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Regional Cooperation Agenda for Food Security Matthew Hammill Economic Affairs Officer South and South-West Asia Office South Asia focus (SA: 1/3 World’s Food insecure, ½ World’s underweight) Global Hunger Index, 2013 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 India Bangladesh Pakistan Nepal Sri Lanka I.R. Iran Turkey 2 South Asia Food Security challenges • Acute undernourishment, low rank in global hunger index, smallholder agriculture, weak institutions and policy challenges • High population density, rural concentration and agriculture dependence, • 20% of the world’s population, 4% world’s land • 80% of farmers are smallholders • 85% of farming systems are mixed systems (livestock/horticulture/agriculture) • Agriculture is 2/3 Employment 1/3 of GDP • Agriculture shares: 50% of land (40% world), 91% of water withdrawal, 36% of GHG emissions 3 Regional cooperation Agenda for Food Security 1. Climate Resilience, sustainable agriculture and agricultural intensification 2. Regional food management through food and seed banks, fodder banks, milk grids, information sharing on production and stocks of agricultural commodities 3. Liberalized regional trade for food security including on tariffs and NTBs through SAFTA 4. Joint R&D to focus on productivity, innovation in agriculture and technology transfer 5. Effective Regional Knowledge Networks for sharing best practices 4 Regional cooperation Agenda for Food Security 6. Cooperation in logistics to reduce waste and post-harvest losses 7. Increasing policy coordination – common positions international forums and multilateral negotiations (eg. WTO & IPR) 8. Alignment and coherence in regulations for food-safety and management of trans-boundary animal diseases 9. Natural resources management: integrated water management including non-agriculture sectors and the energy sector 10. Implementing Integrated Phase Classification (IPC) methodologies for food security 5 6 Prioritizing the Agenda • Low-hanging fruit? - Higher-level crosssectoral coordination in policy design, Mandate for Food Security mainstreaming, R&D, Extension and Education • Domestic policy complementarity/coordination - access to food and social protection/One-stop shops especially targeting empowerment of women, especially women in agriculture. Thank you. sswa.unescap.org South and South-West Asia Office Thank you. sswa.unescap.org South and South-West Asia Office Replicating South Asia good practices • Investment in technologies, R&D for climate adaptation, mechanization (BGD) • Food diversification programmes (BTN, NPL) • Promoting crop yield growth for specific land types and diversification (LKA) • Home garden improvement programmes (LKA) • Increasing Right to Food, scope for Cash transfer, food transfer (IND) • Community level actions and farm one-stop shop for services (IND. MSSRF). • Improving agricultural extension, farmer education and access to capital (PAK) • Soil conversvation programmes (LKA) 9