Download Acupuncture Therapy - Dallas Dooley Portfolio

ACUPUNCTURE THERAPY
Dallas Dooley
Susan Swords
WHAT IS ACUPUNCTURE?
 Traditional
Chinese Medicine
 Insertion
of needles into the skin at
numerous different sites of the body
 Established
 Used
over 5,000 years ago
to treat a number of different illness
including pain, nausea, stress, depression,
anxiety….
TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE
A form of medicine that originated several
thousands of years ago
 Focused around herbal treatments, acupuncture,
moxibustion, dietary therapy, and qi exercise
 Based on a concept of Qi

A force field of energy within the body
 The energy and center piece of all elements of the
universe


Qi is expressed through channels or gateways
throughout the body called meridians
TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE
 Concept





of Yin and Yang
The basis for all things in nature and the
universe
All living things are in search for the balance
of Yin/Yang
Yin means shady or cool
Yang means sunny or hot
The balance of Yin/Yang represents a healthy
state of physical health and mental health
TRADITION CHINESE MEDICINE
 Concept
of 5 Elements
Fire (Heart, Small Intestine)
 Earth (Stomach, Spleen)
 Metal (Lung)
 Water (Bladder, Kidneys)
 Wood (Liver)


The elements not only represent these organs
they also represent direction, seasons, emotions,
colors, taste and climatic sensations
CONCEPT OF 5 ELEMENTS
Each
of these element feeds off
of each other and contributes a
vital part to the TCM
It takes cohesion of all these
elements to have a healthy and
balanced body
FIVE ELEMENTS OF LIFE
CONCEPT BEHIND ACUPUNCTURE
Chinese healers thousands of years ago felt that
the human body contained gateways or channels
throughout the body called meridians.
 It was believed that the obstruction or injury of
these channels is what caused pain and illness.
 Chinese healers determined that inserting very
small and fine needles into different points on the
body would opens these channels up and release
the obstruction of qi or energy that was being
contained.

HOW ACUPUNCTURE WORKS
Insertion of needles into the skin at
predetermined areas of the body
 Depending on the illness that is being
treated, the needles may be placed
millimeters under the skin or several
centimeters under the skin
 There are 14 main channels or
meridians throughout the body with
over 365 acupuncture points feeding
those channels

ACUPUNCTURE POINTS
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
A total of six studies were reviewed
 Each study was unique to the study of
acupuncture
 Focused on use of acupuncture for chronic pain.
But also studied the effectiveness for pregnancy
induced pain
 Obtain information on the safety and
effectiveness of acupuncture
 Also studied if the needle insertion depth made a
difference to the effectiveness and safety of
acupuncture

TRIGGER POINTS AND ACUPUNCTURE POINTS FOR
PAIN: CORRELATION AND IMPLICATIONS
Identified trigger points as hyperirritable spots
in skeletal muscle that are associated with
palpable nodules in taut bands of muscle fibers
 AKA “knots in your muscle”
 Study set out to determine if trigger point pain
was located in the same regions of the body as
acupuncture points.
 75% of trigger point pain was also located in an
acupuncture needles site
 Therefore nearly 75% of trigger point pain
(muscles knots) could be relieved by acupuncture

ADVERSE EVENTS FOLLOWING ACUPUNCTURE:
PROSPECTIVE SURVEY OF 32000 CONSULTATIONS
WITH DOCTORS AND PHYSIOTHERAPISTS
Study set out to determine the safety of
acupuncture
 Authors recruited several acupuncture therapist
to collect data and report the number of adverse
effects that occurred with acupuncture therapy
 Study was conducted using 32,000 consultation
with several acupuncture therapist
 Study reveled that adverse effects occurred with
671 in 10,000 studies
 The most common adverse effects were bleeding
at the needles site or aggravation of associated
symptoms

A REVIEW OF THE EVIDENCE FOR THE
EFFECTIVENESS, SAFETY, AND COST OF
ACUPUNCTURE, MASSAGE THERAPY, AND SPINAL
MANIPULATION FOR BACK PAIN
This study set out to determine which form of
“alternative” medicine was the most effective
 The determined that massage therapy, spinal
manipulation and acupuncture were all
considered alternative forms of medicine
 Study reveled that massage therapy was more
effected in the treatment of chronic lower back
pain, and that of acupuncture.
 Although showed that acupuncture produced
quicker relief of symptoms than that of placebo
 Showed that besides massage therapy,
acupuncture was the safest practice.

INTRAMUSCULAR AND PERIOSTEAL
ACUPUNCTURE IN PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM
CHRONIC MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN





Study that focused on the effectiveness of treating
chronic musculoskeletal pain using intramuscular
(IMA) versus periosteal acupuncture (PA)
Authors hypothesized that PA would have better pain
relief than IMA
After 6 months of treatment, 46% of the IMA group
and 45% in the PA group obtained clinically relevant
pain relief & there was a significant decline in
analgesic use
Found no difference in pain relief between the IMA
and PA groups
Study showed that both forms of acupuncture
treatments had more of a significant pain relief 6
months after treatment than the control group
ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT OF PREGNANT
WOMEN WITH LOW BACK AND PELVIC PAIN-AN
INTERVENTION STUDY
Study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of
acupuncture in pregnant women versus the most
common treatment being the sacro-ileac belt
 Two groups were evaluated, one receiving
treatment at 20 weeks gestation and the other at
26 weeks gestation
 The 26 wk gestation group had greater pain relief
than the 20 wk gestation group



Both groups had significant pain relief throughout
their treatments
A weakness to this study was that there were
only 32 women who completed the study & no
control group
SAFE NEEDLING DEPTH OF ACUPUNCTURE
POINTS





The study focused on the proper
needling depths and consequences of
needling too deep
Most practitioners insert the needle 7580% of the needle length based on their
experience while textbooks suggest
needling at a few millimeters to several
centimeters
Needling depth also varied according to
the patient’s age, BMI, body weight &
length, and gender
Limitations to this study included that
most of the research was performed on
dissected cadavers
Researchers found there were no
universal guidelines exist in how deep
needles should be inserted

Consequences include: pneumothorax and
organ injury
ACUPUNCTURE AND ADVANCED PRACTICE
NURSES
Acupuncture can be used to treat a variety of
ailments
 APNs should give their patients options in their
treatment when patients have chronic pain or
chronic nausea and vomiting
 Covered by some insurances and less expensive
that modern medicine
 Acupuncture has been used for thousands of
years and has been successful
 Alternative to narcotic pain medications,
frequent radiological studies and surgeries

REVIEW OF LITERATURE REFERENCES






Cherkin, D.C., Sherman, K.J., Deyo, R.A., Shekelle, P.G. (2003). A review of the
evidence for the effectiveness, safety, and cost of acupuncture, massage therapy, and
spinal manipulation for back pain. American College of Physicians, 138(11), 898-907.
Chou, P.C., Chu, H.Y., & Lin, J.G. (2011). Safe needling depth of acupuncture points.
The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 17(3), 199-206.
Ekdahl, L., & Petersson, K. (2010). Acupuncture treatment of pregnant women with
low back and pelvic pain-an intervention study. Scandinavian Journal of Caring
Sciences, 24, 175-182.
Hansson, Y., Carlsson, C., & Olsson, E. (2008). Intramuscular and periosteal
acupuncture in patients suffering from chronic musculoskeletal pain. Acupuncture in
Medicine, 26(4), 214-223.
Melzack, R, Stillwell, D.M., & Fox, E.J. (1977). Trigger points and acupuncture
points for pain: correlation and implications. Pain, 2(23), 3-23.
White, A, Hayhoe, S, Hart, A, & Ernst, E. (2001). Adverse events following
acupuncture: prospective survey of 32,000 consultations with doctors and
physiotherapist. British Medical Journal, 323, 485-86