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Plant Structure Lecture 11 Spring 2014 Plant Cells 1 Fig 6.8 Plant Cells Central Vacuole • • • • Storage Protection Few enzymes Concentrate enzymes in rest of cell • Cell growth Fig 6.14 2 3 Plant Cells Plastids • Chloroplasts • Chromoplasts • Amyloplasts Fig 6.18 Plant Cells 4 Cell walls • Primary – Permeable & non-selective • Middle lamella Fig 6.28 Plant Cells 5 Cell walls • Secondary – Lignin Fig 6.28 6 Plant Cells Plasmodesmata – Desmos = to bind • Channels through primary cell walls of plants Fig. 6.31 7 Plant Structure Tissue • An integrated group of cells with a common structure, function, or both Organ • A specialized center of body function, composed of several types of tissue Shoot system Root system Fig. 35.2 8 Plant Structure Fig. 35.7 Plant Structure 9 Tissues • Blue = dermal – Outer protective covering – Waterproofing • Yellow = ground – Storage, photosynthesis, bulk, support • Purple = vascular – Transport – Support Fig. 35.8 10 Tissue System Tissue Cell Types Dermal Epidermis Ground cells, guard cells, trichomes, other specialized cells Periderm Cork, cork cambium, parenchyma Ground tissue parenchyma Sclerenchyma Sclerenchyma: fibers, sclereids Collenchyma collenchyma Xylem tracheids, vessel elements, sclereids, parenchyma Phloem sieve tube members/sieve cells, companion cells, fibers, sclereids, parenchyma Ground Vascular Plant Structure: Cell Types Parenchyma cells • Thin primary cell wall • No secondary cell walls • Photosynthesis, starch storage, other metabolic functions Fig. 35.10 11 Plant Structure: Cell Types Collenchyma cells • Flexible support – Thick cell wall – no secondary cell wall • Can still lengthen at maturity Fig. 35.10 12 Plant Structure: Cell Types Sclerenchyma cells • Rigid support – Thick secondary cell wall with lignin • Cannot lengthen at maturity – Dead at functional maturity • Two types – Sclereids – Fibers Fig. 35.10 13 14 Plant Structure: Cell Types • Xylem • Tracheids & vessels • secondary cell wall w/lignin • Dead at functional maturity Fig. 35.10 15 Plant Structure: Cell Types Phloem •Sieve tube elements •No secondary cell walls •Companion cells Fig. 35.10
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