Download North and Central Asia Perspectives on Energy Security and the Sustainable

North and Central Asia
Perspectives on Energy
Security and the Sustainable
Use of Energy
Characteristics of NCA
MEMBER COUNTRIES
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
•Total area – 21 million square km
ECONOMIC
•2011 GDP in NCA is 2.2 trillion US dollars
•Average per capita – 9.8 thousand US dollars
•10 year average growth rate – 4.9 per cent
•Inflation rate in 2011 – 6.3 per cent
•Current account balance – 0.6 per cent of GDP
•Gross debt – 10 per cent of GDP
Characteristics of NCA
SOCIAL
•Population – 226 million people
•Population density – 11 people per square kilometer
•Population growth – 1.3 per cent
•Human development index (HDI) – 0.689 (medium)
•Social component of HDI is stronger than the
economic one
•
Energy security and sustainable
use of energy
ENERGY SITUATION
The NCA region
Is richly endowed with energy reserves:
•7 per cent of oil (Reserves / Production ratio = 26);
•35 per cent of gas (R/P ratio = 97);
•22 per cent of coal (R/P ratio = 424).
is 100 per cent self-sufficient (all energy imports in 2011 came from within
NCA)
NCA is a net-exporter of energy resources
possesses interconnected energy grid
Energy security and sustainable
use of energy
ENERGY CHALLENGES
Energy inefficiency accounts for 30 per cent of energy losses in NCA
Energy infrastructure (including interconnected electricity grid) is in obsolete
state being in some cases 40 years old and more
Power systems of Tajikistan is currently working in isolated regime while
Turkmenistan’s system is ringed with Iran’s electric grid
Energy trade is hampered due to lack of regional regulatory frameworks and
undeveloped power market
Necessity of developing interstate transit lines with the regions outside NCA
itself
Lack of common approach to
energy security concept (both national and regional)
Potential for regional cooperation
Existing Mechanisms (around 10 initiatives in NCA in energy area)
Including
•SCO
•ECO
•Eurasec
•CAREC programme (ADB financed)
•Inogate
•Energy Charter
Are directed at solving
Energy security, energy trade, efficiency, sustainable use of resources issues
Major areas that should be addressed through regional cooperation
Contingence of national approaches to the problem of regional energy security
Creating regional expert mechanism in exploring local opportunities for coordinated
international cooperation in energy sphere
Highlights of statements to be
reflected in the APEF outcome
documents
•
Improvement of energy security is the key element for promoting sustainable
development, sustaining economic growth and enhancing political stability
•
Intergovernmental cooperation plays the leading role in achieving energy
security
•
United Nations System organizations (UNECE, ESCAP, UNDP) play important
role in assisting North and Central Asia States in formulation and
implementation of energy policy
•
International financial institutions (World Bank, Asian Development Bank,
Eurasian Development Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction and
Development, Islamic Development Bank), international organizations and
donor countries play an important role in achieving progress towards energy
security and sustainable use of energy
Highlights of statements to be
reflected in the APEF outcome
documents
•
The optimal energy mix should rely on the particular circumstances of certain
countries
•
Providing reliable, transparent and comparative statistical data necessary to
formulate more accurate policies
•
Preparedness of member countries to provide assistance in case of disasters
•
Nurturing behavioral change towards more efficient energy consumption
•
Further development of national legislation and harmonization of legal and
regulatory frameworks in countries
•
Energy trade is one of the critical elements that can greatly contribute to enhancing
energy security
NCA countries expressed their
interest in reflecting the following
in the regional Action Plan
a. Development of legal and regulatory frameworks, as well as
technical regulations and standards
b. Development, application and attraction of relevant advanced
technologies
c.
Attraction of financial resources for implementation of joint largescale investment projects
d. Training of energy sector professionals
e. Creating an expert mechanism in exploring local opportunities for
regional energy cooperation
NCA’s vision of energy
cooperation with other Asia-Pacific
subregions
NCA could contribute to sustainable energy development in the APR
through implementing large scale coordinated energy projects not
only within itself but also together with energy-deficit subregions
Thank you!
Energy Situation (additional)
Subregion’s basic indicators
(additional)
Sources: Country sources, CIS
Statcommittee, IMF