Download Spanish 2: Chapter 3B Direct Object Pronouns, Tú Commands, Present Progressives

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Spanish 2: Chapter 3B
Direct Object Pronouns, Tú Commands, Present Progressives
There are three grammar elements that we are observing this chapter: Direct Object Pronouns
(DOP), Affirmative Tú Commands, and Present Progressives.
* DOP’s: See page 166. We have already discussed these in great detail and you have received a
separate handout already. We will not discuss them in depth here, but you can check out the text
book or see me if you need help with these. Try these questions to measure your understanding of
their use:
1. Juan knows me.
Él _______ conoce.
2. You love me.
Tú _______ amas.
3. You help me?
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4. I don’t understand you. ___________________________
m
5. They see Maria. Ellos _______ ven.
6. I see you.
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* Tú commands – See page 168. Notice the difference between regular present tense and
commands in English.
You run every day.
You study a lot.
You drive 20 minutes.
You turn to the right.
or
or
or
or
Run every day.
Study a lot.
Drive 20 minutes.
Turn to the right.
See the difference? In English, we just remove the subject to make it a command. In Spanish, we
actually change the conjugation. Check it out:
Tú corres todos los días. o Corre todos los días.
Estudias mucho. o Estudia mucho.
Manejas por veinte minutos. o Maneja por veinte minutos.
Doblas a la derecha. o Dobla a la derecha.
Note: All the conjugations above are in the tú form. The commands simply look like the usted
present tense. THEY ARE NOT THE USTED FORM. It is the tú command form.
In this chapter, we are working with irregular affirmative tú commands of the verbs Poner,
Tener, Decir, Salir, and Venir. We also work with Hacer, Ser and Ir. Again, see page 168 and
then try changing the following to commands:
Fill in the blanks with the correct tú command. Note: Many are irregular commands!
1. Debes ser bueno. ____________ bueno.
2. Debes tener cuidado. ____________ cuidado.
3. Debes hacer la tarea. ____________ la tarea.
4. Debes comer bien. ____________ bien.
5. Debes cerrar la ventana. ____________ la ventana.
6. Debes ir a clase. ____________ a clase.
7. Debes poner la mesa. ____________ la mesa.
* Present Progressives – See page 171. The present progressive is, as it name indicates,
something that is in the present and is in the process of progressing. So if you were to say “Yo
hablo”, you’re basically saying “I speak”. However, if you say “Yo estoy hablando”, it is like
saying “I am speaking”. They are both in the present, but the second (which is the present
progressive) conveys a feeling of something that is not only happening in the present, but will be
continuing, or progressing, for at least a little longer. There are two parts to this verb form:
ESTAR + VERB In Present Participle Form
PRESENT PARTICIPLES
As you probably remember, present participles are formed by dropping the ar/er/ir endings and
adding -ando for -ar ending verbs and -iendo for -er and -ir ending verbs.
hablar > hablando
comer > comiendo
vivir > viviendo
Now all we have to do is throw the correct form of ESTAR in front of the participle.
Present Progressive:
Yo estoy limpiando mi cuarto.
I am cleaning my room. (not done yet!)
Él está tomando leche.
He is drinking milk. (in the middle of it)
1. I am talking.
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2. She is crossing the street.
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3. We are eating.
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4. You guys are telling the truth.
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5. They are reading the books.
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