Download Strategic Study of Promoting Urban Competence of Jinan Based

Strategic Study of Promoting Urban Competence of Jinan Based
on Cultural Creative Industry
ZHANG Shoufeng , CHEN Honghui
School of Management, University of Jinan, Jinan, China, 250022
[email protected]
Abstract: The development of cultural creative industry is the inevitable result that social demand
develops at a certain stage in the process of urbanized advancement. The cultural creative industry's
development affects the urban competition pattern, the influence of traditional industry on the urban
competitive power is being gradually substituted by the mainstream emerging industry which catering to
the huge social demand. The competition of cultural creative industry is becoming one of the most
important propelling forces of urban competition. Based on general analysis on the development of
world culture creative industrial, the article systemically studies the realistic feasibility and pressing of
development creative industry in Jinan, and then proposed the strategy to promote competitive power by
development the urban cultural creative industry.
Key words: Jinan; Cultural creative industry; Creative economy; Urban competitive power
1 Introduction
Through the general trend of world economic development, we can see that cultural creative
industry has become “the third world revolution” in economic growth. The whole world creative
economy creates 22,000,000,000 dollars every day, and could increase by 5%; the speed move even
quicker in some developed countries, the US reaches 14%, Britain is 12%. Regarding the definition of
cultural creative industry, various countries are different, some countries like Britain, New Zealand,
Singapore, called it “Creative Industries”, in Korea, it calls “Culture Content Industry”; At present,
cultural creative industry is mainly refers to Cultural Industries in our country; it is an emergent industry
which progresses unceasingly along with the development of modern production method and the
gradual consummation of socialist market economy.
In March 2004, the State Statistical Bureau defined “the culture and the related industry” as:
“provides cultural, the entertainment product and the service activity for the social public, as well as the
connection activity related with these activities”, the performance industry, the film and television
industry, the audio and video industry, the cultural entertainment industry, the cultural tourism, the
network culture industry, the books publication industry, the cultural relic and the art ware industry as
well as artistic training industry and so on, nine big profession classes will integrate into the cultural
industry’s control limit.
Britain is the first country who explicitly proposed and put the development the creative industry as
an item of national policy. In May 1997, in order to promote the British economy, British Prime Minister
Blair proposed and impelled to form the Creative Industry Special Work team. In 1998, the British
Creative Industry Special Work team defined the creative industry for the first time: “comes from
individual creative, the skill and the talent, through the development and the utilization of intellectual
property rights, it can create wealth and develop employment potential”. In June 2005, the British
government proposed that construct Britain “the creative center” of the world; The cultural creative
industry has become a effective development strategy to promote the economic growth and lower the
unemployment rate by British government. From the economical angle, the creative industry has
become London's second big Industrial Department, the annual production surpasses 21,000,000,000
pounds, it solved more than 500 thousand London natives’ employment problems, the cultural creative
industry has become one of London’s most important promotion economic growth industrial, it has
made the important contribution for London in the global urban competition.
The American creative industry reaches as high as 12% in the GDP proportion, its only inferior to
the war industry in its domestic industry structure, is situated second. Its culture products export has
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surpassed the aerospace industry since 1996, and it becomes the first export-oriented industry in
American. According to American creative industry report which announced in 2005, the entire US's
creative industry enterprise rose 578, 000, accounted for the total 4.4%; the population in creative
industry is 2,900,000, accounts for the total 2.2%. During 2004-2005 years, the rate of increment in the
artistic company is 5.5%, it surpassed the US all Commercial company rising rates 3.8%.
In 2004, the Chinese Pacific Ocean led by Mr. Yu Guangyuan firstly proposed “the creative
economy” in China, meanwhile proposed “from Made-in-China to Created-in-China”; the change from
Made-in-China to Created-in-China is the development strategy for China's economic future. In July
2005, “International Forum on urban creative industry” convened in Beijing, government officials who
are in charge of the creative culture, senior research figure creative industrial field, the creative
enterprise's management and so on deliberated in Beijing, surged “creative industry and creative China”
brains storm.
Shanghai taking the lead and develops very rapidly in the culture creative industrial in our country.
In April 2005, Shanghai first batch 18 “creative industry cluster campus” were given the sign officially
by the city economic committee, more than 400 creative design enterprises from nearly 30 nation and
regions in the world move into these campuses, there gathered more than 10,000 creative talented
people, these make a new industry full of the infinite potential, the cultural creative industry output
value already occupied 7.5% Shanghai's GDP. In addition, Nanjing, Qingdao, Dalian, Chengdu,
Hangzhou and other cities, also depends on the advantage of respective talented person, the position and
the resources superiority in abundance, constructs the unique cultural creative industrial base or the
cultural creative industry demonstration campus, impels the development of the cultural creative
industry positively.
Jinan is the province capital of Shandong Province which is the big coastal economy province of
east china. It is the center of the province’s politics; it has been publicized by the State Council as a
famous historical and cultural city. It is among the first batch tourist cities in China. In addition, Jinan
has been approved by the state as a sub provincial city and open coastal city. Jinan is a traditional city
featuring modernization. She has a rich cultural tradition as well as vitality featuring modern tints.
But, the speed of Jinan's urban synthesis competitive power is not so fast, Jinan's cultural creative
industry as well as other industries based on the cultural is not extremely symmetric with its own status,
the function and the influence, particularly compares with some developed cities like Beijing, Shanghai,
Qingdao, Shenzhen and so on, obvious disparities. Presently, culture creative industry in our country
was rising rapidly with unprecedented speed, Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen impelled the development of
creative industry positively, they are constructing one batch significant creative bases, under this kind of
good macroscopic background, only if Jinan respond positively, holding this rarely historic opportunity,
fully display the comparison superiority, conform creative resources, can Jinan establish its own status
in internationalized urban competition in the future.
2 Cultural creative industry ------ motive force of Jinan's competitive power
At present, urban competition includes person's intelligence and the competition of soft creative
strength, cultural creative industry is the inevitable result when the country and the urban competition
develop to the certain extent. Society’s huge demand for cultural creative industries provided the turning
point for film and television, game, design, music, movie and so on; the development of cultural creative
industry is becoming the essence to strengthen the urban competitive power.
2.1 The development of the cultural creative industry would benefit in promoting urban image
and its competitive power
Jinan is one of the best-developed regions in Shandong in terms of overall economic strength. It is
an industrial city of national importance. In 2005, Jinan’s synthesis competitive power occupies 18th in
China, in 2006, the total output value of Jinan city reaches RMB 218,510,000,000 Yuan, occupies 11th.
Guangzhou, Shenzhen occupy first, second, Qingdao occupies fourth, Nanjing occupy sixth. The
development of the cultural creative industry has been prevailing for many years in other cities, it would
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benefit in promoting urban image and its competitive power, Jinan is integrating in the global
competition rapidly, through develop the cultural creative industry vigorously, it will become objective
request of Jinan's development.
2.2 The development of the cultural creative industry would benefit in upgrading industrial
structure
In 2006, the average income per person of Jinan was RMB 4565 Yuan, the proportion of three
industries is: 6.6:45.9:47.5. In the tertiary of the third industry, some traditional industries like
transportation shipping industry, trade, food and beverage industry and so on occupy great proportion,
financial service industry, the cultural creative industry and other high added value industry also quite
low in the tertiary industry proportion. The data from <Report on the Investigation and Study of Chinese
Creative Industry Network and Media Consumer Behavior in 2005 > demonstrated that the creative
crowd mainly concentrates in the computer/Internet profession, the education profession, the
advertisement profession, the specialized design industry, because the creative industry has much
industrial characteristics such as knowledge intensity, high added value, high conformability and so on,
therefore the creative personnel concentrate in these high tech profession. The development of cultural
creative industry is not only to be able to enhance the third industry proportion vigorously, but also can
promote the Jinan industrial development level, moreover may optimize the third industry internal
structure.
2.3 The development of the cultural creative industry would benefit in giving continuous motive
force to the sustainable development of Jinan's economy.
With the abundance of substance production, people’s request of idea value getting higher and
higher, not only to the basic necessities of life, the living conditions, but also set a higher request to the
cultural entertainment, the broadcast television, the books publication, the sports health, the cultural
traveling and so on, society's demand has provided the giant market space for the cultural creative
industry's development.
2.4 The development of the cultural creative industry would benefit in promoting the technical
competitive power of traditional industry.
Enterprises’ development depend on innovation, innovation depend on the science and technology.
But the science and technology is insufficient, because many product's creativities do not usually comes
from the science and technology, they are cultural and the technical union. That is, in the high added
value product namely contain use value based on the science and technology; they also contain idea
value that takes the culture as the foundation. Along with the development of economics, the
enhancement of people's living level, the proportion which the idea value occupies is getting bigger and
bigger. But the cultural creative industry, take the innovation as a core, pay more attention on person's
idea and the energetic value, combining the culture and the product, and pouring new cultural capital
into traditional enterprise's development. Jinan has developed traditional profession, the manufacturing
industry holds an important status to the national economy, the development of culture creative industry
can provides the intellectual support and the periphery soft cultural support for the manufacturing
industry, and it will benefit the traditional profession reform and the promotion of the competitive
power.
2.5 The development of the cultural creative industry would benefit in promoting Jinan's
comprehensive urban competitive power.
Consider cultural creative industry as a new point of economic growth and attach great attention
thereto, we can stimulate the populace to participate in the innovation effectively, its better for the
people drive populace's ponder and the innovation from material and the spiritual aspects, then invest
more time into knowledge and social sciences, give up some bad social habit. So, the development of
cultural creative industry is benefit to promoting Jinan's comprehensive urban competitive power from
the two aspects: upgrade the total output level and reconstruction of the soft cultural.
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3 Strategy Option of promoting Jinan's competitive power by the development of
cultural creative industry
Cultural creativity industry is the new industrial mode in our country, but it is of great
development potential. Oriented by consumers' demand, cultural creative industry stresses original ideas
and has strong permeation and confluence ability. Jinan, an important aspect of creative city
development, cultural creative culture needs to realize industrialization, and construct a
creation-centered value system that incorporates culture, technology, product, and market. Jinan should
take part in this industry because it’s full of infinite business opportunity, then make it more glorious as
“creativity center” in the Circum-Bohai Economic Ring even the nationwide scale.
3.1 To integrate the cultural creative industry into national economy statistics system as soon as
possible
The core of cultural creativity industry is innovation and it is the combination of cultural resources
and other factors of production. it involve many parts among many domain, in order to use limited
resources effectively, the government must establish an overall the development project, and to
determine cultural creative industry's policy guidance in the next few years, optimize creative industry's
interior and the external environment, discuss how to develop cultural creative industry by use of high
technology. All in all, the government should construct a platform to encourage the folk wisdom
innovation, develop populace's creative wisdom, to accomplish the combination of the government and
the folk intelligence capital. About attracting the exterior investment, the government should give policy,
tax affairs, finance supports, for creative a good investment environment for cultural creative industry.
3.2 Depend on Jinan's comparative advantages, implement of brand drive strategy
Creative industry involves many professions and the department, but the development level of each
profession is not balanced in Jinan. Jinan must strengthen the strategies that stress brand drive. She
should offer to take over industry transfer from advanced areas both domestic and abroad. Her industry
structure should be made up of the following components in order to strengthen her comprehensive
capacity, culture creative industry as her guidance, advanced industry and traditionally predominant
industry as her support, and take the design industry, the software industry, the cultural tourism, the
convention and exhibition industry, the digital animation industry as the key breach.
3.2.1 Design Industry
Design Industry includes architectural design, industrial design, fashion design, advertisement
design, enterprise image design, and marketing plan and so on. The design is the important element in
cultural creative industry, it covering art, science and technology, the cultural economy, the market, and
the life and so on, the creative industry is surmounts multi-disciplinary and multi-professions. It belongs
to the technology-intensive product - service Industry. In recent years, profit of enterprises is shifted to
the product research and design. Jinan should better social services; through enhance the creative design
to enhance the product added value and the competitive power. Jinan Design Industry will play the
influential role in the Jinan culture creativity industry.
3.2.2 Animation Industry
Recently, Shandong Province just publicized<Advices to Impel Development of Animation
Industrial in Shandong Province>,As one of the most potential industries in the 21st century, animation
industry has become a supporting industry in many countries, and is being paid increasing attention. The
animation industry in Shandong province as just started, so it is of vital importance to promote this
industry, which will help improve the developing level and optimize industrial organization. Shandong
province has its advantages in developing animation industry despite of various restricting factors, thus
more efforts should be made to promote animation industry by analyzing the actual situation and
adopting suitable development strategies.
3.3 Establishing a reasonable mechanism of the creative personnel cultivation and introduction
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Cultural creative industry, that is, the existence, conformity and innovation of human intentional
form in inspirit wisdom, thinking, knowledge, etc. In the age of creative economy, competing force
focused on creative class becoming main impetus of economic development. The special creativity is
the core in human capital of creative class. Cultural creative industry not only need the designer, the
craft artist, the creative moving spirit, but also need marketing talented and operation talented person
who can make its creative work “industrialization and marketability”, for instance the media
intermediary, the producer, culture company executive and so on, they are familiar with art, also has the
very strong commercial operation ability, they can push the art ware to the market directly, moreover
they can also urge the creative to the traditional industry, furthermore transform creative achievement
into entrepreneur's management resources, then promote industry added value and the competitive
power. Such as the famous brand Mickey Mouse, it produces the daily necessities, the clothing, the toy,
the stationery, and so on. The development of culture creative industry, need to establish reasonable
creative personnel cultivation mechanism and introduction mechanism. Jinan includes 20 institutes of
higher learning and 26 polytechnic schools, based on these, to speed up of cultivating usable talented
person. But introduction of creative talented person, need some safeguard like the salary, the housing
and so on. The creative achievement could turn into the realistic economic benefits, not only when they
are turned into the technological carrier, and are shown as the improvement of the technological content
of the products, batch and quality finally; we should not neglect the function of the culture broker and
culture management talents.
3.4 Integrating cultural creative industry group, developing cultural creative industry clusters
To develop cultural creative industry in Jinan, we should vigorously develop large-scale cultural
group which has formidable strength, broad coverage, strong competitive power, the prospect favors.
Integrating all the existing cultural creative enterprises, modern enterprises are no longer operated under
a unitary economic structure, instead, are moving towards the integrated complex with multiple
economic units. practices the science rigorous enterprise system, breaks the boundary of the area, the
department, the profession, the ownership, speeds up adjust the culture industrial structure, causes With
the joint effort of Jinan's cultural creative industry, developing cultural creative industry clusters in the
entire province.
3.5 Cooperate with the periphery cities, so as to realize a complementation of advantages, enhance
sustainable development of cultural creative industry
Shandong is one of the richer provinces of China; she is rich in cultural relics, historical sites and
famous scenic spots. "one mountain, one river and the Sage”, she has 17 cities. Various cities are all rich
in cultural resources and their abundant cultural characteristics. Jinan is a traditional city featuring
modernization. She has a rich cultural tradition as well as vitality featuring modern tints. Cooperate with
the periphery cities, build an effective information system, combine the core resources of the 17 cities
optimally, we can achieve the complement of advantages; share the resources with the other cities. Jinan
is known for its beautiful natural sites, and is one of the greatest tourist destinations in Shandong. Jinan
is also known for its natural springs, there are more than a few natural scenery sites in Jinan. Just over
an hour to the south, is the famous Tai Shan, one of the five "great Chinese mountains". To the north are
scenic blue-colored mountains, beside the Yellow River. To develop cultural tourism industry, Jinan
cannot rigidly adhere to the scope of Jinan city, she should fully use her own superiority service, thus
draws the development of related industrial.
3.6 To accomplish the soar away success of the creative industry by new high-tech
To accomplish the soar away success of the creative industry in Jinan, we must pay great attention to
the function of new high-tech in the creative industry. Currently, cultural creative industry's creation,
production, dissemination is inseparable from digit, network and other modern information technology.
Although Jinan’s cultural creative industry starts late, but the cultural resources are rich, if we want to
promote this industry competitive power as soon as possible, we must achieve high beginning, high
technique content, core competitive that not easy to imitate. At the same time, digital television, creative
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design, animation industry, network game and so on, .as carrier of culture, they have their typical
modality, such as mass culture, youth fashion culture. They also have multi-cultural functions. Although
there are existing obstacles with the development of creative industry in Jinan, we should deal with
some countermeasures for the purpose of better and faster development in cultural creative industry such
as actively prompt the informationization, the digitization, the network construction and so on.
5 Conclusions
The development of culture creative industry has great importance to thoroughly apply the
scientific outlook on development, promote circulating economy, implement sustainable development
strategy and build a harmonic society. Some experience from domestic and abroad which are of great
reference to Jinan's creative industrial. Oriented by the social request, combined the government
guidance and the folk wisdom, base on the Jinan glorious culture history, to perform some and not the
others, emphases some core industry. Build strong enterprises in Jinan, excavate deep creative source,
and optimize the industrial internal and external structure, create a favorable external environment,
attract high-quality creative talent and foreign investment, through fully use the advantages of Jinan,
thereby further enhancing the competitiveness of Jinan.
References
[1] Li Wuwei,Yu Xuemei. Consider on Development of Base of Creative Cultural Industry in Shanghai.
Shanghai Economy,2005,(8) 48 53 In Chinese
[2] Landry, The Creative City: A Toolkit for Urban Innovators, London: Earth scan,2000: 87 89
[3] Florida, The Rise of the Creative Class, New York: Basic Books, 2002: 57 67
[4] Ken Livingstone, The Mayor's Culture Strategy-London: Cultural Capital, London: Greater London
Authority, 2003: 52 54
[5] Charles, Tessa Jowell, Speech by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media & Sport, to the Oxford
Media Convention,2006: 21 23
[6] Richard, Budget. A strong and strengthening Creative Economy: Investing in Britain’s future,
Economic and Fiscal Strategy Report and Financial Statement and Budget Report, 2006: 65 69
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Author in brief: Dr.Zhang Shoufeng, Associate professor of Jinan University, majoring in strategic
management and business administration; Post-doctor of School of Management at Tianjin University;
Visiting Professor of University of Baltimore, USA.
Contact information:
Tel: 13969119850
Emai: [email protected]
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