why is it important to keep the battery door open when a device is not in use?
_________________________________________________
What happens to hearing when there is moisture in hearing aids?
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
What does balance help you do?
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
What does balance do?
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
List 6 things that affect the body when it is out of balance?
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________________
6. ______________________________________________________________
Where is the balance centre in the body?
__________________________________________________
What are the three loops in the ear known as? _________________
What are these loops filled with? ______________ and ______________
What happens when the head moves? _________________________________________
List 4 things that can affect balance?
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
5
What are the social costs of loss of balance disorders?
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
Segment 4 Taste
How many taste buds does a baby have? ___________________
How often are taste buds replaced in the young? __________________
What happens to taste buds with age? __________________________
What age does this begin? ______________
Are taste buds replaced with age?
Yes/No
Where to taste buds disappear from first? _______________________
With older people where are most of the taste buds found? ________________
What happens to the taste buds that are left? ____________________________
Taste buds are __________________
What do taste buds detect? __________________________________________
Taste buds send ____________ to the ___________ ___________ in the __________
What is the Gustatory Centre? ___________________________________
List what taste buds detect?
1. _____________________________
2. _____________________________
3. _____________________________
4. _____________________________
5. _____________________________
Where are most taste buds found? _______________________
Where on the tongue is more sensitive? ______________________________
What is the back of the tongue more sensitive to? ______________________
Taste buds are sensory cells connected to ___________ ________ _________
How many sensory cells are in each taste bud? _____ to _____
What do sensory cells look like? _____________________________________
What is inside each sensory cell? _____________________
What are tasted buds called? _______________
6
List where clusters are found?
1. _____________________________
2. _____________________________
3. _____________________________
4. _____________________________
List the types of Papillae
1. _____________________________
2. _____________________________
3. _____________________________
4. _____________________________
Fungiform papillae are found _____________ ______ the __________
Most are found where? _____________________
Fungiform papillae detect ___________ _________ and _________________ and also
respond to ___________ and ____________
Where are foliate papillae found? ____________________________________
What do they resemble? __________________
Where are they scattered? _____________________________________
Foliate papilla have both taste ________ and _____________ which means they are
involved in the _________ and the ___________ of the food in the mouth
Circumvallate Papillae are found where? _________________________
What are they shaped like? ___________
Circumvallate papillae are __________, ____________ and can be ________ by the
__________ _______
What are they sensitive to? _________ and __________ taste
What is it thought that circumvallate papillae are a natural protection against?
___________________
Filiform Papillae are the ________ ____________ of all papillae
What do they do? ___________________________________
What else are they responsible for? _______________________________
How does and antibacterial action occur? ___________________________________
List 3 negative emotions relating to food?
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
7
List 3 positive emotions relating to food?
1. ______________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________
Segment 5 Smell
What lines the nose? _______________________________
What does the Olfactory Glands do? _________________________________
What does the Olfactory nerve do? _________________________________
What does the Olfactory Bulb do? ________________________________
Where are the messages sent to in the brain? __________________________
Everything around you gives off odours which are ______________ which __________
through the ________ to your _____________
What are these smells (odours)? _____________________________________________
What % of taste comes from your sense of smell? __________
What age does sense of smell start to diminish? __________
What does sense of smell do? ___________________________
Name the 10 classifications of odours and give an example of each
1. ____________________
__________________________________________
2. ____________________
__________________________________________
3. ____________________
__________________________________________
4. ____________________
__________________________________________
5. ____________________
__________________________________________
6. ____________________
__________________________________________
7. ____________________
__________________________________________
8. ____________________
__________________________________________
9. ____________________
__________________________________________
10. ___________________
___________________________________________
List the 5 different smell disorders and what they mean
1. ____________________
__________________________________________
2. ____________________
__________________________________________
3. ____________________
__________________________________________
4. ____________________
__________________________________________
5. ____________________
__________________________________________
8
List the causes of smell disorders
1. _____________________________
2. _____________________________
3. _____________________________
4. _____________________________
5. _____________________________
What condition can affect and contribute to smell disorders
1. _____________________________
2. _____________________________
3. _____________________________
4. _____________________________
List conditions that can cause a temporary loss of smell?
1. _____________________________
2. _____________________________
What are the hazards and risks when sense of smell is absent?
1. ___________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________
Segment 6 Taste and smell
What happens when you sniff food? ____________________________
What does the aroma do? _________________________________________ and then it
_________ ____ _______________ to the ____________ _____________ in the brain
to _______________
What happens when you chew food? _____________ _____ _______________
What does this connect to? ________________ at the ________ of the ___________
region in the ___________
What happens when smell and taste combine? __________________________________
List 4 Social costs of smell and taste disorders
1. ___________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________
9
Segment 7 – Somatosensory system
Touch is part of the _____________ __________ which is part of the ___________
______________
Where are sensory nerve receptors found?
1. ________________
2. ________________
What does the somatosensory system do? _____________________________________
What is it essential for? __________________________
What does the somatosensory system detect?
1. ______________
2. ______________
3. ______________
List what touch detects
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
4. ____________________________________
5. ____________________________________
6. ____________________________________
7. ____________________________________
Touch works through a pathway of _____________ that lead to the __________
What does the brain do when the message is received? ___________________________
________________________________________________________________________
What are the 2 different types of sensors?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
List the 4 receptors?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
4. ____________________________________
What are mechanical receptors often called _________________________
What are mechanical receptors sensitive to?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
10
3. ____________________________________
4. ____________________________________
List what can happen to a person when they are sensory deprived?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
List how touch can have a positive effect on people
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
What are the different types of temperature receptors sensitive to?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
What is the normal/average body temperature? __________________
What regulates temperature in the body in heat? ______________________
What regulates temperature in the body in cold? _______________________
What happens to body temperature sensors with age? _______________________
Does an older person temperature always rise when they have an infection?
Yes/No
How long does it take an older person temperature to return to normal after exposure to
extremes of heat or cold? __________________________________________________
List what is likely to be absent in an older person?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
What are the risks to older people?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
As a body ages what are the changes that happen?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
4. __________________________________________________________________
11
To monitor risks, what must you do for older people?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
List the social issues older people face around body temperature maintenance?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
4. ____________________________________
List the types of pain receptors and what area of the body do they relate too?
1. ____________
________________________
2. ____________
________________________
3. ____________
________________________
At approximately what age does sensitivity to pain begin to reduce? ____________
How many older people are estimated that live with pain? _______
What is the % of older people take regular pain relief _______?
As a person ages their skin sensitivity ___________ and the risk to skin injury
___________
Some people skin becomes hypersensitive. Why? _____________________________
Why is internal or visceral pain hard to detect in older people? _____________
Internal pain can also be applied to _______________________
List 3 types of common pain in the elderly
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
List the risks associated with reduced pain sensitivity?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
What do positional receptors do?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
For positional receptors to work what is needed?
1. _______________________________________________________
12
2. _______________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________
What can upset positional receptors?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
Why is the somatosensory system important?
1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
13