Download cell division

Bell Ringer: No paper needed
Why do cells divide?
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Cell Division:
It’s Mitosis…..not Your Tosis….
 Cell Division: (Mitosis) the process by which
a cell divides into two new daughter cells.
 Why do cells divide?
 They divide before they become too large!
 Nucleus has a hard time managing a cell that is
too large.
Cancer:
Uncontrolled Cell Growth
 Cells lose control over their cell cycle and they
start dividing uncontrollably and end up with
a huge number of cells.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LEpTTolebqo
Chromosomes
 Contains Genetic Material (DNA).
 Each living thing has a specific number
 Fruit Flies have 8
 Carrots have 18
 Humans have 46
Chromatin
 Granular material visible within the nucleus
 During cell division, Chromatin condenses to
formed Chromosomes
Chromatin
Chromosome
Chromosomes and Cell
Division
 Before cell division, each chromosome is
replicated or copied.
 Each chromosome is made up of 2 identical
sister chromatids attached at an area called
the centromere.
Cell Cycle
Definition:A series of events that cells go
through as they grow and divide.
G1 phase
M phase
M phase
(Mitosis)
S phase
G2 phase
Events of the Cell Cycle
 Interphase: Longest phase of the cell’s life.
Divided into the G1, S1, and G2 phases
 Cell Division: (M phase: Mitosis) Is relatively
fast
G1 phase
M phase
(Mitosis)
S phase
G2 phase
2 Stages of Cell Division (the
M phase)
 Mitosis: Cell nucleus divides
 Cytokinesis: Cytoplasm divides
M phase
(Mitosis)
Spindle
forming
Centrioles
Nuclear
envelope
Chromatin
Interphase
Centromere
Chromosomes (paired
chromatids)
Prophase
Cytokinesis
Spindle
Centriole
Telophase
Nuclear envelope
reforming
Centriole
Individual
chromosomes
Anaphase
Metaphase
Interphase
 Longest phase of the cell’s life
 G1: Phase when cells do most of their growing.
 S1: DNA is replicated
 G2: Organelles are produced in order to prepare
for Mitosis
Cell Membrane
(Membrane)
Interphase
Animal Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Plant Cell
Spindle
forming
Centrioles
Nuclear
envelope
Chromatin
Interphase
Centromere
Chromosomes (paired
chromatids)
Prophase
Cytokinesis
Spindle
Centriole
Telophase
Nuclear envelope
reforming
Centriole
Individual
chromosomes
Anaphase
Metaphase
Prophase
1. Chromatin condenses into Chromosomes.
2. Centrioles separate and take position on
opposite sides of the nucleus
3. Spindle fibers begin to form between the
centrioles.
Prophase
Animal Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Plant Cell
Spindle
forming
Centrioles
Nuclear
envelope
Chromatin
Interphase
Centromere
Chromosomes (paired
chromatids)
Prophase
Cytokinesis
Spindle
Centriole
Telophase
Nuclear envelope
reforming
Centriole
Individual
chromosomes
Anaphase
Metaphase
Metaphase
 Chromosomes line up across the center of the
cell .
Fibers
Metaphase
Animal Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Plant Cell
Spindle
forming
Centrioles
Nuclear
envelope
Chromatin
Interphase
Centromere
Chromosomes (paired
chromatids)
Prophase
Cytokinesis
Spindle
Centriole
Telophase
Nuclear envelope
reforming
Centriole
Individual
chromosomes
Anaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
 The sister chromatids separate into individual
chromosomes and are pulled apart by the
Spindle Fibers!
Anaphase
Animal Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Plant Cell
Spindle
forming
Centrioles
Nuclear
envelope
Chromatin
Interphase
Centromere
Chromosomes (paired
chromatids)
Prophase
Cytokinesis
Spindle
Centriole
Telophase
Nuclear envelope
reforming
Centriole
Individual
chromosomes
Anaphase
Metaphase
Telophase
 Chromosomes gather at opposite sides of the
cell.
 Chromosome break apart into Chromatin
Section 10-2
Spindle
forming
Centrioles
Nuclear
envelope
Chromatin
Interphase
Centromere
Chromosomes (paired
chromatids)
Prophase
Cytokinesis
Spindle
Centriole
Telophase
Nuclear envelope
reforming
Centriole
Individual
chromosomes
Anaphase
Metaphase
Cytokinesis
 The cytoplasm pinches in half (organelles) .
 Each new daughter cell has an identical set of
duplicate chromosomes.
 Example:
4 Chromosomes
4 Chromosomes
4 Chromosomes
Twilight Mitosis
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1kRWvioLFFc
Cytokinesis
End of Cell Division
Telophase & Cytokinesis
Animal Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Plant Cell
Animal Mitosis -- Review
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis
Plant Mitosis -- Review
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__mitosis_and_cytokinesis.html
Bell Ringer:
Identify the following stages of the Cell Cycle
Determine the proper order 1st – 6th
Anaphase
Metaphase
4th
3rd
4.
1.
Interphase
Prophase
2nd
1st
5.
2.
Telophase
Cytokinesis
5th
3.
6th
6.