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THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW ENGLAND ANIMAL ETHICS COMMITTEE (AEC) STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FORM (For Domestic Fowl, Native Fauna/Wildlife, Domestic Livestock & Laboratory Animals) Title of Procedure: Realtime Ultrasound Scanning (L13) Objective: To facilitate the diagnosis of pregnancy and multiple pregnancies. To measure the depth of soft tissues. Details of Procedures: a) Pregnancy Diagnosis i. The ewe or doe is restrained in a sitting position, parallel to the operator. ii. A small amount of scanning gel is placed on the bare areas of skin above each side of the udder (wool or hair of some animals may need to be clipped first). iii. The scanner head is then firmly pressed on to the skin and moved across each side until a diagnosis is made. iv. Normal duration is 1-2 minutes. For cattle, a rectal probe is usually used. The animal is restrained in a standing position and a hand-held probe positions in the rectum. b) Measurement of fat depth or muscle area i. The animal is restrained in a standing position. ii. An area on the back is clipped free of wool/hair and coated with oil (vegetable based). iii. The scanner head is held firmly on the back and moved slowly across the area until the anatomical features are identified. iv. Normal duration of scanning is 1-2 minutes. Drug, Chemicals or Biological Agents: Nil, unless animals require sedation. Care of Animals after the Procedure: Returned to accommodation and cared for as normal. Qualifications, Experience, Skills or Training Necessary to Perform this Procedure: All operators should be familiar with the behaviour and handling methods of the animal species they are using. In addition, operators should be familiar with the techniques involved with scanning. Effects of Procedure on Wellbeing of Animals: Should be Nil. Pain Relief Measures: Not applicable. References: Pierson, P.A. et al. (1988) Theriogenology, 29:3. Wright, I.A. (1988) The Veterinary Record, 123:228 Prepared by: Ruth Tremont (UNE Director of Animal Welfare) and Dr G Hinch (Department of Animal Science, UNE), 1993 Reviewed by: Prof John Thompson (Environmental and Rural Science, UNE), 2006