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Download Chapter 10 - Causes of the Civil War Guided Notes
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Causes of the Civil War Guided Notes Section 10-1: The Divisive Politics of Slavery Sectionalism When people are more concerned with the good of their _______________________ than the good of the entire country. Northern States Economy based on _____________________ Cheap immigrant labor Small towns become ________________ Telegraph wires provide communication _____________________ of expansion of slavery Southern States Economy based on __________________________ Slave labor Rural: Small farms & ____________________________ Few immigrants Fear _________________________ of slavery will change way of life Balance of Power in Congress Shifts As the population _________________ in the North, so did its political power The North now was able to pass laws that helped the North but _________________ the South This made the ____________________ feel like their government was no longer working for them Slavery in the Territories __________________________ applies for statehood Wilmot Proviso proposes to ______________ slavery in lands gained from Mexican War South threatens to ____________________ from the U.S. Henry Clay (The Great Compromiser) offers a solution --- Compromise of 1850 1. California comes in as a free state 2. Stronger ___________________________________ 3. Slave trade banned in Washington D.C. 4. ___________________________________: let people in territories decide if they should have slavery Section 10-2: Protest, Resistance, and Violence Fugitive Slaves & The Underground Railroad __________________________________: a law that said slaves could be arrested without a search warrant and returned to the South *Example: ________________________________ returned to Virginia from Boston, Ma. Northerners counter FSA by sending slaves to Canada and passing _____________________________________ *9 states pass these laws guaranteeing slaves a jury trial and delaying their return _________________________________ *19 trips to the South *helped 300 slaves to freedom Uncle Tom’s Cabin Written in 1852 by _________________________________ Sold more than a million copies in 2 years Painted picture of very hard life of slaves… _________________ protests to harsh treatment South believes it gave a _________________ picture of slavery… Myth of the “Happy Slave” President ______________________ once met her and said: “So, you’re the lady that started this whole war.” The Kansas-Nebraska Act Introduced by Stephen Douglas ________________________________________: allowed people in those territories to decide on slavery Would _________________________ the Missouri Compromise ________ of Southerners voted for the bill Act passed in 1854 Bleeding Kansas The Sack of Lawrence, Kansas *__________________________ breaks out between Pro & Anti-Slavery forces The Pottowatomiie Massacre *Abolitionist ___________________________ believes God wants him to slavery *Brown’s followers violently kill _____ men Violence in the Senate Senator ______________________________________ verbally attacks colleague for his stance on slavery ______________________________________ beats Sumner for insulting his uncle Southerners __________________________ Brooks Northerners _________________________ him Section 10-3: Birth of the Republican Party The Whig Party Whig Party Divides 1852 – General __________________________________ becomes a presidential candidate Scott & Northern Whigs opposed Compromise of 1850 This allowed Democrat ___________________________________ to win the presidency The American Party ______________________________ to the Whig Party was the American Party Founded in 1854 Also known as the Order of the Star Spangled Banner ______________________________: favoring native born citizens rather than immigrants Became known as the _______________________________ Party _______________ over the topic of slavery Free Soil Party _____________________________ the expansion of slavery in the territories Supported laws keeping blacks ____________ of their communities in the North Believed slavery impacted the __________________ of white labor workers _________________ African Americans the right to vote Republican Party Organized in July 1854 in Jackson, Michigan Founder: _________________________________ Made up of Northern Whigs, Free Soilers, and Democrats __________________________ the Kansas-Nebraska Act Lacked national organization Chose John C. Fremont as their candidate in _______________ Election of 1856 Know Nothing Party want President _____________________ __________________ Party no longer exists ________________________ choose James Buchanan only received 45% of the vote won all Southern states except Maryland ___________________ president but does nothing when South secedes Section 10-4: Slavery & Secession Dred Scott African American who had been a slave and moved by his master to _______________________________ in Illinois & Wisconsin Scott sued for his freedom in 1857 but the Supreme Court ruled that he was considered _______________________ and thus, could not sue. Roger B. Taney was the Chief Justice who presided over the case South - ___________________! North - ___________________! Abraham Lincoln Born _______________ in Kentucky Self-educated Became a successful _____________________ and politician Gained national attention in the ___________________________________ Debates in Illinois *Lincoln: against spread of slavery *Douglas: for ____________________________________ Stephen Douglas won the Senate seat for Illinois in 1858… *but Lincoln shows the Republicans he would be a good presidential ______________________________ in 1860 Harper’s Ferry ________________________ wanted to capture an ________________________ to help slaves revolt and gain freedom Slaves did not join him Brown is arrested, charged with treason and murder… sentenced to ___________________ The North feels Brown is a _______________ The South is ________________ he’s dead His death brings the issue of slavery to the _______________________ point Election of 1860 Democrats could not agree on how to explain slavery in their platform *N. Democrats - ________________________________________ *S. Democrats - ________________________________________ Republicans - ________________________________________ Constitutional Union - ___________________________________ Abraham Lincoln _____________ the election even though he does not win a single southern state Abraham Lincoln becomes the ________ president Lincoln will take office in ________________ 1861 Southern States Leave the Union With Northern politicians in control of ___________________________ and the __________________________________, Southern states begin to __________________ from the Union. The Southern states felt that they had the right to __________________ the Union and choose its own government. _____________________________________ is elected president of the Confederate States of America The Northern states felt that all of the states had signed a contract when the ______________________________________ was agreed on, and that no state had the power to leave. Lincoln tells the South he will ___________________________ their secession Southern States Seize Federal Property Southern leaders believe ______________ in their states are theirs to have Northern leaders consider this an _______________________________ against the United States ___________________________, South Carolina: Federal troops ___________________ to surrender their post On April 12, 1861, Confederate forces fire on the supply ship ___________________________________ to prevent resupply of Fort Sumter. Later, Confederate forces fire on Fort Sumter, considered the opening volley of the Civil War. The Civil War Begins!