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Research on Construction of Modern Logistics System of Harbin-Daqing-Qiqihar Industrial Corridor LI Liping1, XUE Wei2 1. 2. College of Engineering and Technology, Northeast Forestry University 1. College of Economy and Management Daqing Petroleum Institute,P.R.China, 150040 [email protected] Abstract: With the further deepening of the economic integration of the Harbin-Daqing-Qiqihar Industrial Corridor, the communication and cooperation in talents, information and resources for the logistics industry of this region should be further enhanced. Beginning with the necessity for the construction of a regional modern logistics system in the Harbin-Daqing-Qiqihar Industrial Corridor, the paper goes deeply into the obstacles of fragmentation in the development of logistics industries of various cities in the region, the lack of coordination and planning in the construction of logistics parks and the lack of united logistics information platforms within the region, and brings out useful proposals mainly on the construction of a modern logistics system in the Harbin-Daqing-Qiqihar region. Keywords: Harbin-Daqing-Qiqihar Industrial Corridor; regional logistics; logistics system 1 Introduction As the integration of the world's economy has been quickened, regional economy has become a new trend around the world. With increasing practices in the development of regional economies, the mainstay theoretical researches on regional economies have also changed a lot, mainly being specifically reflected in more attention to the intra-regional and inter-regional economic correlation and interaction regularities. The construction and development of regional economies and regional logistics systems have become increasingly important in the revitalization of regional economies. With the accelerating adjustment of the industrial economy layout of the Harbin-Daqing-Qiqihar Industrial Corridor region, it is particularly imperative to formulate an integrated planning for the layout of the logistics industry. However, currently there are few researches on the logistics system of the Harbin-Daqing-Qiqihar Industrial Corridor, most of which are still staying at the primary level of static and microcosmic perspectives. Based on the latest theories of regional economy, the paper discards the static research method that is principally based on optimization of structure and space layout and adopts dynamic research method with the development process and internal mechanism as main contents for the research. After the research, it is believed that promotion of development of a regional modern logistics system in the Harbin-Daqing-Qiqihar region particularly requires for the overall and forward-looking views as well as integrated planning and rational layout. The new industrial layout must abandon the preference for the administrative intervention model and broaden the meanings of current regional planning according to the marketization level, implement the integration of development planning, control planning and economic adjustment policies to achieve the linkage between the upper reach and the lower reach and the organization of division and cooperation of the logistics industry within the region. In the rest of this paper, Harbin-Daqing-Qiqihar Industrial Corridor will be abbreviated as HDQ Industrial Corridor. 2 Necessities of constructing modern HDQ Industrial Corridor 2.1 Necessary for promoting regional economic development It is a major decision of the Heilongjiang Provincial Party Committee and the Government to develop and construct the HDQ Industrial Corridor, which is of significant and comprehensive strategic meanings for the construction of industry clusters and new platforms to attract foreign funds, upgrading 439 of the industry level during the new round of industry adjustment and transfer, cultivation of new growth engines, realization of leap-forward development as well as promotion of achievement of the task of building an overall well-off society. The construction of the regional logistics system in the Harbin-Daqing-Qiqihar Industrial Corridor will give full play to the position advantage and comprehensive transport conditions, adopt modern logistics technologies and management concepts, fully integrate the stock resources, reasonably allocate incremental resources, construct the logistics system of for major industries of the Industrial Corridor, which is based on the logistics industrial parks and supported by auxiliary logistics systems of various industrial parks, and develop logistics industry clusters. Meanwhile, the logistics system of the Industrial Corridor will serve the industries of agricultural product circulation, Sino-Russia trade, commerce and trade in the surrounding economic regions, promote the construction of a core logistics system that connects the whole province, the Northeast Economic Region and the whole country internally and radiates to the Northeast Asia, and promote the rapid development of the logistics industry of the province. 2.2 Necessary for strengthening logistics resources integration and promoting Sino-Russian economic and technological development Heilongjiang Province is not only an important industrial base in China but is also an important channel connecting Russia and the Eastern Europe, playing an important role in the economic and trade cooperation with Russia and Eastern European countries. The construction of the HDQ Industrial Corridor that radiates to the Northeast Asia plays an extraordinarily significant role in the economic, trade and technical cooperation between the province and the country with Russia. 2.3 Necessary for strengthening logistics resources and revitalizing Heilongjiang economy as an old industrial base With the implementation of the strategy to revitalize the Northeast old industrial base, Heilongjiang Province is facing rare opportunities of development. As the leading industry in the national economy, the logistics industry must provide cost-effective, efficient and convenient services; make efforts to reduce the circulation costs and create sound and healthy environment for the economic development. The construction of a united modern logistics system is of great significance for the marketization, professionalization and socialization level of the provincial economy, for reduction of costs and enhancement of enterprises' core competitiveness, restructuring and upgrading of the industries in the Northeast old industrial base as well as promotion of the development of global-market-oriented economy of Heilongjiang Province. 3 Obstacles in constructing modern logistics system in HDQ Industrial Corridor The HDQ logistics region covers the cities of Harbin, Daqing, Qiqihar, the Greater Xing'an Mountains, Suihua. With strong industrial basis, the industry clusters mainly of equipment, petrochemical, food and pharmaceutical industries have been formed in the region. The logistics in the region is highly interrelated. The commercial and trade circulation industry in the region is also highly developed. Meanwhile, the integration of various cities has been formed in respect of commercial and trade activities. The closely linked means of transport including railways, highways, air, water and pipelines are complete and the comprehensive transport network system is sound. Therefore, the region has the comprehensive advantages and conditions for the development of modern logistics. However, it would not be smooth in giving full play to these comprehensive advantages and building the modern logistics system in the HDQ region. There would be various kinds of obstacles ahead. 3.1 Separation of logistics management with circulation system, lack of coordination and planning in logistics park construction Currently, the logistics management of the HDQ Industrial Corridor has the problem of unclear responsibilities. Traditional management system of compartmentalized departments is stilled adopted, with separated duties and each department working in silos. Without united planning, it is difficult to 440 form a logistics network system with reasonable layout. Compartmentalization makes the logistics management authority which previously belongs to a single system resource be divided among several departments, such as railway, highway, air, and sea transport departments under the administration of the state, cities and foreign-funded enterprises. Consequently, if an enterprise wants to engage in railway, highway, air and sea transport in the country, it shall submit applications to several related approving authorities. Due to the compartmentalization, resources cannot be allocated scientifically and effectively in the planning and development of these basic transport means. At present, in the development and planning of logistics industry, different regions always work in silos and lack of cooperation. For example, when carrying out planning of logistics parks, various cities in the HDQ region pay more attention to full utilization of its own resources while take little consideration of the communication and coordination with surrounding cities. For example, Harbin built logistics parks in the south, east and west, etc, while Daqing and Qiqihar built their own logistics parks. During the planning process, these cities took no consideration of the integration and coordination of these parks with existing logistics resources in the HDQ region as well as the coverage diameter and regional effects of various parks and so on, causing redundant construction and waste of resources. 3.2 Relative shortage of logistics infrastructures and comprehensive logistics services The construction of traffic and transport facilities in the HDQ Industrial Corridor has undergone slow development, particularly for the container depots. The door-to-door multimodal transport has not been fully developed. Modern logistics facilities serving the region such as logistics bases, logistics centers and the like are relatively insufficient. Good correlation and cooperation relations have not been developed among multiple modes of transport. With unbalanced and inconsistent development, various means of transport are unable to exert their own advantages reasonably. Additionally, in developed countries, a character of the modern logistics in the design and exercise of functions as well as the logistics management and services required in supply chain management is to provide logistics management and services required by clients at the lowest price on the basis of information and professional logistics knowledge. However, at present, most logistics enterprises in Harbin, Daqing and Qiqihar are developed from material circulating enterprises under the traditional system. Their service contents still remain in warehousing, transportation and handling. Few enterprises can provide comprehensive logistics services and give full play to the functions of modern logistics services. 3.3 Deviation from actual local economy, blind planning and development of logistics parks Since the survival of logistics enterprises is based on clients' requirements, the logistics park should be a product when the third-party logistics market has developed to a certain stage. Logistics enterprises only cluster with the industrial clusters of their clients. Only when the enterprises in the parks form accrete relations of the industry chain and generate supporting cluster effects, can the expected goals for the development of logistics parks be realized. However, in practice, some local economies in the HDQ Industrial Corridor have not been so developed as to generate many industry clusters and objectively require logistics enterprises to match them in the form of clusters. Moreover, local governments in the region always pay more attention to the benefits of increase of taxes and reduction of unemployment in the planning of logistics parks. Therefore, there are unrealistic planning and development in some regions. The practices that disregard the development level of local economies and practical demands of enterprises have directly resulted in high vacancy rate of some logistics parks within the region. Meanwhile, enterprises in these parks are primarily non-logistics enterprise. These logistics parks have generated limited earnings, or even wastes. 3.4 Low-level logistics informatization, no united logistics network information platform Currently, relevant policies, laws and regulations, standards are not sound enough in Heilongjiang Province, with the problems of superiority of hardware over software, construction over maintenance, system over information. The work of informatization is disaggregated and it is difficult to share information resources with delayed updates. Meanwhile, the technical personnel and funds for informatization are insufficient. A truly useful logistics network information platform has not been built. 441 According to the survey of the China Logistics Information Center, currently in China, those industrial and commercial enterprises using computer systems account for less than half of the total businesses. The ratio is even lower in the service industry and transport industry, at 24.3% and 18.3% respectively. Except for POS and barcode technology, the application of other information technologies is generally unpopular. The standards of logistics technologies and services are mostly not uniform. In China, the container freight transport represents only 20% of the total transport volume, much lower than the world's average level of 65%. According to the Report on Demands of Transnational Companies in China for Logistics Services, among around one hundred of enterprises investigated, 80% rated the quality of current logistics services as "Average". Among all the aspects needed to be improved, the information transfer efficiency ranked the first. 4 Ideas for planning and constructing HDQ regional modern logistics system 4.1 Establish a unified and coordination mechanism to promote construction of HDQ regional modern logistics system The modern logistics is a comprehensive industrial system that covers multiple industries, service fields and vast regional span. Overall and forward-looking views as well as unified planning and reasonable layout are particularly needed in promoting the development of the HDQ regional modern logistics system. Therefore, it is necessary to build a unified coordination mechanism to promote the construction of the HDQ regional modern logistics system. Under the framework agreement of the HDQ Industrial Corridor, a coordination team for the promotion of modern logistics within the region should be set up as soon as possible and the coordination meeting system should be established. In specific practices, the development and reform commissions at various governmental levels should take the lead and should join with relevant departments such as the Ministry of Commerce, traffic, railway, civil aviation, post, custom, quality inspection, information, finance, tax, and national resources departments as well as relevant associations to develop the coordination system among logistics development departments within the region, study major issues in the development of logistics within the region, formulate corresponding policies and measures to speed up the development of regional logistics and construct the regional modern logistics system. 4.2 Integrate logistics resources to improve logistics enterprises' operational modes Establish regional logistics corporations. The modern logistics industry is featured with social, systemic and network characteristics. The major issue for the development of the modern logistics industry is the integration of various logistics functions and elements. Therefore, Harbin Daqing and Qiqihar should integrate the resources of current logistics enterprises and promote the development into an intensive and coordinative industry through reorganization, acquisitions and cooperation. 4.2.1 Accelerate the reorganization of logistics enterprises Reorganized logistics enterprises will give full play to the advantages of internet, timely and accurately acquire dynamic logistics information, coordinate logistics networks to construct a global logistics network for their companies, save time and costs to the largest extent and gain competitive edges. 4.2.2 Establish strategic alliance Integrate the resources of logistics enterprises in the HDQ Industrial Corridor to realize complements and sharing of resources and promote the formation of scale operation of advantageous enterprises to reduce the operating costs. 4.2.3 Integrate the industry chain Integrate the whole interrelated and collaborative industry chain to form a socialized logistics system with supply chain management as the core, separate the logistics activities from the production, trading and consumption process and develop into a new type of economic activities conducted by independent economic entities. 4.2.4 Focus on development of leading logistics enterprises Establish regional logistics corporations. Nurture a number of leading logistics enterprises and 442 comprehensively promote the rapid, stable and sound development of modern logistics industry within the region with the driving force of leading logistics enterprises. 4.3 Construct three major logistics hubs to form characteristic logistics industry clusters Main standards to divide the logistics hubs are: featured with industrial consistence or correlation; conducive to determine major development points of various cities to promote the formation of industry clusters within the city and mutual development of various industries and form distinct logistics industry clusters; conducive to effectively evade the barrier of administrative divisions; realize the integration of regional economies through logistics integration and promote the harmonious social and economic development of logistics areas. Establish three major logistics hubs by taking comprehensive consideration of the traffic and transport conditions and economic development situations of three cities, in combination with the already formed characteristics of traffic and economic areas and industry layout of three cities as well as the relations with surrounding countries and provinces (regions). 4.3.1 Harbin regional logistics hub As an important city for international economy and trade in the Northeast Asia, Harbin plays a critical role in politics, economy, culture, commerce and trade, and traffics layout. The role of Harbin as a logistics hub must be strengthened in developing the modern logistics industry in Heilongjiang Province. As a central logistics hub in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin will promote the integration of the logistics industry of the whole province with China's Northeast logistics system and the Northeast Asian logistics system. In consideration of the status and characteristics of industrial development of Harbin, Harbin, as the central logistics hub in Heilongjiang Province, should focus on the development of comprehensive logistics, logistics for equipment manufacturing industry, agricultural industry, pharmaceutical industry, food industry and exhibition industry, and so on. 4.3.2 Qiqihar regional logistics hub As the central city in the western region of Heilongjiang Province, Qiqihar is featured with sound industrial basis and has established a complete industrial system primarily composed of heavy machinery and metallurgical industry. Meanwhile, Qiqihar is also a agricultural production base in Heilongjiang Province, particularly for green food. As the major traffic and communications hinge across Heilongjiang, Jilin and Inner Mongolia, Qiqihar has established sound and comprehensive transport system extending to the Baicheng City of Jilin Province, Hulun Buir City, Xing'an league of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region that are important portal cities and junctions for Heilongjiang Province to connect the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The development of Qiqihar regional logistics hub should be focused on the development of comprehensive logistics, logistics for equipment manufacturing and agriculture industries, etc. 4.3.3 Daqing regional logistics hub As the most important base of China's petroleum industry, Daqing City is a regional city featured with comprehensive development and focus on petroleum, petrochemical and hi-tech industries. Located in the center of the "Broad HDQ" region, Daqing has convenient traffic links. The road traffic system extends to all directions; in respect of air transport, the Harbin Taiping International Airport and Qiqihaer Airport can be used; in respect of water transport, Qiqihar, Harbin, Jiamusi, Tongjiang, Fuyuan are reachable through the Zhaoyuan Port. It also connects Songyuan City of Jilin Province in the south, forming an important southing channel in the western region of Heilongjiang Province. The development of the logistics industry is oriented at petrochemical logistics and logistics for supplies of oil fields. 4.4 Accelerate logistics informatization process and establish a unified logistics information platform 4.4.1 Speed up the construction of basic communication networks The government should formulate corresponding measures to encourage these telecommunication operators to build basic communication networks; support and nurture a group of internet logistics information service providers; lower prices for enterprises and users to connect with internet, build websites and develop E-commerce, reduce enterprises' informatization costs. 443 4.4.2 Encourage enterprises to establish logistic information system and adopt advanced information technologies The government can, through equity participation and discount interest loans, encourage enterprises to build logistics information system, employ and popularize the Electronic Data Interchange EDI , Management Information System (MIS), Radio Frequency RF), Geographic Information System (GIS), Global Positioning System (GPS), Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS), Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems (CIMS), Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), supply chain management and other logistics theories and technologies in the internal logistics management of logistics enterprises and various industrial and commercial enterprises to fully improve enterprises' information management. 4.4.3 Build a unified logistics information platform Through collection of public data, a unified logistics information platform can provide basic and supporting information to enterprise information systems; meet the requirements of enterprise information systems for public information; help realize various functions of enterprise information systems. Through sharing of information, the platform can support the establishment of the collaborative work mechanism for industrial management and standardized management of the market among various governmental departments. ( ) ( 5 Technical procedures for planning of HDQ regional modern logistics system According to the problems in the construction of HDQ regional logistics system and the actual situations in the development of regional economies, the technical flow for planning and development of HDQ regional logistics system is showed in Figure 1 below: In order to effectively evade the problems in the development of the logistics industry in the region, the following aspects should be emphasized during the planning of HDQ regional logistics system: To introduce advanced concepts in formulating the planning for the development of the logistics industry in the HDQ region. The modern regional logistics is a kind of reorganization that realizes the optimized allocation of logistics resources and strategic functions of the logistics system based on the overall logistics industry and through overall coordination, reasonable planning, improvement of technical standards and operating rules as well as the systematic integration of existing conditions and resources, breaking of the limits of regions, departments and industries and overall logistics planning according to the concept of the "general logistics". 444 Figure 1 Technique flow chart for HDQ regional logistics Carry out overall planning according to the features of the economy and location of the HDQ region. Based on the principles of regional economics, various major cities in the HDQ region are positioned as central cities of regional logistics and overall planning should be carried out according to the positioning. Highlight the macro-regulation function of the government. The industrial policies, laws and regulations for market administration and collaborative work mechanism between various departments established by the government play an important role in the development of the logistics industry. The construction of the HDQ regional modern logistics system cannot be completed without the efforts and coordination of the government. 6 Conclusion With the development of the logistics economy and logistics technologies, the regional and collaborative trend in the development of modern logistics has attracted more attention. The logistics rationalization has developed from the rationalization of enterprises' internal logistics into the rationalization of the whole supply chain and even the whole region. In this paper, we go deeply into the 445 obstacles of fragmentation in the development of logistics industries of various cities in this region. We developed that the establishment of HDQ regional modern logistics system, effective, smooth and networking regional logistics system should be formed by collaboration of various parties to provide modern logistics services to support mutual development of regional economies. It is of great theoretical and practical significance in promoting the mutual development of modern logistics industry, providing socialized logistics services, promoting reasonable layout of the logistics industry, constructing the industry belt in the HDQ region and promoting the mutual development of Northeast Asian logistics circle. References [1]Wang Yanqing, Zhao Hongbo. Studies on Modern Logistics System in Heilongjiang Province. Logistics Scitechnol, 2008(3):16-18. [2]Zhao Yingxin. Construction of Efficient and Convenient Regional modern logistics system. Special Zone Economy, 2006(1):284-285. [3]Qian Dongren, Zhu Haibo. New Modern Logistics. Beijing: China Logistics Publishing House, 2006.56-58. [4]Liu Binglian, Su Xiongyi. Research on Development of Modern Logistics in the Mainland, Taiwan and Hong Kong in the 21st Century. Beijing: China Machine Press, 2003.36-38. The introduction of the author Li Liping: PHD student of Northeast Forestry University, Associate Professor in the Economy and Management School of Daqing Petroleum Institute, focusing on the study of regional economy. Xue wei: Doctoral Supervisor of Northeast Forestry University, focusing on the study of regional economy. 446