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AEROSPACE ENGINEERING – Microgravity Effects on Bacterial Cultures Observations of bacteria cultured in vitro inside an orbiting spacecraft suggest that the organisms tend to become more virulent and less susceptible to antibiotics. The underlying mechanisms giving rise to these empirical outcomes, however, are not fully understood. Our research is aimed at characterizing the changes associated with exposure to microgravity on extracellular mass transport and establishing cause-and-effect pathways linking the altered physical parameters with the measured biological response. Experiments are conducted using ground-based simulation techniques and onboard the International Space Station. Applications of this work entail ensuring astronaut health and seeking insight into preventing the spread of multi-drug resistant pathogens on Earth. The astronaut below is activating a bacterial experiment developed by the BioServe Space Technologies Center at the University of Colorado.