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7th grade Social Studies Physical Geography of SW Asia BIG IDEAS 1. Physical Features – The physical environment affects how people live. (People have adapted to survive in this dry region) 2. Climate Regions – Places reflect the relationship between humans and the physical environment. (People settle where there are resources) Wadi A dry riverbed that fills with water when it rains. Steppe Partly dry grassland on the edge of a desert Nomad People constantly moving across scrub and grassland areas to find food and water for their herds. Aquifer - underground rock layer form which water flows. Alluvial plain An area of rich, fertile soil left by river floods. Irrigation A method of controlling flooding by carrying water to fields through a series of walls, waterways and ditches and distributing it to crops. Silt small particles of rich soil Poaching illegal fishing or hunting (no license or permission) Refinery the facilities that turn petroleum into gasoline and other products. Rationing resources (like food and/or water) made available to people in only limited amounts. Desalinization A process that treats seawater to remove salts and minerals and make it drinkable. Fertile Cresent A region of Iraq, Syria, and Turkey that is shaped like a crescent and has very fertile soil. Tigris River Early civilizations developed along this river in the Fertile Crescent. Euphrates River A major river in the Middle East, this river flows from Turkey into the Persian Gulf. The yearly floods from this river help to form the Fertile Crescent. Mesopotamia Located in Iraq and on the Fertile Crescent, this is a strip of land that curves from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. It is the site of early civilization. Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula includes the 9 countries of Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Yemen, and Saudi Arabia. Rub’ al-Khali The Rub’ al Khali is the largest sand desert in the world, encompassing most of the southern third of the Arabian Peninsula. Syrian Desert The Syrian desert covers portions of Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. Zagros Mountains The Zagros Mountain range spans the whole length of the western and southwestern Iranian plateau. Mediterranean Sea The Mediterranean Sea is connected to the Atlantic Ocean and is almost completely enclosed by land. Persian Gulf The Persian Gulf is located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. Red Sea The Red Sea is a seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia.