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Chapter 1: Themes and Essential Elements The 2 Main Branches of Geography Human Geography: • Studies how people live and use resources. • Ex. Jobs, food, activities, clothing etc. Physical Geography: • Studies the natural environment. • Ex. Weather patterns, landscape, terrain etc. How are these two branches different? Types of Regions Formal Region: • Has one or more common feature that makes it different from surrounding areas. • Ex. Population (city), landscape (Rocky Mountains), beliefs/perceptions of individuals (Bible Belt) Functional Region: • Made up of different places that are linked together and function as a unit (organized around a central unit). • Ex. Belden Village Mall, Union Station (Chicago), City offices. Perceptual Region: • Regions that reflect human feelings and attitudes. • Ex. “Back home,” the ghetto, dixie etc. 5 Themes of Study Location: Exact or relative spot of something on earth. •Absolute= precise location. •Relative= What it is near. Ex. •Driving directions•Absolute= GPS •Relative= Next to the gas station. 5 Themes of Study Movement: How people and things change location and the effects of these changes. Ex. •Cities located near water/resources. •Moving to warmer climate. •Shortage of water in California •Larger cities, more urban areas. 5 Themes of Study Region: Organizes earth into geographic areas with one or more shared characteristic. Ex. •Terrain: Midwest (farmland) Rocky Mountains etc. •Weather patterns- South and West (warmer climate). 5 Themes of Study Place: Physical and human features of a location. Ex. •Urban, rural, suburban. •Stereotypes: Red neck, ghetto, ritzy, etc. 5 Themes of Study Human- Environmental Interaction: The way people and environments interrelate with and affect each other. Ex. •Pollution- L.A. smog, Cuyahoga River, Lake Erie. •Building dams and roads etc.