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‫נבנה לולאת אמפר כמתואר באיור‪:‬‬
‫חוק אמפר‪-‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪in‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ B  dl  4 KI‬‬
‫‪ .‬הצלעות המאונכות לציר הסיבוב מאונכות גם לכיוון השדה ולכן לא‬
‫יתרמו לסירקולציה (לאינטגרל)‪ .‬הצלע הרחוקה לא תתרום גם היא (ניתן לקחת אותה לאינסוף‪ ,‬שם‬
‫השדה אפס)‪ .‬מכאן‪ ,‬שהתרומה היחידה לאינטגרל תהיה מהצלע הפנימית‪:‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪B‬‬
‫‪  dl  BL‬‬
‫הזרם שחותך את מישור הלולאה יהיה‪:‬‬
‫‪dq‬‬
‫‪d‬‬
‫‪ dq   RLd   RL‬‬
‫‪  RL‬‬
‫‪dt‬‬
‫‪dt‬‬
‫‪I in ‬‬
‫ואז לבסוף‪-‬‬
‫‪Bz L  4 K RL  Bz  4 K R‬‬
Magnetic Field
Submitted by: I.D. 036553790
The problem:
There is a infinite wire with a radius a carrying current I. At the distance d from the center of the
wire there is a cylinder cavity with a radius b. Find the magnetic field inside the cavity.
The solution:
First let’s define the constant in SI:
K = µ0 /4π
(1)
Now let’s find the current density:
I = J(πa2 − πb2 )
I
J~ =
ẑ
2
π(a − b2 )
(2)
(3)
Due to the symmetry the magnetic field is in the φ̂ direction.
We use super position with a full wire minus the cavity so inside a full wire the magnetic field is
(where r is the distance from the center of the cylinder)
I
Z
~
~
B1 · d` = 4πK J~ · d~s
(4)
B1 · 2πr = 4πKJπr2
(5)
B1 = 2πKJr
(6)
Therefore, in vector notations
~ 1 = 2πKJ~r × ẑ
B
(7)
The magnetic field inside the cavity is (where r0 is the distance from the center of the cavity):
I
Z
~
~
B2 · d` = 4πK J~ · d~s
(8)
B2 · 2πr0 = 4πKJπr02
B2 = 2πKJr
(9)
0
(10)
Since ~r0 = ~r − d~
~ × ẑ
~ 2 = −2πKJ(~r − d)
B
(11)
so the total magnetic field is:
~ × ẑ = 2πKJ d~ × ẑ
~ total = B
~1 + B
~ 2 = 2πKJ~r × ẑ − 2πKJ(~r − d)
B
(12)
Finally
~ total =
B
µ0
I
µ0
Id
d~ × ẑ =
φ̂
2 π(a2 − b2 )
2 π(a2 − b2 )
1
(13)