Download DESERTIFICATION?

SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
LANDING CLIMATE CHANGE
International Meeting "Integrate Development and
Environment: Towards a New Model of Territorial
Governance“
ENEA Casaccia Research Headquarters
Grégoire de Kalbermatten
DES UNCCD
Casaccia, 04 December 2008
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
The human surge
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
Food demand
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
Key constraints
•Declining fresh water supplies
•Shrinking land area/soil loss
•Nutrient losses and rising costs
•Growth in biofuels
•Declining agricultural R & D
•Biofuels impact
•Climate change impacts
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
Water scarcity today
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
Groundwater worries
•China – water tables falling by >3 metres /yr
•India – 26 million wells = 200 cu kms/year,
levels falling by 2-3 metres/year
•USA – 70 cu kms/year – levels fallen by 100200 m in Arizona
•Libya – ‘Great Man-Made River’ already
falling
•Australia – groundwater levels falling / water
is ‘double allocated’
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
SECURING THE CONTINUUM
CLIMATE/SOIL/LAND/FOOD SECURITY
NOW
- Food riots in 37 countries, in some of which
there is a growing risk of government failure
- 60% of all conflicts in the past 18 years
have been driven, at their core, by disputes
stemming from a natural resources scarcity
factors related to land, water and food;
forced migrations
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
TOMORROW
- Sea fishing is forecast to collapse by 2040,
throwing more demand onto land-based food
protein
- Total world food demand is forecast to rise 110%
by 2050
-Land degradation has not been assessed globally
since 1992, but, by some estimates half of the
arable land will be under threat of desertification
by 2050
- Up to half the Earth may be in regular drought by
the end of the century
Estimates by Prof. Julian Cribb, Julian Cribb & Associates, Tackling global food change and the
coming famine
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
THUS
-- The present challenge is to double world
food output – using less land, far less water,
far fewer nutrients and, with the prospect of
less technology to do so, in the teeth of
increasing drought
- By 2020s looming regional food shortages
could precipitate refugee waves numbering in
the hundreds of millions, leaving no country
on Earth unaffected. If we wish to avoid
potential wars, riots and refugee tsunamis,
the only answer is to secure the continuum
CLIMATE/SOIL/LAND/FOOD SECURITY.
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
Being creative/responsive would include:
•Bringing market finance mechanism for
adaptation/mitigation to bear on forest and
land conservation;
•Ag.R+D. Soil Focus. A global effort helped by
the UNCCD to promote conservation
agriculture, low-input farming systems and put
organic framing systems on a scientific footing;
•A 200% increase in water use efficiency in
all crops;
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
Soil degradation is an under-recognized threat
to global well-being which will be aggravated
by climate change
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
DESERTIFICATION? Cf. Art 1 of the
UNCCD
‘Desertification’ means land degradation
in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas
resulting from various factors,
Including climatic variations and human
activities:
- Prolonged drought
- Soil erosion caused by wind and/or water
- Human activities and habitation patterns
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
- Deterioration of the physical, chemical and
biological or economic properties of soil
- Long term loss of natural vegetation
• ‘land’ = the terrestrial bio-productive
system i.e. Soil + Vegetation + Ecological
and hydrological processes that operate
within the system
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
The 10 Year strategy of the UNCCD
The vision
The aim for the future is to forge a global
partnership
to
reverse
and
prevent
desertification/land degradation and to
mitigate the effects of drought in affected
areas in order to support poverty reduction
and environmental sustainability.
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
The strategic objectives of the UNCCD
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
The mission
To provide a global framework to support the
development and implementation of national
and regional policies, programmes and
measures to prevent, control and reverse
desertification/land degradation and mitigate
the effects of drought through scientific and
technological excellence, raising public
awareness, standard setting, advocacy and
resource mobilization, thereby contributing to
poverty reduction.
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
The operational objectives of UNCCD
1: Advocacy, awareness raising and
education
2: Policy framework
3: Science, technology and knowledge
4: Capacity-building
5: Financing and technology transfer
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
The Secretariat’s Clusters of activities
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SECRETARIAT OF THE CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION
SECRETARIAT DE LA CONVENTION SUR LA LUTTE CONTRE LA DESERTIFICATION
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