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India
Already
KNOW
NEED to
Know
Will Learn
Words to Know
 Ganges
River
 Arranged Marriages
 Subsistence Farming
 Caste System
 Monsoons
 Federal Republic
 Independence
 Gandhi
Sovereign
One that exercises supreme,
permanent authority, especially
in a nation or other
governmental unit, as: A king,
queen, or other noble person
who serves as chief of state; a
ruler or monarch.
Or . A national governing
council or committee.
Where is SOUTH ASIA??
http://www.askasia.org/image/maps/asias1.htm
Satellite View
of South Asia
South
Asia:
Physical
Map
Bodies of Water
Arabian Sea
Bay of
Bengal
Indian Ocean
Graphic Organizer (Right Side)
India
Background

The Republic of India is
the seventh largest country by
geographical area, the second most
populous country, and the most
populous democracy in
the world. Four major world
religions, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism
and Sikhism originated here, while
Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Islam and
Christianity arrived in the first
millennium CE and shaped the region's
diverse culture. Gradually annexed by
the British East India Company from
the early eighteenth century and
colonized by the United Kingdom from
the mid-nineteenth century, India
became a modern nation-state in 1947
after a struggle for independence that
was marked by widespread nonviolent
resistance.
Interactive Notebook Question
(Left Side)
 Think-Pair-Share

If India has one of the world’s
largest economies then why is it still
a very poor society?

Stone Age rock shelters with
paintings in Madhya Pradesh are
the earliest known traces of
human life in India. The first
known permanent
settlements appeared
over 9,000 years ago
and gradually
developed into the
Indus Valley Civilization
dating back to 3300 BCE in
western India. It appears the
first people were Aryan
Nomads from Europe.
They were followed by the Vedic
Civilization, which laid the
foundations of Hinduism and other
cultural aspects of early Indian
society.
The Himalayas
 “him” [snow]
 “aalaya” [home]
 Mt. Everest is
29,035 feet. It
is the highest
mt. peak in the
world.
Influence of Mountains:
•Population & Settlements
-lower elevations have higher
populations
•Movement
-Isolated India and Pakistan
from China
•Climate
-block cold air from the North
History
From the sixteenth
century, the British used
India as a colony for
natural resources.
20th Century History
During the first half of
the twentieth century,
a nationwide struggle
for independence was
launched. Led by
Mahatma Gandhi, and
displaying
commitment to
ahimsa, or nonviolence, millions of protesters
engaged in mass campaigns of
civil disobedience against Great
Britain.
BRAIN POP
Muhammad Ali Jinnah,
Leader of the Muslim
League
Finally, on 15 August
1947, India gained
independence from
British rule, but was
partitioned, in
accordance to wishes of
the Muslim League,
along the lines of
religion to create the
Islamic nation-state of
Pakistan.
Graphic Organizer (Right Side)
History: British
colony. Gandhi
fought for
democracy and
independance
Pakistan: Divided
India between Hindu
and Muslim. Both
have nuclear
weapons.
India
Interactive Notebook Question
(Left Side)
 Think-Pair-Share
 What
was the major division between
people living in India and people living in
Pakistan?
th
20
Century
History
Since independence,
India has experienced
sectarian violence and
insurgencies in various parts of the
country, but has maintained its unity
and democracy. It has unresolved
territorial disputes with China, which
in 1962 escalated into the brief SinoIndian War; and with Pakistan, which
resulted in wars in 1947, 1965, 1971,
and 1999. In 1974, India conducted
an underground nuclear test. This
was followed by five more tests in
1998, making India a nuclear state.
Beginning in 1991, significant
economic reforms have transformed
India into one of the fastest-growing
economies in the world, adding to its
global and regional clout.
Border
problems
Government

The constitution of India, the longest
and most exhaustive constitution of
any independent nation in the world,
came into force on January 26, 1950.
India has a federal form
of government and a
bicameral parliament. It
has three branches of governance: the
Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary.
The President of India is the official
head of state elected indirectly by an
electoral college for a five-year term.
The Prime Minister is,
however, the de facto
head of government and
exercises most executive
powers.
Describe the ways governments
distribute power



Unitary- a form of government in which power is held by
one central authority.
Confederation-voluntary associations of independent
states that, to secure some common purpose, agree to
certain limitations on their freedom of action and
establish some joint machinery of consultation or
deliberation.
Federal-a form of government in which power is divided
between one central and several regional authorities.
 Which
one is India today????
Write your answer in your Notes.
Citizen participation in
government (Left Side)



Autocratic-government in which one person possesses
unlimited power and the citizen has little if any role in the
government.
Oligarchic-Government by the few, sometimes a
government in which a small group exercises control
especially for corrupt and selfish purposes. The citizen
has very limited role.
Democratic-Government in which the supreme power is
vested in the people and exercised by them directly or
indirectly.
 Which
one is India today????
 Write your answer in your Notes.
Describe the two predominant forms of
democratic governments (Left Side)


Parliamentary-system of government having the real
executive power vested in a cabinet composed of
members of the legislature who are individually and
collectively responsible to the legislature. May have a
Prime Minister elected by the legislature.
Presidential-a system of government in which the
president is constitutionally independent of the
legislature.
 Which
one does India have today????
 Write your answer in your Notes.
Graphic Organizer (Right Side)
History: British
colony. Gandhi
fought for
democracy and
independence
Pakistan: Divided
India between Hindu
and Muslim. Both
have nuclear
weapons.
India
Politics: Federal
Republic,
Parliamentary
Democracy
Interactive Notebook Question
(Left Side)
 Think-Pair-Share
 Name
a country that is similar to the
government in India.
 Name
two countries that have judicial
systems similar to India.
Economy

Since 1991, India has gradually opened up its markets through
economic reforms and reduced government controls on foreign trade
and investment. Privatization of publicly-owned companies and the
opening of certain sectors to private and foreign participation has
continued amid political debate. India's per capita income is
US$ 707. The World Bank classifies India as low-income
class state.

Although the Indian economy has grown steadily over the last two
decades; its growth has been uneven when comparing different social
groups, economic groups, geographic regions, and rural and urban
areas. Wealth distribution in India is fairly uneven, with the top 10% of
income groups earning 33% of the income. Despite significant
economic progress, a quarter of the nation's population earns less than
the government-specified poverty threshold of $0.40 per day. In 2004–
2005, 27.5% of the population was living below the poverty line.

India has the world's second largest labor force, with
509.3 million people, 60% of whom are employed in
agriculture and related industries; 28% in services
and related industries; and 12% in industry.

Overpopulation is a big concern
for India’s Economy, since World
War II India has taken steps to limit
population growth as a way to
strengthen their economy.
Economy

While India has large amounts of natural
resources the main resource needed for modern
industrialization is OIL. India is dependent on
other nations for its oil supply. This is a common occurrence
for many countries in which they become dependant on another county for some of
its natural resource needs.“Natural
resources are not evenly
distributed around the world”
Economy

India's most important trading partners are
the United States, the European Union,
China, the United Arab Emirates,
Singapore, and Australia. More recently,
India has capitalized on its large pool of
educated, English-speaking people, and
trained professionals to become an
important outsourcing destination for
multinational corporations and a popular
destination for medical tourism. India
has also become a major
exporter of software as
well as financial, research,
and technological
services. Its natural resources include
arable land, bauxite, chromite, coal,
diamonds, iron ore, limestone, manganese,
mica, natural gas, petroleum, and titanium
ore.
Economy

India has a mixed
economy where the government
makes some economic decisions,
businesses and individuals make other
decisions. In 2005, however, the
government put a stop to the
privatization of the remaining
government-owned industries.
India’s “mixed economy”
 The “mix” refers to private and public
ownership.
 Foreign aid and foreign investment are
crucial.
 Urban areas have high-tech companies.
 Three quarters of the population are
farmers living in small villages.
 India's "Green Revolution" allowed farmers to
triple their crop by using modern science and
technology.
Trade Barriers-Remember These?

A trade barrier is a general term that describes any government policy or
regulation that restricts international trade. The barriers can take many
forms, including:
 Quotas--a
type of protectionist trade restriction
that sets a physical limit on the quantity of a
good that can be imported into a country
 Tariffs--a tax on goods when they cross a
national border.
 Embargo--the prohibition of trade with a certain
country
Interactive Notebook Question
(Left Side)
 Think-Pair-Share
 Is
India’s economy an example of
Command, Market, or
Traditional?

India is the world's
twelfth largest
economy. Economic reforms
have transformed it into the second
fastest growing economy however, it
still suffers from high levels of
poverty, illiteracy, malnutrition and
environmental degradation.

The high population of
India contributes to the
country remaining an
impoverished nation. A
pluralistic, multi-lingual, and multiethnic society, India is also home to
a diversity of wildlife in a variety of
protected habitats.
Subsistence
Farming

form of farming in
which nearly all of the
crops or livestock
raised are used to
maintain the farmer
and his family, leaving
little, if any, surplus
for sale or trade.
Graphic Organizer (Right Side)
History: British
colony. Gandhi
fought for
democracy and
independence
Economy: Mixed
Economy, 4th largest
in the world.
Pakistan: Divided
India between Hindu
and Muslim. Both
have nuclear
weapons.
India
Politics: Federal
Republic,
Parliamentary
Democracy
Interactive Notebook Question
(Left Side)
 Think-Pair-Share

An entrepreneur is a person who has possession over a company,
enterprise, or venture, and assumes significant accountability for the
inherent risks and the outcome.
 What
do you think is the level of
Entrepreneurship in India?
Ethnic group vs.
Religious Group
 Ethnic
groups share many common
characteristics such as language, physical
features, customs, and traditions
 Religious
groups share a common belief
system but are not necessarily composted
of a single ethnic group.
Culture

India's culture has managed to
preserve established traditions while
absorbing new customs, traditions,
and ideas from invaders and
immigrants.

Indian Architecture, including notable
monuments, such as the Taj Mahal

The Indian film industry is the largest
in the world. Bollywood, based in
Mumbai, makes commercial Hindi
films and is the most prolific film
industry in the world.
Culture


The staple food in the region
are rice Spice originally
native to the Indian
subcontinent that are now
consumed world wide
include black pepper; hot
chili peppers, popular across
India, were introduced by the
Portuguese.
India is home to the age-old
discipline of yoga and to the
ancient martial arts,
Kalarippayattu and Varma
Kalai

An arranged marriage is arranged
by someone other than the persons
getting married, curtailing or avoiding the process
of courtship. Such marriages are not
uncommon in the Middle East, parts
of Africa, and Asia (Hindus). This is
an example of social institutions
influences the behavior of people.
Graphic Organizer (Right Side)
History: British
colony. Gandhi
fought for
democracy and
independence
Economy: Mixed
Economy, 4th largest
in the world.
Culture: some still
practice arranged
marriages.
Pakistan: Divided
India between Hindu
and Muslim. Both
have nuclear
weapons.
India
Politics: Federal
Republic,
Parliamentary
Democracy
Rivers of South Asia:
•Ganges River
-large delta, pollution, trade,
irrigation, transportation, religion
http://www.asd.k12.ak.us/schools/romig/asia/Geo/ganges/geography.html
It’s
Gross
http://climatesecurity.blogspot.com/2009_07_01_archive.ht
ml
The Ganges River System
1,560 miles long
“Mata Ganga” (Mother Ganges)
Demographics

With an estimated population of
1.12 billion, India is the world's
second most populous country and
the world's largest democracy.
India's largest cities are Mumbai
(formerly Bombay), Delhi, Kolkata
(formerly Calcutta), Chennai
(formerly Madras), Bangalore, and
Hyderabad.
Population Map

India is the second most
culturally, linguistically and
genetically diverse
geographical entity after the
African continent. Hindi, with
the largest number of
speakers, is the official
language of India. English,
which is extensively used in
business and administration,
is quickly become more
widespread. The number of
dialects in India is as high as
1,652.
Demographics



Over 800 million Indians (80.5%)
are Hindu. Other religious groups
include Muslims (13.4%), Christians
(2.3%), Sikhs (1.9%), Buddhists
(0.8%), Jains (0.4%), Jews,
Zoroastrians, Bahá'ís and others.
Tribals constitute 8.1% of the
population.
India's literacy rate is 64.8% (53.7%
for females and 75.3% for males).
The national gender ratio is 944
females per 1,000 males. India's
median age is 24.9, and the
population growth rate of 1.38% per
annum; there are 22.01 births per
1,000 people per year.
Graphic Organizer (Right Side)
History: British
colony. Gandhi
fought for
democracy and
independence
Economy: Mixed
Economy, 4th largest
in the world.
Culture: some still
practice arranged
marriages.
Pakistan: Divided
India between Hindu
and Muslim. Both
have nuclear
weapons.
India
Demographics:
Overpopulation,
many different
religions and ethnic
groups.
Politics: Federal
Republic,
Parliamentary
Democracy
MONSOONS
•“Season” (Arabic)
•Summer Monsoon (Wet)
•Winter Monsoon (Dry)
•Violent Mudslides/Flooding
•Welcomed by some for
fertilization.
Weather

India’s climate is dominated by monsoons. Monsoons
are strong, often violent winds that change direction
with the season. Monsoon winds blow from cold to
warm regions because cold air takes up more space
Monsoons blow from
the land toward the sea in
winter, and from the sea
toward land in the summer,
thus creating a dry season
then a rainy season.
than warm air.

India’s winters are hot and dry. The monsoon winds
blow from the northeast and carry little moisture. The
temperature is high because the Himalayas form a
barrier that prevents cold air from passing onto the
subcontinent. Additionally, most of India lies between
the Tropic of Cancer and the equator, so the sun’s
rays shine directly on the land. The temperature can
reach as high as 110oF during the Indian winter.
Monsoons

The summer monsoons roar onto the
subcontinent from the southwest. The winds
carry moisture from the Indian Ocean and
bring heavy rains from June to September.
The torrential rainstorms often cause violent
landslides. Entire villages have been swept
away during monsoon rains.

Despite the potential for
destruction, the summer
monsoons are welcomed in India.
Farmers depend on the rains to
irrigate their land.
Graphic Organizer (Right Side)
History: British
colony. Gandhi
fought for
democracy and
independence
Economy: Mixed
Economy, 4th largest
in the world.
Culture: some still
practice arranged
marriages.
Pakistan: Divided
India between Hindu
and Muslim. Both
have nuclear
weapons.
India
Demographics:
Overpopulation,
many different
religions and ethnic
groups.
Environmental
Issues: Pollution of
the Ganges River
Politics: Federal
Republic,
Parliamentary
Democracy
Climate: Dry
Season, Wet
Season. Mostly
warm year round.
India Learning Log Essay
(Team Taught)
Using a map of India, draw pictures or cut and
paste pictures that will represent the religion,
government, and ethnic groups located in
India.
Write a caption below to show what your
picture represents.
**You should have at least one picture to represent each area
listed above. The more pictures you have the better the
grade.
India Learning Log Essay
(Regular Ed)
 Now
that you understand India answer this
question in an essay:
 What
are three issues facing India today
that may concern the Indian government
and how would you suggest they solve
those problems?
India Learning Log Essay
(Advanced)
 Now
that you understand India answer ONE of
these essay prompts:
1. Write a letter to a pen-pal in the US as a teenager in India
describing the history, government, and economy of India.
2. Write a letter to the leaders of European nations as the
leader of India asking for financial assistance to resolve
environmental issues in India.
3. What are three issues facing India today that may concern
the Indian government and how would you suggest they solve
those problems.
4. Write a travel journal from the perspective of an American
tourist traveling through India detailing the government,
economy, and environmental issues of India.
Summarizing Activity 1
(Left hand side)
 Draw



the following:
How people live in this area: Housing
How people work in this area: Types of
Industry? Cities? Towns?
How people travel in this area: Cars? Paved
Roads? Water?
Summarizing Activity 2
(Left hand side)
 List
 The
the following:
Distribution of Power in India…
 The Citizen Participation in India…
 The Type of Government in India…
Summarizing Activity 3
(Left hand side)
 List
the following:
 The
Type of Economy in India
Bibliography









California State University, Chico
www.csuchico.edu/anth/anth40/indusvalley/indusvalley_files January 2008
Central Intelligence Agency, World Fact Book,
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html . January 6,
2008
Dowling, Mike, "Monsoons at mrdowling.com," available from
http://www.mrdowling.com/612-monsoon.html; Internet; updated Monday, July 11,
2005 . ©2008, Mike Dowling. All rights reserved.
India Ministry of Tourism http://www.tourisminindia.com/ January 6, 2008
India Overpopulation. CNN. http://images.search.yahoo.com/search/images/.
January 2008
Taj Mahal Picture. http://www.2112.net/jcole/Pictures/2001-4/India/India-AgraTaj_Mahal-whole_structure_in_all_glory.jpg. January 6, 2008
Yoga. http://www.cultureholidays.com/images/yoga.jpg. January 6, 2008
India Clothing. http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/india/clothing/index.htm. April 25,
2008.
Math Basics. http://www.sfusd.k12.ca.us/schwww/sch618/ScienceMath/Math.html.
April 25, 2008.