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Operating Systems
Design and Implementation
Dr. Melanie Rieback
W&N, R4.33 – 8-7634
[email protected]
http://www.cs.vu.nl/~melanie/teaching/os.html
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Operating Systems - Winter 2010
Course Overview
Operating Systems 2010
• Classes are in:
• Q1.12 on Wednesdays 13:30-15:15
• C6.23 on Fridays 13:30-15:15
• Examination:
• Wednesday March 24 15:15-18:00 (Q1.05)
• Wednesday June 9 18:30-21:15
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 1
Course Overview
Operating Systems 2010
• In-Class Quizzes:
• Will be given on a surprise basis
• Are given at the beginning of class
• Can add up to 2(!) extra points to your grade
• Will cover the material from the previous class
• But before you start celebrating:
• The questions will be hard
• This is a good way to gauge your progress
during this course
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 2
Structure of this Course
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 3
Chap 1 - Overview
Operating Systems 2010
• A Bit of History….
• What is an Operating System?
• Concepts
• System Calls
• Structure
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Slide 4
A Bit of History
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 5
A Bit of History
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 6
A Bit of History
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 7
A Bit of History
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 8
Linux (Lines of Code)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 9
Linux vs. MINIX
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 10
*NIX Evolution
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 11
*NIX Evolution
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 12
What is an OS?
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 13
Abstraction over HW
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 14
2 Views on OSes
Operating Systems 2010
• OS as a Virtual Machine
• Extending the HW functionality
• Hides the messy details of programming the HW
• OS as a Resource Manager
• Protects against simultaneous usage of resources
• Fair sharing of resources (scheduling)
• Resource accounting
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Slide 15
How to View an OS
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 16
Processes
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 17
Multiple Processes
Operating Systems 2010
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Slide 18
Files (1/2)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 19
Files (1/2)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 20
Filesystem Layout
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 21
Files Concepts (1/2)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 21
Files Concepts (2/2)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 22
File System Mounting (1/2)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 23
File System Mounting (2/2)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 24
Special Files (1/2)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 25
Special Files (2/2)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 26
System Calls
Operating Systems 2010
• System Calls are the interface the Operating System offers to
applications.
• Problem: Mechanics of issuing a system call are highly machine
dependent
• Solution: Provide a library to allow system calls from C programs
Applications
Library functions
Libraries
System Calls
Instruction
Set
Architecture
Operating System
Hardware
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Slide 27
Process Management (1/2)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 28
Process Management (2/2)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 29
System Calls: Signals
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 30
System Calls: Files
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 31
System Calls: Directories
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 32
System Calls – Example (1/2)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 33
System Calls – Example (2/2)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 34
OS Structure: Monolithic (1/2)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 35
OS Structure: Monolithic (2/2)
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 36
OS Structure: UNIX
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 37
OS Structure: Linux
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 38
OS Structure: Windows 2000
Operating Systems 2010
System Services
Windows
MGR
& GDI
Graphics
Device
Drivers
VM
Manager
Process
Manager
Security
Reference
Monitor
IO
Manager
Windows 2000 Kernel
Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL)
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Slide 39
Client / Server
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 40
Virtualization
Operating Systems 2010
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Slide 41