Download The Evryscope: the first full-sky gigapixel-scale telescope Nicholas Law

The Evryscope: the first full-sky
gigapixel-scale telescope
Nicholas Law
Octavi Fors, Jeff Ratzloff, Daniel del Ser
Philip Wulfken, Dustin Kavanaugh
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
AST-1407589
Friday, August 21, 15
Optical transient timescales
Mansi Kasliwal
iPTF14yb
PTF11agg
46
10
iPTF13dsw
−25
Relativistic Explosions
45
Luminous Supernovae 10
SCP06F6
PTF09cnd
SN2005ap SN2008es
SN2006gy
PTF09atu
PTF10cwr PTF09cwl
44
10
SN2007bi
−20
Thermonuclear
Supernovae
SN2002bj
PTF10bhp
.Ia
−15
PTF12bho
SN2007ke
Explosions
PTF11bij
PTF09dav
SN2012hn
PTF10xfhPTF11kmb
PTF10iuv SN2005E
43
10
Core−Collapse
42
Supernovae
10
Ca−rich Transients
SN2008ha
41
SN2008S Intermediate10
PTF10acbp
Luminosity
NGC300OT Red
Transients
PTF10fqs
P60−M82OT−081119
−10
Classical Novae
40
10
Luminous M85 OT
V838 Mon
Red
Novae
M31 RV
39
10
P60−M81OT−071213
38
10
V1309 Sco
−5
−1
10
0
10
1
10
Characteristic Timescale [day]
Friday, August 21, 15
2
10
Peak Luminosity [erg s−1]
Peak Luminosity [MV]
iPTF13bxl
Optical transient timescales
Mansi Kasliwal
iPTF14yb
PTF11agg
46
10
iPTF13dsw
−25
Relativistic Explosions
45
Luminous Supernovae 10
SCP06F6
PTF09cnd
SN2005ap SN2008es
SN2006gy
PTF09atu
PTF10cwr PTF09cwl
44
10
SN2007bi
−20
SN2002bj
Thermonuclear
Supernovae
43
10
Transiting exoplanets
The nearest & brightest stars
PTF10bhp
Core−Collapse
PTF12bho
Habitable zone of M-dwarfs
42
Supernovae
SN2007ke
.Ia Explosions
10
PTF11bij
PTF09dav
Asteroids around white dwarfs
SN2012hn
PTF10xfhPTF11kmb
Eclipse/transit timing & measurement
PTF10iuv SN2005E
−15
Ca−rich Transients
Exoplanet detection
SN2008ha
41
Mass-radius relation measurement
SN2008S Intermediate10
PTF10acbp
Nearby microlensing events
Luminosity
2-minute cadence even before detection
NGC300OT Red
Transients
Young & active stars
40
PTF10fqs
10
Comprehensive measurement of stellar activity
All stars V<16.5, every 2 minutes,110-degree declination
range
P60−M82OT−081119
Luminous M85 OT
−10 Young Nearby Supernovae
V838 Mon
Red
39
Novae
Monitor the objects before they go off
Classical Novae
10
M31 RV
Shock breakout & pre-outbursts
Gamma Ray Bursts
P60−M81OT−071213
Optical observations of GRBs before gamma-ray detection
38
10
Orphan afterglows across the sky
V1309 Sco
Exotic transients
−5
Post-facto localization of gravitational wave counterparts, radio transients, ...
−1
10
0
10
1
10
Characteristic Timescale [day]
Friday, August 21, 15
2
10
Peak Luminosity [erg s−1]
Peak Luminosity [MV]
iPTF13bxl
The Evryscope (“wide-seer”)
691 MPix
8,000 sq. deg. FOV
Key capability: long-term,
high-cadence monitoring of
millions of targets simultaneously
Friday, August 21, 15
The Evryscope (“wide-seer”)
691 MPix
8,000 sq. deg. FOV
24 61mm telescopes
29 MPix each
13”/pixel
Key capability: long-term,
high-cadence monitoring of
millions of targets simultaneously
dome tracks sky
1.8m fiberglass
dome (not really
transparent)
Friday, August 21, 15
German
Equatorial
mount
Evryscope
Evryscopesky
Field
coverage
of View (flipped to North)
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope
Evryscopesky
test
Field
coverage
image
of View (flipped to North)
g~16 every 2 minutes
g~18 every hour
3 mmag every 16 min. @ g=12
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope
Evryscopesky
Field
coverage
of View (flipped to North)
g~16 every
V=16.4
every
2 minutes
2 minutes
V=18 every
g~18
every hour
hour
3 mmag every 16
15 min. @ V=12
g=12
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope
Evryscopesky
Field
coverage
of View (flipped to North)
g~16 every
V=16.4
every
2 minutes
2 minutes
V=18 every
g~18
every hour
hour
3 mmag every 16
15 min. @ V=12
g=12
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope
Evryscopesky
Field
coverage
of View (flipped to North)
g~16 every
V=16.4
every
2 minutes
2 minutes
V=18 every
g~18
every hour
hour
3 mmag every 16
15 min. @ V=12
g=12
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope
Evryscopesky
Field
coverage
of View (flipped to North)
V=16.4
every
2
minutes
Every year:
V=18
every
hour
35,000 observations of ~20 million targets
3 mmag every 15 min. @ V=12
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope
Evryscopesky
Field
coverage
of View (flipped to North)
V=16.4
every
2
minutes
Every year:
V=18
every
hour
35,000 observations of ~20 million targets
3 mmag every 15 min. @ V=12
Friday, August 21, 15
Key capability: long-term, high-cadence monitoring of rare all-sky targets
>30,000 M-dwarfs
w. habitable-zone
Jupiter sensitivity
~1000 white
dwarfs rapidly
enough to see
transits
Friday, August 21, 15
70,000 bright
(V<10) stars
TESS targets w.
many-year
baselines: confirm
long-period giant
planets
Other planet-detection methods & stellar astrophysics
(very) rare nearby-star microlensing
Transit & eclipse timing
Lynette Cook
Friday, August 21, 15
Beaulieu et al. 2005
Precision timing for every
eclipsing binary & hot Jupiter in
a 100-degree declination range.
+ stellar variability, young stars,
compact objects, accretion events...
Nearby supernovae and bright GRBs
•
High-cadence imaging without
needing pointing
•
Probe shock-breakout regime
of nearby supernovae; prompt
emission from GRBs
•
Search for pre-explosion
outbursts (probing mass loss
in final stages of massive star
evolution)
SN2011FE in M101
Simulated Evryscope Image
LCOGT
original image
D. Reichart
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope @ CTIO
Thanks NSF/ATI!
Funded July 2014
Deployed May 2015
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope @ CTIO
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope image from CTIO
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope image from CTIO
0.2% of Evryscope FOV
Friday, August 21, 15
10
Etendue / m deg
2
100
2
Current survey etendues
1
ST ope S-1
LS sc R
ry AR
Ev T
nS
Pa S
LA
AT
th
S
ou
DE -S
T
SC
HA
F -H
PT ru
ba
Su A er
ST pp
VI a
yM
SP
Sk
T A
VS rW
pe s S
Su am E
C
PS
AW RM SN
TF AS
AS
HT
I
CF
LT OD
KE NIY
W SS
SD
Friday, August 21, 15
Survey parameter space
ZTF
ATLAS
Friday, August 21, 15
Observing the entire sky every three nights
LSST (6.7m eff.)
for 30 seconds
every 3 nights
0.03% duty cycle
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope (61mm)
for 3 nights
every 3 nights
97% duty cycle
Observing the entire sky every three nights
LSST (6.7m eff.)
for 30 seconds
every 3 nights
0.03% duty cycle
Evryscope (61mm)
for 3 nights
every 3 nights
97% duty cycle
In three nights, Evryscope total photon collection is
comparable to LSST’s, everywhere on the sky
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope Imaging
So far (2 months in): ~250,000 images
= 15TB of data
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope Pipeline
1. Evryscope
Astronomers
~0.8Gb/2min
2. CCD calibration
Octavi Fors
SCIENCE with collaborators!
Database
Pixel non-linearity
Deliverables
Masterdark substraction &
Master at division
Image masking
Telescope
pointing
coordinates
3. Astrometric reduction
Astrometry.net
Store images, light curves,
and catalogs
WCS TAN-SIP to
TAN-TPV conversion
100 Tb NAS running PostgreSQL
SExtractor positions
& photometry
WCS Image cutouts
around a target and time range
Multi-night light curves
Testing astrometric reduction
Targets
4. Light curves
Single-night light curve computation
Source association
Di erential photometry from
a subset of reference stars
whose RMS is minimum
Magnitude residuals tting
to a (x,y) polynomial
Multi-night light curves
Light curve detrending
(SysRem, TFA)
Phase folding
(Lomb-Scargle)
Friday, August 21, 15
Signature detection
Catalogs of targets to monitor
Evryscope Imaging
So far (2 months in): ~250,000 images
= 15TB of data
13.00
Mags
13.50
14.00
14.50
Preliminary reduction; will improve
15.00
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45
Time / days
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope Follow-up Network
Evryscope
Friday, August 21, 15
Evryscope Follow-up Network
Evryscope
0.5m PROMPT array
(+ 2nd site in Australia)
1.5m SMARTS / CHIRON
(Brad Barlow @ High Point)
4m SOAR
Friday, August 21, 15
10m SALT w. HRS
The Evryscope -- interested in collaborators!
http://evryscope.astro.unc.edu
Transiting exoplanets
The nearest & brightest stars
Habitable zone of M-dwarfs
Asteroids around white dwarfs
Confirmation of long-period TESS single-transit detections
Eclipse/transit timing & measurement
Exoplanet detection
Mass-radius relation measurement
Nearby microlensing events
2-minute cadence even before detection
Young & active stars
Comprehensive measurement of stellar activity
All stars g<16.5, every 2 minutes,100-degree declination range
Eclipsing binary discovery
Compact object accretion
White dwarf pulsations
Young Nearby Supernovae & distant GRBs
Monitor the objects before they go off
Shock breakout & pre-outbursts
Optical observations of GRBs & orphan safterglows before gamma-ray detection
Exotic transients
Visible-light counterparts to rapid transients, without needing pointing
Post-facto localization of gravitational wave counterparts,
Friday, August 21, 15